Effect of Cumulative Dexamethasone Dose during Concomitant Chemoradiation on Lymphopenia in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma

( Changik Lee ),( Stephen Ahn ),( Jae-sung Park ),( Jin Ho Song ),( Yong-kil Hong ),( Sin-soo Jeun ) 대한뇌종양학회 대한신경종양학회 2020 Brain Tumor Research and Treatment Vol.8 No.2

Background Lymphopenia frequently occurs after concomitant chemoradiation (CCRT) in patients with glioblastoma (GBM) and is associated with worse overall survival (OS). A few studies have tried to identify risk factors for lymphopenia; however, the results were not clear. We aimed to identify potential risk factors for lymphopenia, focusing on the use of dexamethasone to control cerebral edema in patients with GBM. Methods The electronic medical records of 186 patients with newly diagnosed GBM treated at our institution between 2009 and 2017 were retrospectively examined. Acute lymphopenia was defined as total lymphocyte count less than 1,000 cells/μL at 4 weeks after completion of CCRT. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for lymphopenia, and Cox regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for OS. Results Of the 125 eligible patients, 40 patients (32.0%) developed acute lymphopenia. Female sex and median daily dexamethasone dose ≥2 mg after initiation of CCRT were independent risk factors for acute lymphopenia on multivariate analysis. Acute lymphopenia, extent of surgical resection, and performance status were associated with OS; however, dexamethasone use itself was not an independent risk factor for poor OS. Conclusion Female sex, median daily dexamethasone dose ≥2 mg after initiation of CCRT until 4 weeks after completion of CCRT may be associated with acute lymphopenia. However, dexamethasone use itself did not affect OS in patients newly diagnosed with GBM. These results should be validated by further prospective studies controlling for other confounding factors.

Chronic Craniofacial Pain from Entrapment of the Greater Occipital Nerve Misdiagnosed as Chronic Migraine, Idiopathic Odontalgia, and Atypical Facial Pain

Changik Lee,Son Byung Chul 대한말초신경학회 2019 The Nerve Vol.5 No.2

Although the cause of occipital neuralgia is mostly unknown, entrapment of the greater occipital nerve (GON) at its piercing point of the tendinous aponeurotic attachment of the trapezius at the superior nuchal line has been reported to be the most common cause. We report an occurrence of unilateral facial pain associated with continuous aching and stabbing headache in the frontotemporal and occipital regions in a patient whose occipital neuralgia has lasted for years. These symptoms were completely different from those of typical occipital neuralgia, making diagnosis very difficult. A 52-year-old male patient with a 6-year history of intermittent stabbing pain in his right suboccipital area presented with an unremitting continuous pain in his right frontotemporal and malar areas that lasted 5 months. The aching and stabling pain in his frontotemporal and malar areas developed suddenly 5 months prior to presentation. Although he was treated after visiting neurology, dentistry, opthalmology, ENT, and pain clinic, the pain was not controlled. It spread to right periorbital and right occipital areas. At 3 months following decompression of the right GON, he reported no more pain and was able to stop the medication. Until 12 months after the operation, his craniofacial pain did not recur.

Paralysis of the Upper Extremity Due to Acute Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Caused by the Subclavius Posticus Muscle: A Case Report With Literature Review

Dongkwan Lee,Changik Lee,Byung-Chul Son 대한신경손상학회 2022 Korean Journal of Neurotrauma Vol.18 No.2

