New Method of Solving the Proper Rational Function and Application to Electrical Control System

Chen Chung-Cheng,Chen Yen-Ting 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.4

The paper is dedicated to develop a new method of addressing the linear nonhomogeneous time-invariant diff erential equation with same diff erential numbers for inputs and outputs. The Laplace transformed output of the electrical state-space equation is a rational function with the same degrees of the numerator and the denominator, and then the bored processes involving the long division of both complicated polynomials, the expanded multiplication of all polynomial factors, the diff erentiation of complicated polynomials and the complex derivations of all partial fraction parameters are inevitable for existing traditional methods. However, by applying the proposed method in this paper, we can explicitly express the general form of the desired output solution and directly solve the desired problem with shorter time than those traditional approaches. To give the signifi cant applications of the new proposed method, we apply it to address the famous electrical circuit based on our recent researches of Chen’s electrical unifying approach.

1923年 共産國際對華奇生政策之形成

陳聰勝 단국대학교부설 중국연구소 1980 中國硏究 Vol.2 No.-

「콤민태른」이 中國에서의 寄生政策을 전개한 것은, 「콤미태른」의 당시 戰略一般論議로 보아야 할 것이다. 즉, 「콤민태른」의 제3차 집행위원회의 결의에 근거한 「大衆에로」(To the Mass)의 구호가 그 함축된 意義를 잘 나타내어 준다고 할 수 있다. 거기에서 파생된 戰略的 표현이 이른바 「東方迂廻論」이라고 하겠다. 이는 Lenin에 의해 주장된 사실이지만, 보다 구체적인 戰略은 Stalin에 의해 수립된 것으로 볼 수 있다. 따라서 이와 같은 戰略의 수립과정을 보면, 「콤민태른」의 中國政策은 그 성립 초기부터라고 하겠다. 이는 1918년에 발표된 Stalin의 「Don't forget East」란 論文에서 그 근거를 찾을 수 있다. 즉, 그는 同論文을 통하여 「단 1분동안이라도 東方을 잊을 수 없다. 왜냐하면, 東方은 世界帝國主義가 完全히 占領할 수 없는 後備力量으로 가장 믿을만한 後方이기 때문이다」고 하였다. 이는 곧, 「콤민태른」의 「東方에 대한 관심」으로 평가되어 온 사실이다. 특히 이것은 西勢의 東漸化 현상과 日本帝國主義의 「東洋化」政策에 대한 별개의 문제로 볼 수 있다는 데에 留意해야 될 것이다. 물론, 당시 中國은 西勢의 거센 침략적 파도에 핥키운 상처도 컸거니와 日本의 帝國主義政策이 겨냥하는 크다란 표적에서 벗어나지 못하고 있었던 것은 사실이다. 그러나 이러한 현상은 「콤민태른」의 世界戰略에 종속되는 객관적 상황으로 意味될 뿐이며, 반드시 그 같은 상황에 초점이 맞추어져야 할 戰略的 필연성을 말할 수는 없다. 다만 그러한 條件이 객관적으로 성립됨으로써 「콤민태른」의 戰略的 우선순위를 결정함에 미친 바 영향은 적지 않다고 보겠다. 말하자면, 당시 「콤민태른」은 「유럽」을 공격하기에는 때 이른 것으로 보았다. 그래서 戰略의 우선목표를 東方에 두었고, 그 중에서도 中樞的 존재인 中國에 두게 된 것이다. 여기에 그들이 제시할 수 있는 戰略의 조건이 民族主義였던 것으로 나타났다. 그들의 궁극적 목표는 民族의 분열과 民族主義의 여 부정이지만, 현실적 요구에 부응하기 위하여 그들의 民族主義를 부정하지 않으려고 했다. 특히 이러한 民族主義에 대한 戰略的 變容은 곧 第一次國共合作(Kuo-ming-Connunist Collaboration)으로 구체화 된 셈이다. 그래서 그들은 이를 통하여 표면상 民族主義의 자각을 일깨웠고, 나아가 中國에 대한 「中華」的 歸屬意識을 고무할 수 있었다. 그리하여 그들은 抵抗民族運動을 反政府運動으로 正當化시키려고 한 것이다. 中共의 初期 革命過程이 그러한 형태의 典型으로 이른바 「人民民主主義革命」이 된 것은, 이런 뜻에서 우연한 것이 못된다고 하겠다. 물론 당시 孫文의 입장으로는 反中華的 異質 理念과의 갈등을 극복하고, 통일된 「中華」로서의 國民黨政府가 될 수 있다고 믿었다. 또한 그를 추진할 수 있는 理念이 「三民主義」라고 했다. 그러나 「볼쉐비끼」革命을 起點으로 한 Marxism의 물결은 이른바 新思潮로 표현된 激浪을 일으킴으로써 결국 反革命이 反民族으로 통할 수 있게 되었다. 여기에서 「콤민태른」의 一國社會主義論은 Marx의 國際主義的 보편성을 띠고 正當視 될 수 있었다. 그러므로 「콤민태른」의 寄生政策은 엄격히 소련의 國家戰略에 종속되고 있다. 이는 Louis Fischer의 「The Soviet in World affairs에서도 밝혀지고 있거니와, David J. Dallin의 「蘇俄俄侵略遠東史」에서 한층 명백히 드러나고 있다. 즉, 「계급간의 共同利益이란 그 자체가 모스크바의 利益인 것이다」라는 그의 주장은 근거있는 말이다. 그래서 中共黨은 「콤민태른」의 한 支部로 만족하여 中國內의 온갖 民族利益을 헤치면서 「모스크바」의 指示에 충실할 수 밖에 없었다. 따라서 소련은 이를 보장 받기 위하여 많은 콤민태른」의 代表들을 번갈아 中國에 파견하여 國民黨政府를 현혹시키는 것으로 일관한 사실이었다.

