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Moon, Changjong,Ahn, Meejung,Jeong, Chanwoo,Kim, Heechul,Shin, Taekyun Informa Healthcare 2011 Immunological investigations Vol.40 No.2
<P>To investigate whether netrin-1 is involved in autoimmune injury of the central nervous system, the expression of netrin-1 protein was analyzed in the spinal cord of Lewis rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Western blot analysis revealed significantly increased content of netrin-1 in the spinal cords of rats at the peak stage of EAE, as compared with the levels in normal control animals (p < 0.01). Immunohistochemistry detected the netrin-1 protein in neurons, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes and vascular endothelial cells in the spinal cords of normal controls. In EAE-affected spinal cords, netrin-1 immunoreactivity was detected in infiltrating inflammatory cells at the peak stage as well as in neurons, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes. These results suggest that netrin-1 is transiently increased in rat EAE lesions, where it contributes to the modulation of rat acute EAE.</P>
Infrared-sensitive pit organ and trigeminal ganglion in the crotaline snakes
Changjong Moon 대한해부학회 2011 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.44 No.1
The infrared (IR) receptors in the pit organ of crotaline snakes are very sensitive to temperature. The sensitivity to IR radiation is much greater in crotaline snakes than in boid snakes because they have a thermosensitive membrane suspended in a pair of pits that comprise the pit organ. The vasculature of the pit membrane, which is located near IR-sensitive terminal nerve masses, the IR receptors, supplies the blood necessary to provide cooling and the energy and oxygen that the IR receptors require. The ophthalmic and maxillary branches of the trigeminal nerve innervate the pit membrane. In crotaline snakes, the trigeminal ganglion (TG) is divided into the ophthalmic and maxillomandibular ganglia; a prominent septum further separates the two divisions of the maxillomandibular ganglion. The TG neurons in the ophthalmic ganglion and the maxillary division of the maxillomandibular ganglion relay IR sensation to the brain. This article reviews the IR-sensitive pit organ and trigeminal sensory system structures in crotaline snakes.
Moon, Changjong,Shin, Taekyun The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2004 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.44 No.3
Ischemia/reperfusion(I/R) injury of the rat testis causes germ cell death and infiltration of inflammatory cells. To investigate the mechanism of germ cell death in torsion of the rat testis, apoptosis and macrophage activation were studied using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling(TUNEL) method and immunohistochemistry in the testes of Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to 1.5 h of ischemia, followed by 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 96 h of reperfusion. Apoptotic, TUNEL-positive cells were found at the base of the seminiferous epithelia after I/R. TUNEL-positive cells were significantly increased 6 h after repair of the torsion, and there was a significant peak in apoptosis 24 h after reperfusion, as compared with normal or sham-operated controls. In contrast, histological evidence of germ cell necrosis in the seminiferous tubules was first visible 24 h after reperfusion. In the testis of sham-operated rats, ED2-positive resident macrophages were found diffusely in the interstitial space, while ED1-positive monocyte-like macrophages were rarely found. After I/R, ED1-positive cells were significantly increased beginning 12 h after reperfusion, while ED2-positive immunoreactivity did not change during the experimental period. Together, the results of this study confirmed that increased numbers of ED1-positive macrophages, but not resident ED2-positive macrophages, infiltrated the interstitial space surrounding damaged tubules and induced germcell death.