The subclavius posticus muscle is a rare aberrant muscle that traverses from the costal cartilage of the first rib posterolaterally to the superior border of the scapula. We report a patient having persistent paralysis of shoulder abduction with wrist and finger extension after a humeral neck fracture. Electromyography (EMG) examination revealed injuries to several upper extremity peripheral nerves, including the radial, axillary, and musculocutaneous nerves. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed at 10 months post-injury showed severe entrapment of the left brachial plexus by the subclavius posticus muscle at the thoracic outlet. The diagnosis of brachial plexus injury due to a rare abnormal subclavius posticus muscle was typically delayed until the MRI was performed for unexplained multiple peripheral nerve palsy. Resection of the aberrant muscle and brachial plexus decompression did not yield significant improvement in the patient’s radial nerve palsy until 6 months after surgery. Entrapment of the brachial plexus caused by the subclavius posticus muscle can cause symptoms of acute thoracic outlet syndrome following trauma to the upper extremity. In a case of inexplicable multiple peripheral nerve injuries in the upper extremity that are not proportional to the degree of trauma, MRI imaging along with EMG is required.

Water-head pumps provide precise and fast microfluidic pumping and switching versus syringe pumps

Kim, Changik,Hwang, Dae Hyun,Lee, Sangyoon,Kim, Sung-Jin Springer-Verlag 2016 MICROFLUIDICS AND NANOFLUIDICS Vol.20 No.1

A New Approach for High Quality Metal Oxide Semiconductor Schottky Diode via Physical Interface Modification

Donggun Lee,Jun-Woo Park,Changik Im,Youn Sang Kim 한국진공학회 2020 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2020 No.2

영상 콘텐츠 음폭과 화면비의 상관관계에 관한 연구

이승환(Lee, Seunghwan),권혁민(Kwon, Hyeokmin),은창익(Eun, Changik),권혁민(Kwon, Hyeokmin) 한국디자인지식학회 2011 디자인지식저널 Vol.20 No.-

영상콘텐츠는 영상과 사운드 크게 두 가지의 조화를 통해 메시지를 전달하게 된다. IT기술이 발달함에 따라 동영상 제작을 쉽게 접하게 되고 제작물도 많아지고 있다. 이에 영상물 제작에서 화면과 음폭의 관계성을 분석하였다. 황금비의 대표적인 르 꼬르뷔제의 모률러의 황금비를 기초로 하여 화면비에 맞는 모듈을 도출 하였고 도출된 모듈을 토대로 국내ㆍ외 영상물에 대한 화면비율과 사운드의 음폭 높낮이에 따른 영상 변화를 분석하였다. 음폭 변화에 따른 영상 콘텐츠 상의 인물과 배경 전환이 어떻게 이루어지는지를 음폭 스펙트럼과 영상화면을 캡처하여 비교 분석하였더니 고음의 영역에서는 화면의 전환이 많았고 저음부에서는 화면의 전환이 적었다. 본 연구에서는 영상콘텐츠 제작자들이 영상물을 제작하는 데 있어 기본적인 모듈을 제시하고 향후 제작하는 데 도움 될 수 있기를 기대해 본다. Largely, video contents deliver messages based on the combination of images and sound. The development of information technology has made the video production easier and the number of products increases. So this paper aimed to analyze the correlation between screen and range of sound in video production. A module that fits the picture ratio was derived based on the golden ratio of Modulor of Le Corbusier. With this module, the changes of video according to picture ratios and range of sound in domestic and international video materials were analyzed. Changes of characters and backgrounds in video contents according to changes of range of sound were comparatively analyzed based on the captured screens and spectrums of sound range, and then we found that in the range of high-pitched tone. the conversion of screen is frequently occurred but seldom in the range of low-pitched tone. This paper is expected to present basic modules for video contents producers and help them with their production activities.

A Study on the Change of Wire Feeding Speed in GTA Welding (Ⅱ) - Development of Weld Bead Shape Prediction Model -

Daekyu Park,Changik Lee,박영환 대한용접접합학회 2023 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.41 No.3

Throughout the GTA welding (GTAW) process, bead width (Bw), bead height (Bh), penetration depth (Dp), and metal transfer modes change in accordance with welding current and wire feeding speed. Various processes employing GTAW include text marking welding systems that have bead width and bead height as the main management items, and some such processes require sufficiently complete penetration. It is judged that there will also be a metal transfer type advantageous for welding the first layer of the pipe root gap. Accordingly, a bead shape prediction model in GTAW has been proposed according to changes in welding current and wire feeding speed, wherein the bead shape change and metal transfer change interval are presented for the heat input ratio (HIR) change.

