Rebamipide attenuates Helicobacter pylori CagA-induced self-renewal capacity via modulation of β-catenin signaling axis in gastric cancer-initiating cells

Kang, D.W.,Noh, Y.N.,Hwang, W.C.,Choi, K.Y.,Min, D.S. Pergamon Press 2016 Biochemical pharmacology Vol.113 No.-

<P>Rebamipide, a mucosal-protective agent, is used clinically for treatment of gastritis and peptic ulcers induced by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) which is associated with increased risk of gastric cancer. Although rebamipide is known to inhibit the growth of gastric cancer cells, the action mechanisms of rebamipide in gastric carcinogenesis remains elusive. Here, we show that rebamipide suppresses H. pylori CagA-induced beta-catenin and its target cancer-initiating cells (C-IC) marker gene expression via upregulation of miRNA-320a and -4496. Rebamipide attenuated in vitro self-renewal capacity of H. pylori CagA-infected gastric C-IC via modulation of miRNA-320a/-4496-beta-catenin signaling axis. Moreover, rebamipide enhanced sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs in CagA-expressed gastric C-IC. Furthermore, rebamipide suppressed tumor-initiating capacity of gastric C-IC, probably via suppression of CagA-induced C-IC properties. These data provide novel insights for the efficacy of rebamipide as a chemoprotective drug against H. pylori CagA-induced carcinogenic potential. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</P>

한우 육성빈우 (育成牝牛) 의 에너지와 단백질요구량 추정 1 . 대사시험에 의한 한우 육성빈우의 에너지와 단백질 요구량 결정

정연후(Y . H . Chung),이상철(S . C . Lee),강수원(S . W . Kang),정정수(C . S . Chung),정천용(C . Y . Chung) 한국축산학회 1992 한국축산학회지 Vol.34 No.5

Metabolism trial was carried out to estimate the energy and protein requirements for Korean native heifers. Nine heifer calves weighing about 150㎏ were randomly assigned into three target daily gains (0.2㎏, T₁; 0.6㎏, T₂; 0.8㎏, T₃) with interval of BW 50㎏ through BW 350㎏, aiming to estimate the energy and protein requirements. The amount of nutrient to be fed was based on NRC requirements (1984), and the ration consisted of hay, rice straw and grass silage as roughage source, and concentrate mixture. Average daily gains across body weight classes were 0.30(T₁), 0.62(T₂) and 0.67㎏(T₃), respectively. Except for crude fiber, digestibilities and nutritive values of experimental ration were increased with the increase of daily gain. As expected, nitrogen intake was significantly(P$lt;0.05) increased with the increase of daily gain, but there were no differences in digestible nitrogen intake and nitrogen retention between T₂ and T₃ group. Based on pooled data of body weight classes, nitrogen(N) and digestible nitrogen(DN) requirements were estimated as follows; N requirement(g/W^0.75/day) = 0.98+1.25DG-0.44DG² (R²=0.42**), DN requirement(g/W^0.75/day) = 0.40+1.19DG-0.24DG² (R²=0.49**) Metabolizable energy intake, heat production and energy retention tended to increase with the increase of daily gains, not with body weight, although there was no difference between T₂ and T₃ group. Energy losses expressed as % of gross energy(GE) intake was higest from feces(42.8%), followed by heat production(42.3%), and lowest from urine(2.0%). Total digestible nutrient(TDN), DE and ME requirements were as follows; TDN requirement(g/W^0.75/day) = 28.13+60.40DG-14.03DG² (R²=0.48**), DE requirement(㎉/W^0.75/day) = 134.34+ 220.59DG-71.90DG² (R²=0.54**), ME requirement(㎉/W^0.75/day) = 116.98+171.32DG-35.73DG²(R²=0.54**). Total digestible nutrient, DE and ME requirements for maintenance were 28.13g, 134.3㎉ and 116.98 ㎉/W^0.75/day, respectively. The estimated NEm requirement from the relationship between ME intake and heat production was 76.5㎉/W^0.75/day.

Ethanol extract of Prunus mume fruit attenuates hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis involving Nrf2/HO-1 activation in C2C12 myoblasts

Kang, J.S.,Kim, D.J.,Kim, G.Y.,Cha, H.J.,Kim, S.,Kim, H.S.,Park, C.,Hwang, H.J.,Kim, B.W.,Kim, C.M.,Choi, Y.H. Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacognosia 2016 Revista brasileira de farmacognosia Vol.26 No.2

