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Ginkgo biloba Administered Singly and Combined With Antioxidants in Tinnitus Patients
Chauhan Bhushan,Arya Shantanu,Chauhan Komal 대한청각학회 2023 Journal of Audiology & Otology Vol.27 No.1
Background and Objectives: Tinnitus, or ear ringing, involves impulsive and spontaneous activity in the auditory neurons. Its prevalence is high in the elderly, but 10%–15% of adults suffer from tinnitus, affecting their quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> administered singly and in combination with antioxidants in tinnitus patients.Subjects and Methods: Patients were randomly allocated to Placebo (T0, n=22), Treatment 1 (T1, n=24), and Treatment 2 (T2, n=23) groups. The patients were educated on the study’s methodology and were instructed to visit at 0, 4, 8, 12, and 14 weeks. The placebo group received starch capsule supplements. Conversely, the treatment groups received <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> (60 mg twice a day) singly and in combination with antioxidants. We enrolled 69 patients aged 40–70 years (41 men, 28 women). The Tinnitus Handicap Index (THI), Visual Analogue Score (VAS), and Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Scores were determined pre- and post-treatment at each visit.Results: Supplementation of <i>Ginkgo biloba</i>, along with antioxidants, provided marked improvement (<i>p</i><0.05) in post-treatment THI and VAS scores in the T2 group compared to those in the T1 and T0 groups. The greatest (<i>p</i><0.05) percent difference was observed in the pre- and post-treatment THI (-36%) and VAS scores (-22.6%) of T2 patients. Likewise, the SF-36 scores improved significantly (<i>p</i><0.05) in the T2 group in varied parameters.Conclusions: <i>Ginkgo biloba</i>, along with antioxidants, can be a promising therapy for tinnitus patients, providing marked improvement in THI, VAS, and SF-36 scores.
FIXED POINT THEOREMS IN MENGER SPACES AND APPLICATIONS TO METRIC SPACES
Chauhan, Sunny,Kumar, Suneel The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2012 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.30 No.5
In this paper, we prove common fixed point theorems for occasionally weakly compatible maps in Menger spaces with a continuous t-norm of H-type. As application to our results, we obtain the corresponding fixed point theorems in metric spaces. Our results improve and generalize many known results in Menger spaces as well as in metric spaces.
Soluble expression of horseradish peroxidase in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and its facile activation
Chauhan, Sushma,Kang, Taek Jin Elsevier 2018 Journal of bioscience and bioengineering Vol.126 No.4
<P>Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is widely used as a marker enzyme in immunoassays and biosensors, and can possibly be used in industries such as waste water treatments or fine chemical synthesis. Cost-effective production of active HRP is thus very important in the related fields. Also, engineering of HRP for its better performance in the designated application is expected to make the enzyme even more important in several areas of research and industry. One of obstacles to this end and to the large scale production of the enzyme has been its facile expression in a bacterial host. Here we show that HRP could be overexpressed as a soluble form by fusing the enzyme with <I>Escherichia coli</I> phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK). After simple incubation with calcium ion, hemin, and oxidized glutathione, PGK-HRP could be fully activated showing a higher molar specific activity than plant-derived HRP. Our established procedure did not use tedious and inefficient refolding steps that have been used to activate HRP produced as inclusion bodies and thus is superior in its overall yield (>72 mg purified HRP conjugate per L culture) to existing methods. By co-expressing PGK-HRP with ferrochelatase in a special host that permitted the formation of disulfide bonds in the cytoplasm, the activation steps could be simplified even though the resulting specific activity was low.</P>
Chauhan, Ripudaman Singh,Rajesh, S.K Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2020 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.10 No.3
Allergic Rhinitis (AR) is an IgE (immunoglobin-E) mediated inflammatory condition of upper respiratory tract; main clinical features involve runny nose, sneezing, nasal obstruction, itching and watery eyes. AR is a global problem and has large variations in incidences, currently affects up to 20% - 40% of the population worldwide. It may not be a life-threatening disease per se but indisposition from the condition can be severe and has the potential to adversely affect the daily functioning of life. Classical yoga literature indicates that, components of yoga have been used to treat numerous inflammatory conditions including upper respiratory tract. A few yoga intervention studies reported improvement in lung capacity, Nasal air flow and symptoms of allergic rhinitis. This review examined various anti-inflammatory pathways mediated through Yoga that include downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines. The hypothalaminic-pitutary-adrenal (HPA) axis and vagal efferent stimulation has been reported to mediate anti-inflammatory effect. A significant reduction is also reported in other inflammatory biomarkers like- TNF-alpha, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), plasma CRP and Cortisol level. Neti, a yogic nasal cleansing technique, reported beneficial effect on AR by direct physical cleansing of thick mucus, allergens, and inflammatory mediator from nasal mucosa resulting in improved ciliary beat frequency. We do not find any study showing effect of yoga on neurogenic inflammation. In summary, Integrated Yoga Therapy may have beneficial effect in reducing symptoms and improving quality of life for patients with allergic rhinitis. Yoga may reduce inflammation through mediating neuro-endocrino-immunological network. Future studies are needed to explore the mechanism how yoga might modulate immune inflammation cascade and neurogenic inflammation at the cellular level in relevance to allergic rhinitis; the effects of kriyas (yogic cleansing techniques) also need to be evaluated in early and late phase of AR. So the proposed model could guide future research.