중학생들의 과학에 대한 태도와 학습 인식 및 전략 분석

강창익(Kang, changik),이상칠(Lee, Sangchil),강경희(Kang, Kyunghee) 성신여자대학교 교육문제연구소 2014 교육연구 Vol.59 No.-

이 연구의 목적은 중학생들의 과학에 대한 태도와 과학 학습 인식 및 과학 학습 전략에 대해 알아보기 위한 것이다. 또한 각 하위 요소들간의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 이 연구는 중학생 139명을 대상으로 이루어졌다. 조사에는 33개 문항으로 이루어진 과학 흥미도 검사지를 활용하였다. 조사 결과 중학생들의 과학에 대한 태도는 평균 2.85점이었고, 과학 학습 인식은 평균 2.81점, 과학 학습 전략은 평균 3.05점으로 나타났다. 과학에 대한 태도의 하위 요소 중 '도구적 동기 유발'이 평균 3.06점으로 가장 높았고, '과학에 대한 즐거움'은 평균 2.52점으로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 과학 학습 인식과 관련한 하위 요소 중 '자아개념/자신감' 평균은 2.76점으로 학생들이 과학 학습에 대한 자신감이 상대적으로 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 과학 학습 전략에 관한 하위 요소들을 비교한 결과 학생들은 정교화, 반복/암기, 통제 유형의 학습 전략을 비교적 고르게 활용하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 상관관계 분석 결과 과학에 대한 흥미와 도구적 동기 유발간에 가장 높은 상관관계를 나타내었다. The purpose of this study was to investigate middle school students' science learning strategy and perception, attitude toward science. Also it was to analyze correlation among sub-components. The subjects were 139 middle school students. The science interest questionnaire consisted 33 items was used in this survey. In the results of this research, the mean score of attitudes toward science was 2.85 point, the mean score of science learning perception was 2.81 point, the mean score of science learning strategy was 3.05 point. The mean score of instrumental motivation was highest and the mean score of pleasure toward science was lowest in sub-components analysis of attitudes toward science. The mean score of self-concept/confidence was 2.76 point in sub-components analysis of science learning perception. This showed that students' confidence on science learning was low. The students were were used evenly elaboration, repetition/memorization, control learning strategies. In the results of correlation analysis, correlation between interest and instrumental motivation was highest.

The Healthcare Costs of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in South Korea: A Retrospective Claims Database Study

Tae-Jin Lee,Dae Young Zang,Changik Jo,Sang Min Park,Woonjung Choi 서울대학교 보건환경연구소 2010 보건학논집 Vol.47 No.1

Superficial Peroneal Nerve Entrapment Causing Chronic Pain in the Foot: A Case Report

Kim Jaehwan,Changik Lee,Son Byung Chul 대한말초신경학회 2021 The Nerve Vol.7 No.2

The superficial peroneal nerve (SPN) supplies sensory innervation to the lower two-thirds of the lateral leg and the dorsum of the foot, with the exception of the first web space. Therefore, isolated entrapment of the SPN results in pain and sensory deficit of the dorsum of the foot or lateral lower leg without corresponding weakness of the peroneus muscle. Although entrapment of the SPN passing from the subfacial to the subcutaneous tissue in the peroneal tunnel was discovered as early as 1954, there were few reports of treatment of SPN entrapment. We report a case of a 73-year-old patient who presented with chronic numbness and allodynia of a 2-year duration due to entrapment of the SPN. Characteristic pain distribution and presentation of the symptoms were essential in preoperative diagnosis of SPN entrapment. The SPN and its branches were addressed in the peroneal tunnel and their courses were completely decompressed during the operation. Two months after the surgery, tingling pain and allodynia were recovered completely.