<P>The fruit of the Prunus mume (Siebold) Siebold & Zucc., Rosaceae (Korean name: Maesil) has long been used as a health food or valuable medicinal material in traditional herb medicine in Southeast Asian countries. In this study, we determined the potential therapeutic efficacy of the ethanol extract of P. mume fruits (EEPM) against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the murine skeletal muscle myoblast cell line C2C12, and sought to understand the associated molecular mechanisms. The results indicated that exposure of C2C12 cells to H2O2 caused a reduction in cell viability by increasing the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and by disrupting mitochondrial membrane permeability, leading to DNA damage and apoptosis. However, pretreatment of the cells with EEPM before H2O2 exposure effectively attenuated these changes, suggesting that EEPM prevented H2O2-induced mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Furthermore, the increased ex-pression and phosphorylation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a phase II antioxidant enzyme, were detected in EEPM-treated C2C12 cells. We also found that zinc protoporphyrin IX, an HO-1 inhibitor, attenuated the protective effects of EEPM against H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species accumulation and cytotoxicity. Therefore, these results indicate that the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway might be involved in the protection of EEPM against H2O2-induced cellular oxidative damage. In conclusion, these results show that EEPM contributes to the prevention of oxidative damage and could be used as a nutritional agent for oxidative stress-related diseases. (C) 2016 Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacognosia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.</P>

An exploration of the antioxidant effects of garlic saponins in mouse-derived C2C12 myoblasts

Kang, J. S.,Kim, S. O.,Kim, G.-Y.,Hwang, H. J.,Kim, B. W.,Chang, Y.-C.,Kim, W.-J.,Kim, C. M.,Yoo, Y. H.,Choi, Y. H. Spandidos Publications 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE Vol.37 No.1

<P>In this study, we aimed to confirm the protective effects of garlic saponins against oxidative stress-induced cellular damage and to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms in mouse-derived C2C12 myoblasts. Relative cell viability was determined by 3-(4.5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2.5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Comet assay was used to measure DNA damage and oxidative stress was determined using 2 ',7 '-dichlorofluorescein diacetate to measure intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Western blot analysis and small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based knockdown were used in order to investigate the possible molecular mechanisms. Our results revealed that garlic saponins prevented hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced growth inhibition and exhibited scavenging activity against intracellular ROS. We also observed that garlic saponins prevented H2O2-induced comet tail formation and decreased the phosphorylation levels of gamma H2AX expression, suggesting that they can prevent H2O2-induced DNA damage. In addition, garlic saponins increased the levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a potent antioxidant enzyme associated with the induction and phosphorylation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the translocation of Nrf2 from the cytosol into the nucleus. However, the protective effects of garlic saponins on H2O2-induced ROS generation and growth inhibition were significantly reduced by zinc protoporphyrin IX, an HO-1 competitive inhibitor. In addition, the potential of garlic saponins to mediate HO-1 induction and protect against H2O2-mediated growth inhibition was adversely affected by transient transfection with Nrf2-specific siRNA. Garlic saponins activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling, whereas a specific ERK inhibitor was able to inhibit HO-1 upregulation, as well as Nrf2 induction and phosphorylation. Taken together, the findings of our study suggest that garlic saponins activate the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway by enabling ERK to contribute to the induction of phase II antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes, including HO-1 in C2C12 cells.</P>

산란계 개량에 관한 연구 1 . 순계의 생산능력 비교시험

상병찬,강만석,김동곤,한성욱 ( B . C . Sang,M . S . Kang,D . K . Kim,S . W . Han ) 한국축산학회 1980 한국축산학회지 Vol.22 No.5

This experiment was carried out to test performance of the domentic purebred fowl. The purpose of this experiment was to compare the productive performance of the purebred fowl to obtained basic materials for laying performance improvement by means of cross breeding. In this study, 1, 200 chickens was used-that is 6 purebred strains White Leghorns(720 chickens), 1 purebred strain Rhode Island Reds (120 chickens), 1 purebred strain New Hampshires (120 chickens). The results obtained in this study are as follows; 1. The average Viability of brooding, rearing and laying period was best for Rhode Island Reds and E. Strain among White Leghorns. 2. The average body weight at 8 weeks, first egg production days, 500days of age in W. L. was 546.86g. 1431.37g, 1738.34g, respectively, but there was no significant difference among. purebred strains of W. L. 3. The average Sexual maturity of 50% egg production was 170.58 days in W. L., but R. I. R. and S. N. H. were 189.94 days, 182.42days, respectively. There was significant difference at 1 % level among Strains. 4. The average hen-housed egg production was 214.16 eggs in W. L., but R. I. R. and S. N. H. were 214.22 eggs, 196.74 eggs, respectively. There was significant difference at 1% level among Strains, but the highest hen-housed egg production (231.84 eggs) was E. Strain among strains. 5. The average egg weight was 54. 48g in W. L, but R. I. R. and .S. N. H. were 56.12g, 54.90g, respectively, The highest egg weight (57.69g) was Coronial Strain of W. L. among strains. There was significant difference at 1 % Level among strains. 6. The average feed requirement was 3.01 in W. L. but R. I. R. and S. N. H. were 3.23, 3.52, respectively the highest feed requirement (2.79) was Coronial Strain of W. L. among strains. There was significant difference at 1 % level among strains. 7. On the basis of the results of this study, the productive performance was best for C. D. E. strains among W. L. and R. I. R.