New Method of Designing Controller for Uncertain Diff erential-Diff erence Systems and Application to Time-Delay Operational Amplifi er System

Ke Jian,Chung-Cheng Chen,Yen-Ting Chen,Gui-hong Lin 대한전기학회 2020 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.15 No.6

This study combines the feedback linearization method and our recent researches of Chen electrical unifying approach to propose a global tracking controller design for nonlinear uncertain diff erential-diff erence systems with time delay. One example, which cannot be solved by the fi rst paper on the almost disturbance decoupling problem, is presented in this study to show the essential points that the tracking performance is easily solved by the proposed approach. The study applies Chen electrical unifying approach to take the place of using the disorganized virtual ground technique and the Kirchhoff ’s law for those traditional approaches. In order to show its signifi cant practicability, the study has fi rstly designed an easy-to-implement adder and a time-delay circuit, and an unstable time-delay operational amplifi er control system based on the Chen electrical unifying approach, and then has proposed a stable controller.

Novel application of Influenza A virus-inoculated chorioallantoic membrane to characterize a NP-specific monoclonal antibody for immunohistochemistry assaying

Yang-Chang Tu,Kuang-Yu Chen,Chung-Kung Chen,Ming-Chu Cheng,Shu-Hwae Lee,Ivan-Chen Cheng 대한수의학회 2019 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.20 No.1

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) are widely applied in disease diagnoses. Herein, we report a MAb, WF-4, against Influenza A virus nucleoprotein (NP), its broad response with Influenza A virus, and its application in an immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay. WF-4 was screened by immunofluorescence assay (IFA). The results showed that its reactivity with baculovirus-expressed full-length recombinant NP (rNP) in Western blot (WB), indicating its IHC applicability. Fifteen Influenza A virus (reference subtypes H1 to H15) infected chicken embryonated chorioallantoic membranes (CAM), fixed by formalin, were all detectable in the WF-4-based IHC assay. Also, the reactivity of the IHC test with NP from experimentally inoculated H6N1 and from all recent outbreaks of H5 subtype avian Influenza A virus (AIV) field cases in Taiwan showed positive results. Our data indicate that CAM, a by-product of Influenza A virus preparation, is helpful for Influenza A virus-specific MAb characterization, and that the WF-4 MAb recognizes conserved and linear epitopes of Influenza A virus NP. Therefore, WF-4 is capable of detecting NP antigens via IHC and may be suitable for developing various tests for diagnosis of Influenza A virus and, especially, AIV infection.

Enhanced Performance of Solution‐Processed TESPE‐ADT Thin‐Film Transistors

Chen, Liang‐,Hsiang,Hu, Tarng‐,Shiang,Huang, Peng‐,Yi,Kim, Choongik,Yang, Ching‐,Hao,Wang, Juin‐,Jie,Yan, Jing‐,Yi,Ho, Jia‐,Chong,Lee, Cheng‐,Chung,Chen WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2013 Chemphyschem Vol.14 No.12

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A solution‐processed anthradithiophene derivative, 5,11‐bis(4‐triethylsilylphenylethynyl)anthradithiophene (TESPE‐ADT), is studied for use as the semiconducting material in thin‐film transistors (TFTs). To enhance the electrical performance of the devices, two different kinds of solution processing (spin‐coating and drop‐casting) on various gate dielectrics as well as additional post‐treatment are employed on thin films of TESPE‐ADT, and <I>p</I>‐channel OTFT transport with hole mobilities as high as ∼0.12 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>−1</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP> are achieved. The film morphologies and formed microstructures of the semiconductor films are characterized in terms of film processing conditions and are correlated with variations in device performance.</P>

The association of ambient air pollution with airway inflammation in schoolchildren.

