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China Spallation Neutron Source: Accelerator Design Iterations and R&D Status
J. Wei,C.-D. Deng,C.-H. Wang,C.-T. Shi,H. Sun,H.-F. Ouyang,H.-M. Qu,H.-Y. Dong,J. Li,J. Zhang,J.-S. Cao,J.-Y. Tang,L. Dong,L.-L. Wang,Q. Qin,Q.-B. Wang,S. Wang,S.-N. Fu,S.-X Fang,T. -G. Xu,W. Kang,Y.- 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.50 No.I
The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is a high-power, accelerator-based project currently under preparation. The accelerator complex consists of an H$^-$ ion source, an H$^-$ linac, a rapid-cycling proton synchrotron, and the transport lines. During the past year, the design of most accelerator systems went through major iterations, and initial research and developments was started on the prototyping of several key components.
Direct observation of asymmetric domain wall motion in a ferroelectric capacitor
Lee, J.K.,Shin, G.Y.,Song, K.,Choi, W.S.,Shin, Y.A.,Park, S.Y.,Britson, J.,Cao, Y.,Chen, L.Q.,Lee, H.N.,Oh, S.H. Elsevier Science 2013 ACTA MATERIALIA Vol.61 No.18
We report in situ transmission electron microscopy observations of the 180<SUP>o</SUP> polarization switching process of a PbZr<SUB>0.2</SUB>Ti<SUB>0.8</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> (PZT) capacitor. The preferential, but asymmetric, nucleation and forward growth of switched c-domains were observed at the PZT/electrode interfaces, arising due to the built-in electric field induced at each interface. The subsequent sideways growth of the switched domains was inhibited by the depolarization field due to the imperfect charge compensation at the counter-electrode and also at the boundaries with preexisting a-domains, which contributed further to the asymmetric switching behavior. It was found that the preexisting a-domains split into fine a- and c-domains constituting a 90<SUP>o</SUP> stripe domain pattern during the 180<SUP>o</SUP> polarization switching process, revealing that these domains also actively participated in the out-of-plane polarization switching. The real-time observations uncovered the origin of the switching asymmetry and further clarified the importance of charged domain walls and the interfaces with electrodes in the ferroelectric switching processes.
A self-assembled amphiphilic imidazolium-based ATP probe
Zhu, J. H.,Yu, C.,Chen, Y.,Shin, J.,Cao, Q. Y.,Kim, J. unknown 2017 Chemical communications Vol. No.
<P>A novel amphiphilic imidazolium-based probe containing a dansyl fluorophore and a long cetyl chain has been developed for ATP recognition. The probe forms self-assembled micelle-like aggregates at low concentration in its aqueous solution and can selectively recognize ATP among other bioactive anions with a significant enhancement in fluorescence emission.</P>
Wang, Y.M.,Wang, J.H.,Wang, C.,Wang, J.K.,Chen, B.,Liu, J.X.,Cao, H.,Guo, F.C. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.10
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary antioxidant and energy density on performance and antioxidative status in transition cows. Forty cows were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments in a $2{\times}2$ factorial design. High or low energy density diets (1.43 or 1.28 Mcal $NE_L$/kg DM, respectively) were formulated with or without antioxidant (AOX, a dry granular blend of ethoxyquin and tertiary-butylhydroquinone; 0 or 5 g/cow per d). These diets were fed to cows for 21 days pre-partum. During the post-partum period, all cows were fed the same lactation diets, and AOX treatment followed as for the pre-partum period. Feeding a high energy diet depressed the DMI, milk yield, and 4% fat-corrected milk (FCM) of cows. However, AOX inclusion in the diet improved the milk and 4% FCM yields. There was an interaction of energy density by AOX on milk protein, milk fat and total solids contents. Feeding a high energy diet pre-partum increased plasma glucose and ${\beta}$-hydroxybutyrate, whereas dietary AOX decreased plasma ${\beta}$-hydroxybutyrate value during the transition period. There were also interactions between time and treatment for plasma glutathione peroxidase activity and malondialdehyde content during the study. Cows fed high energy diets pre-partum had higher plasma glutathione peroxidase activity 3 days prior to parturition, compared with those on low energy diets. Inclusion of AOX in diets decreased plasma glutathione peroxidase activity in cows 3 and 10 days pre-partum. Addition of AOX significantly decreased malondialdehyde values at calving. Energy density induced marginal changes in fatty acid composition in the erythrocyte membrane 3 days post-partum, while AOX only significantly increased cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid composition. The increase in fluidity of the erythrocyte membrane was only observed in the high energy treatment. It is suggested that a diet containing high energy density pre-partum may negatively affect the anti-oxidative status, DMI and subsequent performance. Addition of AOX may improve the anti-oxidative status and reduce plasma ${\beta}$-hydroxybutyrate, eventually resulting in improved lactation performance; the response to AOX addition was more pronounced on the high energy diet.
Analysis of the toroidal HVDC grounding systems in horizontal multilayer soils
Zou, J.,Liu, Y.Q.,Yuan, J.S.,He, J.L.,Cao, L.,Lee, J.,Chang, S. IEEE 2006 IEEE transactions on magnetics Vol.42 No.4
<P>A Fredholm integral equation of the first kind has been developed for analyzing the performance of the toroidal high-voltage direct current (HVDC) grounding system buried in the horizontal multilayer soil. The method of moment is used to solve the equations. The formulation of potential in the earth due to a circular current is proposed in closed form by means of conception of the complex resistivity and depth, which leads to the saving of the computational time greatly. The numerical results show the good agreements with those in other papers and the measured data</P>