SIGN-R1, a C-type lectin, enhances apoptotic cell clearance through the complement deposition pathway by interacting with C1q in the spleen

MG Prabagar,Y Do,S Ryu,J-Y Park,H-J Choi,W-S Choi,TJ Yun,J Moon,I-S Choi,K Ko,K Ko,C Young Shin,C Cheong,Y-S Kang 한국당과학회 2013 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

Complements, such as C1q and C3, and macrophages in the splenic marginal zone (MZMs) play pivotal roles in the efficient uptake and processing of circulating apoptotic cells. SIGN-R1, a C-type lectin that is highly expressed in a subpopulation of MZMs, regulates the complement fixation pathway by interacting with C1q, to fight blood-borne Streptococcus pneumoniae. Therefore, we examined whether the SIGN-R1-mediated classical complement pathway plays a role in apoptotic cell clearance and immune tolerance. SIGN-R1 first-bound apoptotic cells and this binding was significantly enhanced in the presence of C1q. SIGN-R1-C1q complex then immediately mediated C3 deposition on circulating apoptotic cells in the MZ, leading to the efficient clearance of them. SIGN-R1-mediated C3 deposition was completely abolished in the spleen of SIGN-R1 knockout (KO) mice. Given that SIGN-R1 is not expressed in the liver, we were struck by the finding that C3-deposited apoptotic cells were still found in the liver of wild-type mice, and dramatically reduced in the SIGN-R1 KO liver. In particular, SIGN-R1 deficiency caused delayed clearance of apoptotic cells and aberrant secretion of cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and TGF-β in the spleen as well as in the liver. In addition, anti-double- and single-stranded DNA antibody level was significantly increased in SIGN-R1-depleted mice compared with control mice. These findings suggest a novel mechanism of apoptotic cell clearance which is initiated by SIGN-R1 in the MZ and identify an integrated role of SIGN-R1 in the systemic clearance of apoptotic cells, linking the recognition of apoptotic cells, the opsonization of complements, and the induction of immune tolerance.

Calcium-Orthosilicate 를 이용한 자경성 주형의 상온성질에 관하여

강인찬,문인탁,배창국 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1975 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.13 No.3

珪酸소오다를 이용한 自硬性 鑄型에는 종류가 대단히 많다. 그 한 方法中에서 珪酸소오다에 2CaO-SiO₂(이하 C₂S 라 칭함)를 混合시키면 硬化作用이 일어나므로 常溫에서 이 反應을 利用하여 自硬性 鑄型法을 利用하게 되었다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 壓縮强度, 表面 安定性 및 殘留强度가 珪酸소오다의 mol 比나 C₂S의 混合量에 따라 變化되므로 國內産 珪砂를 使用하여 珪酸소오다는 7%를 첨가하고 C₂S는 1∼4%까지 變化시키면서 이들 性質을 측정검토하였다. 실험결과를 다음에 열거하면, 1) 造型後 12時間에서는 C₂S量이 4%까지 증가 할 수록 壓縮强度가 높았으나 그후에는 반대로 낮아졌다. 2) 최후의 壓力强度는 mol比가 낮을 경우, C₂S量이 적을 경우에 매우 높았다. 3) 表面安定性은 珪酸소오다의 mol比나 C₂S量의 변화에 따라 큰 변화는 없었다. 4) mol比 2.3의 珪酸소오다 7%와 C₂S 2∼3%를 混合한 鎭海砂의 경우에 가장 적합한 常溫性質을 얻을 수 있었다. There are many kinds of no bake self-hardening method using sodium silicate. When sodium silicate solution is mixed with calcium-orthosilicate powder hardening reaction is occured, which is based for self-hardening method at room temperature. The compression strength, surface stability and residual strength of mold are so related to the molecular ratio of sodium silicate and the content of calcium-orthosilicate powder that these properties are tested and studied, especially using domestic silicate sand, varing the content of 2CaO-SiO₂ from 1% to 4% at 7% of sodium silicate mixed. The results obtained in this study are as follows, 1) The compression strengths are getting still higher, along to the contents of 2CaO-SiO₂ up to 4% untill about 12 hours and after that time the strengths are inverted. 2) The final compression strength is much higher in case of low contents of 2CaO-SiO₂ and low molecular ratio. 3) The surface stability is not so varied along to the change of 2CaO-SiO₂ content and the molecular ratio. 4) The optimum properties can be obtained form ZIN HAE silica sand mixture at 7% of sodium silicate, molecular ratio 2.3 and 2% to 3% of 2CaO-SiO₂ powder.