FIXED POINT THEOREMS IN MENGER SPACES USING AN IMPLICIT RELATION
Chauhan, Sunny,Khan, M. Alamgir,Pant, B.D. The Honam Mathematical Society 2013 호남수학학술지 Vol.35 No.4
In 2008, Al-Thaga and Shahzad [Generalized I-nonexpansive selfmaps and invariant approximations, Acta Math. Sinica, 24(5) (2008), 867-876] introduced the notion of occasionally weakly compatible mappings in metric spaces. In this paper, we prove some common fixed point theorems for families of occasionally weakly compatible mappings in Menger spaces using an implicit relation. We also give an illustrative example to support our main result.
Development of In Vitro Produced Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Embryos in Relation to Time
Chauhan, M.S.,Singla, S.K.,Palta, P.,Manik, R.S.,Tomer, O.S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1998 Animal Bioscience Vol.11 No.4
The objective of the present study was to examine the developmental rates, and the stage of development in relation to time since fertilization, of in vitro produced buffalo embryos. Buffalo cumulus-oocyte complexes obtained from slaughterhouse ovaries were matured and fertilized in vitro. The fertilized oocytes (n = 248) were then co-cultured with buffalo oviductal epithelial cells and evaluated for the developmental stages on Days 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 post-insemination. The peak of 4-cell stage embryos was observed on Day 2 (63.7 %), whereas Day 4 was marked by peaks of 6-8-cell stage embryos (20.9%) and 16-cell stage embryos to early morulae (50%). On Days 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 post-insemination, 49.5, 48.3, 38.3, 33.8 and 33.4% embryos were found to be at morula/compact morula stages, 8.8, 12.5, 25.4, 6.0 and 1.2% at early blastocyst/blastocyst stages, 0, 6.8, 7.2, 15.3 and 2.0% at expanded blastocyst stage and 0, 1.6, 4.8, 19.3 and 38.5% hatching/hatched blastocyst stages, respectively. The peaks of early blastocyst/blastocyst, expanded blastocyst and hatching/hatched blastocyst stages were observed on Days 8, 9 and 10, respectively. The percentages of oocytes which initially became arrested and subsequently degenerated were 3.6, 4.8, 10.4, 14.5, 21.3 and 24.5% on Days 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 post-insemination, respectively.
Chauhan, Puneet Singh,Shagol, Charlotte C.,Yim, Woo-Jong,Tipayno, Sherlyn C.,Kim, Chang-Gi,Sa, Tong-Min Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer 2011 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.44 No.1
Various environmental ecosystems are valuable sources for microbial ecology studies, and their analyses using recently developed molecular ecological approaches have drawn significant attention within the scientific community. Changes in the microbial community structures due to various anthropogenic activities can be evaluated by various culture-independent methods e.g. ARISA, DGGE, SSCP, T-RFLP, clone library, pyrosequencing, etc. Direct amplification of total community DNA and amplification of most conserved region (16S rRNA) are common initial steps, followed by either fingerprinting or sequencing analysis. Fingerprinting methods are relatively quicker than sequencing analysis in evaluating the changes in the microbial community. Being an efficient, sensitive and time- and cost effective method, T-RFLP is regularly used by many researchers to access the microbial diversity. Among various fingerprinting methods T-RFLP became an important tool in studying the microbial community structure because of its sensitivity and reproducibility. In this present review, we will discuss the important developments in T-RFLP methodology to distinguish the total microbial diversity and community composition in the various ecosystems.