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Cen Qian, LeiWang,FangWang,Bao-Jian Zhu,Guo-Qing Wei,Sheng Li,Chao-Liang Liu,Lei Wang 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.1
Apolipophorin-III (ApoLp-III) is involved in lipid transport and innate immunity in insects. In this study, we isolated ApoLp-III gene (As-ApoLp-III) cDNA fromActias selene Hübner (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). It contained 660 nucleotides with a putative open reading frame (ORF) of 561 bp encoding 186 amino acid residues. It showed similarities with ApoLp-III proteins from other insect species, especially Antheraea pernyi. The recombinant protein of As-ApoLp-III was expressed in Escherichia coli, and anti-As-ApoLp-III antibodies were prepared. The As-ApoLp-III gene was expressed at high levels in the fat body and integument, and at low levels in the hemolymph, testis, silk gland, malpighian tubule, ovary, and midgut. As-ApoLp-III gene can be upregulated by E. coli, Micrococcus luteus, Beauveria bassiana, and nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) and showed a greater sensitivity for gram-negative bacteria and fungi than for gram-positive bacteria and virus. These data indicated that As-ApoLp-III may play an important role in innate immune responses of Actias selene.
Cen Qian,Kunzhang Lin,Baojian Zhu,Chao-Liang Liu,Lei Wang,Ya Liu,Dan Liang,PeiWang,Guo-Qing Wei 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.2
C-Type lectins (CTLs) are carbohydrate-recognition proteins and play critical roles in innate immunity. In this study, we characterized a CTL fromAntheraea pernyi, named ApCTL,which has two carbohydrate-recognition domains (CRDs). A fragment of 1017 bp cDNA of ApCTL was isolated, which constituted 927 bp open reading frame (ORF), and it encoded putative protein of 308 amino acids. The recombinant protein of ApCTL was expressed in Escherichia coli, and anti-ApCTL antibodieswere prepared. ApCTL genewas constitutively expressed in a variety of tissueswhile it showed a higher expression level in fat body than other tissues. Protein andmRNAlevels of ApCTL in fat body and hemolymph were elevated upon nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) and E. coli challenges. Recombinant ApCTL increased the agglutination of E. coli in a Ca2+-dependent manner and had the bacteriolytic activity on E. coli. Our results suggested that ApCTLmay play critical roles in pathogen recognition and could be involved in the innate immunity of A. pernyi.
Pyrolysis of wood species based on the compositional analysis
Qian Liu,Kaige Wang,Zhongyang Luo,Kefa Cen,Shurong Wang 한국화학공학회 2009 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.26 No.2
Based on the Van Soest method, the components in Chinese fir and fast-growing poplar were quantified, and the fiber present was separated into three fractions: neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and strong acid detergent fiber. Microstructure of the fibers was investigated by a Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. Cellulose and hemicellulose both represent the characteristics of polysaccharides, while lignin has dissimilar structure. Pyrolysis of fir, poplar and the detergent fibers was carried out on a thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with FTIR spectrometry. After the removal of extractives and soluble minerals, pyrolysis of NDF shows the haracteristics of the three main components. Hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, acids, alcohols and others are generated due to the primary pyrolysis of hemicellulose and cellulose in single stages. Phenols and alcohols are the dominant volatiles released from pyrolysis of lignin in two successive stages, respectively.
Li-Shang Dai,Cen Qian, LeiWang,Guo-Qing Wei,Qiu-Ning Liu,Yu Sun,Cong-Fen Zhang,Jun Li,Dong-Ran Liu,Bao-Jian Zhu,Chao-Liang Liu 한국응용곤충학회 2015 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.18 No.4
Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are conserved proteins in animals from insects to mammals and play an important role in immune response by recognizing peptidoglycan on microbial surfaces. In this study, a PGRP gene from Antheraea pernyi, named Ap-PGRP-A, was isolated and characterized. Sequence analysis revealed that the full-length cDNA of Ap-PGRP-A was 961 bp, containing a 40 bp 5′-untranslated sequence, a 339 bp 3′-untranslated region and an open reading frame of 582 bp. This gene encoded a putative protein of 193 amino acid residues. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Ap-PGRP-A had the closest protein sequence similarity to Antheraea mylitta PGRP. The recombinant protein was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli cells and a rabbit anti-Ap-PGRP-A antibody was also prepared. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed that Ap-PGRP-A was extensively expressed in the fat body, midgut, hemocyte,malpighian tubule and epidermis of A. pernyi, especially in the fat body and midgut. The expression levels of Ap-PGRP-A were significantly up-regulated by three types of microorganisms, and Ap-PGRP-A expression was more sensitive in response to the Gram-negative bacterium E. coli than the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis or the fungus Beauveria bassiana. These data indicate that Ap-PGRP-A may play a role in the innate immune responses of A. pernyi.
Dual-Responsive Shape Memory and Thermally Reconfigurable Reduced Graphene Oxide-Vitrimer Composites
Guo-kang Chen,Kun Wu,Qian Zhang,Yan-cen Shi,Man-geng Lu 한국고분자학회 2019 Macromolecular Research Vol.27 No.6
In this paper, we have prepared shape memory reduced graphene oxidevitrimer composites via in situ reduction of graphene oxide (GO) during the curing reaction. Because of good compatibility between GO and epoxy resin, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has a good dispersion in the epoxy matrix. Conventional thermoset shape memory polymers can only maintain one permanent shape, while these obtained composites can be randomly reconfigured into other shapes via dynamic covalent transesterification reaction at 200 °C above transesterification temperature (TV). They can recover quickly from fixed shapes to their initial shapes with shape fixity ratio higher than 95% and shape recovery ratio higher than 97%. Besides, the rGO-vitrimers show good mechanical properties and thermal stabilities. In addition, sequent nearinfrared (NIR) irradiation can control the shape recovery, because rGO can serve as an energy convertor to convert NIR irradiation into thermal energy.