Immunohistochemical Study of Cathepsin D in the Spinal Cords of Rats with Clip Compression Injury
MOON, Changjong,LEE, Tae-Ki,KIM, Heechul,AHN, Meejung,LEE, Yongduk,KIM, Moon Doo,SIM, Ki-Bum,SHIN, Taekyun Japanese Society of Veterinary Science 2008 The Journal of veterinary medical science Vol.70 No.9
<P>This study examined the temporal expression of cathepsin D protein and its cellular localization in the spinal cords of rats after a clip compression injury to determine the involvement of cathepsin D in spinal cord injury (SCI). Western blot analysis showed a significant increase in the ~31-kDa active form of cathepsin D on days 4 and 7 after the SCI, while the level of the ~44-kDa inactive form remained relatively unchanged. Immunohistochemistry revealed cathepsin D with constitutive localization in most neurons and some gliocytes in the normal spinal cord to be intensely immuno-detected primarily in CD68-positive activated macrophages/microglia in the SCI lesions. Overall, these findings suggest that cathepsin D plays an important role in the phagocytosis and lysosomal activation of macrophages/microglia during the central nervous system inflammation caused by trauma.</P>
Moon, Changjong,Lee, Yongduk,Shin, Taekyun The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2004 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.44 No.4
The expression of nestin and vimentin in the spinal nerve roots of rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was studied to ascertain whether Schwann cells in the peripheral nerves respond to acute central nervous system autoimmune injury. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that nestin was constitutively expressed in the dorsal roots of spinal nerves in control rats; its expression was enhanced in the spinal nerve roots of rats with EAE. Vimentin expression was weak in control rat spinal nerve roots, and it was increased in the dorsal roots of rats with EAE. It is postulated that normal animals have multipotent progenitor cells that constitutively express nestin and vimentin in the spinal nerve roots. In response to an injury of the central nervous system, these multipotent Schwann cells are activated in the spinal nerve roots through the expression of the intermediate filament proteins vimentin and nestin.
Expression of Phospholipase D Isozymes in Mouse Lungs during Postnatal Development
MOON, Changjong,JEONG, Jinwoo,SHIN, Min Kyoung,MIN, Do Sik,SHIN, Taekyun Japanese Society of Veterinary Science 2009 The Journal of veterinary medical science Vol.71 No.7
<P>The expression level of phospholipase D (PLD) was examined in the lungs of mice during postnatal development. Immunoprecipitation analysis revealed a moderate basal level of PLD1 in the lungs at postnatal 1 week, with a gradual increase occurring until week 4. The pattern of PLD2 paralleled that of PLD1, although the quantity of PLD2 was markedly less. PLD was immunostained in the most bronchiolar epithelium, some pulmonary macrophages and alveolar cells at postnatal week 1, with increased immunoreactivity in those cells with lung development at postnatal week 4. These findings suggest that the increase of PLD expression is associated with pulmonary alveolarization, possibly by involvement in cell proliferation and differentiation during postnatal mouse lung development.</P>
Proactive strategy for long-term biological research aimed at low-dose radiation risk in Korea
Seong, Ki Moon,Kwon, TaeWoo,Park, Jina,Youn, BuHyun,Cha, Hyuk-Jin,Kim, Yonghwan,Moon, Changjong,Lee, Seung-Sook,Jin, Young Woo Informa UK (Taylor Francis) 2018 International journal of radiation biology Vol.94 No.7
Jong-Sik Jang, Changjong Moon, Jong-Choon Kim, Uhee Jung, Sung-Kee Jo, Sung-Ho Kim 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2014 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.15 No.2
An evidence suggests that even low-dose irradiation can lead to progressive cognitive decline as well as memory deficits in both humans and experimental animals in part due to hippocampal dysfunction. To determine whether or not green tea (GT) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) could attenuate memory impairment as well as suppress hippocampal neurogenesis, passive avoidance and object recognition memory test as well as TUNEL assay and immunohistochemical detection with markers of neurogenesis (Ki-67 and doublecortin (DCX)) were performed using adult mice treated with relatively low-dose gamma irradiation (2.0 Gy). GT was administered intraperitonially at a dosage of 50 mg/kg of body weight at 36 and 12 hr pre-irradiation and at 30 minutes post-irradiation, or orally at a dosage of 250 mg/kg of body weight/day for 7 days before autopsy. EGCG (25 mg/kg of body weight) was administered intraperitonially at 36 and 12 hr pre-irradiation and at 30 minutes post-irradiation. In the passive avoidance and object recognition memory test, mice trained for 1 day after acute irradiation (2 Gy) showed significant memory deficits compared with sham controls. The number of TUNEL-positive apoptotic nuclei in the dentate gyrus increased by 12 h after irradiation. In addition, the numbers of Ki-67- and DCX-positive cells significantly decreased. GT treatment prior to irradiation attenuated memory defects, blocked apoptotic death, as well as reduced the number of DCX-positive cells. Therefore, GT may attenuate memory defects in adult mice exposed to a relatively low dose of radiation possibly by inhibiting the detrimental effects of irradiation on hippocampal neurogenesis.