능동형 태그를 포함한 900MHz RFID 교육용 시스템의 설계

김휴찬 ( H. C. Kim ),올자스 ( A. Ohlzahas ),김종민 ( J. M. Kim ),진효석 ( H. S. Jin ),조동관 ( D. G. Cho ),정중수 ( J. S. Chung ),강오한 ( O. H. Kang ),정광욱 ( K. W. Jung ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2007 인터넷정보학회논문지 Vol.8 No.4

본 논문에서는 RFID 기술 중 리더와 태그간 900MHz 대역을 사용하여 교육용 시스템 설계를 제시하였다. 능동형 태그와 리더의 설계를 임베디드 환경에서 제시하였으며 리더와 접속 가능한 서버의 소프트웨어 개발은 PC 윈도우 운영체제 환경에서 실현하였다. 개발 환경으로는 AT89C51ED2가 리더와 태그의 프로세서로, 개발 언어는 C 언어로, 이를 제어하기 위하여 케일 C 컴파일러가 사용되었다. 서버인 PC에서는 비쥬얼 스튜디오상의 비주얼 C 언어가 사용되었다. 시스템의 기능 점검을 위하여 PC에서는 리더를 통해 태그 주소를 인지하고, 메모리에 데이터를 읽고 쓰는 기능을 첨가하여 900MHz 대역의 RFID 교육용 소프트웨어 시스템을 구성하였다. This paper presents the development of RFID educational system based on using 900MHz air interface between the reader and the active tag. The software of reader and the active tag is developed on embedded environment, and the software of PC controlling the reader is based on window OS operated as the server. The AT89C51ED2 VLSI chip is used for the processor of the reader and the active tag. As the development environment, Keil compiler is used for the reader and the active tag of which the programming language is C. The visual C language of the visual studio on the PC activated as the server is used for development language. To verify the function of the system, PC gets the tag`s identification number through the reader and send the data to write the active tag memory a certain content as "write" operation . Finally the data written from the active tag`s memory is sent to the PC via the reader as "read" operation and compare the received data with one already sent to the tag.

Improvement of high-field J_c of MgB₂ wires by polymethyl-methacrylate doping

Park, G.C.,Hwang, S.M.,Lee, C.M.,Choi, J.H.,Joo, J.,Lim, J.H.,Kang, W.N.,Kim, C.J. North-Holland 2010 Physica. C, Superconductivity Vol.470 No.suppl1

We applied polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) as a new doping material for MgB<SUB>2</SUB> and fabricated C-doped MgB<SUB>2</SUB> wires by in situ powder-in-tube (PIT) process. With increasing PMMA doping level, the transition temperature (T<SUB>c</SUB>) decreased and the MgO content increased, whereas the magnetic field dependence of the critical current density (J<SUB>c</SUB>) weakened. The MgB<SUB>2</SUB> wires doped with 3-10wt.% PMMA showed significantly higher J<SUB>c</SUB> by more than one order of magnitude than that of the undoped wire at 5K and 6.6T. These results confirmed the potential of PMMA as a promising material for the effective substitution of B by C in MgB<SUB>2</SUB>.

Fabrication of ex situ processed MgB₂ wires using nano carbon doped powder

Lee, C.M.,Park, J.H.,Hwang, S.M.,Lim, J.H.,Joo, J.,Kang, W.N.,Kim, C.J. North-Holland 2009 Physica. C, Superconductivity Vol.469 No.15

We fabricated ex situ MgB<SUB>2</SUB> wires using C-doped MgB<SUB>2</SUB> powder as a precursor in order to improve the core density of the wires and their C doping content. The C-doped powder was prepared with Mg, B, and nano carbon (NC) powders by the in situ technique and then MgB<SUB>2-x</SUB>C<SUB>x</SUB> (x=0, 0.01, and 0.03) wires were fabricated by the ex situ technique using the powder-in-tube method. The phase formation, lattice change, and microstructure were characterized and correlated with the T<SUB>c</SUB> and J<SUB>c</SUB> variations. We observed that the ex situ wire had a higher core density than the in situ wire, however its morphology consisted of agglomerated particles, indicating that sintering and grain growth did not occur completely, even though the sintering was conducted at high temperature (1000<SUP>o</SUP>C). As the C content increased, T<SUB>c</SUB> decreased, while the decrease of J<SUB>c</SUB> with increasing magnetic field became smaller. The J<SUB>c</SUB> of MgB<SUB>1.97</SUB>C<SUB>0.03</SUB> wire made by the ex situ technique was 3.34kA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> at 6.6T and 5K which is comparable to that of the in situ wire (4.81kA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> at 6.6T and 5K).