Chen, Bing-Yu,Chan, Chang-Chuan,Lee, Chung-Te,Cheng, Tsun-Jen,Huang, Wen-Chuan,Jhou, Ji-Ci,Han, Yueh-Ying,Chen, Chu-Chih,Guo, Yue Leon School of Hygiene and Public Health of the Johns H 2012 American Journal of Epidemiology Vol.175 No.8

<P>The biologic mechanisms involved in airway inflammatory response to air pollution are not clearly understood. The authors conducted a longitudinal study to investigate whether exposure to ambient air pollutants affected inflammatory cells and mediators from nasal lavage in schoolchildren. Study participants were 100 elementary and middle-school students in New Taipei City, Taiwan. A structured respiratory health questionnaire was administered in September 2007, followed by monthly measurement of nasal inflammation from October 2007 to November 2009. During the study period, daily concentrations of air pollutants were obtained from the Environmental Protection Administration monitoring station and the Aerosol Supersite. Mixed-effects models were applied to examine the association between air pollution and nasal inflammatory cells and mediators, including percentages of neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes in lavaged cells and interleukin-8. A total of 824 measurements were obtained from 100 participants over a period of 10 months. The level of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM(2.5)) was found to be associated with percentage of neutrophils (β = 3.45%, 95% confidence interval: 0.89, 6.01) and interleukin-8 level (β = 29.98 pg/mL, 95% confidence interval: 3.26, 56.69) in the nasal lavage on the day of exposure. In this longitudinal cohort study of schoolchildren, results indicated that exposure to PM(2.5) might induce nasal inflammation.</P>

Effect of a vertical guide plate on the wind loading of an inclined flat plate

Chung, Kung-Ming,Chou, Chin-Cheng,Chang, Keh-Chin,Chen, Yi-Jun Techno-Press 2013 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.17 No.5

Wind tunnel experiments were performed to study the wind loads on an inclined flat plate with and without a guide plate. Highly turbulent flow, which corresponded to free-stream turbulence intensity on the flat roof of low-rise buildings, was produced by a turbulence generation grid at the inlet of the test section. The test model could represent a typical solar collector panel of a solar water heater. There are up-stream movements of the separation bubble and side-edge vortices, more intense fluctuating pressure and a higher bending moment in the turbulent flow. A guide plate would result in higher lift coefficient, particularly with an increased projected area ratio of a guide plate to an inclined flat plate. The value of lift coefficient is considerably lower with increased free-stream turbulent intensity.

A Simple Partial Discharge Detector for Low-Voltage Rotating Electrical Machines

Cheng-Chi Tai,Ting-Cheng Huang,Ching-Chau Su,Chien-Yi Chen,Ju-Chu Hsieh,Yu-Shiun Lin,Chung-Tzong Wang,Jeng-Hung Lai 전력전자학회 2007 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.- No.-

A new, simple partial discharge (PD) detector for low-voltage rotating electrical machines using acoustical emission (AE) technique is dseveloped in this study. Common electric components were used in the detector, which reduces the cost of inspection, comparing with the traditional PD detection methods that use expensive equipment costing from tens of thousands to several millions dollars. Experimental results by resonant type AE sensors (150 ㎑) which utilize power line-cycle in a microcontroller unit (MCU) as reference to measure the PDs generated in a low-voltage motor are presented. The AE signals are then amplified by a pre-amplifier (30 ㎑ ~ 300 ㎑, 34 ㏈). Since the resonant frequency of the sensor is much lower than that of the electromagnetic (EM) interferences around the motor, the effects of noise is substantially reduced by this method. In the mean time, the use of 150-㎑ resonant type AE sensor also avoids the disturbance of mechanical vibration noise. According to the experiment results, the measurement system developed in this study can be used to detect the PDs’ AE signals correctly. The AE measurement scheme proposed in this study provides an effective, low-cost method for PD measurements.

Letter to the Editor: ‘Maternal Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and the Risk of Early Childhood Obesity in Female Offspring: A Nationwide Population-Based Study’

Chen Kuan-Jung,Huang Jing-Yang,Wei James Cheng-Chung 대한의학회 2023 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.38 No.40

Seismic behavior of structures isolated with a hybrid system of rubber bearings

Chen, Bo-Jen,Tsai, C.S.,Chung, L.L.,Chiang, Tsu-Cheng Techno-Press 2006 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.22 No.6

The enlargement of interest in base isolators as an earthquake-proof design strategy has dramatically accelerated experimental studies of elastomeric bearings worldwide. In this paper, a new base isolator concept that is a hybrid system of rubber bearings is proposed. Uniaxial, biaxial, and triaxial shaking table tests are also performed to study the seismic behavior of a 0.4-scale three-story isolated steel structure in the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering in Taiwan. Experimental results demonstrate that structures with a hybrid system of rubber bearings composed of stirruped rubber bearings and laminated rubber bearings can actually decrease the seismic responses of the superstructure. It has been proved through the shaking table tests that the proposed hybrid system of rubber bearings is a very promising tool to enhance the seismic resistance of structures. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the proposed analytical model in this paper can predict the mechanical behavior of the hybrid system of rubber bearings and seismic responses of the base-isolated structures.