Shewanella marina sp. nov., isolated from seawater

Park, S. C.,Baik, K. S.,Kim, M. S.,Kim, D.,Seong, C. N. Microbiology Society 2009 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.59 No.8

<P>A motile, rod-shaped, pale-brown-pigmented bacterium, designated strain C4T, was isolated from seawater collected from the South Sea (Republic of Korea). Cells were Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, and catalase- and oxidase-positive. The major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16:1omega7c and/or iso-C15:0 2-OH; 19.4%), C16:0 (16.3%), C17:1omega8c (9.5%) and iso-C15:0 (7.7%). The DNA G+C content was 40.8 mol%. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain C4T formed a lineage within the genus Shewanella (92.7-96.1% sequence similarity to representative strains of the genus Shewanella) and was part of a distinct branch with the clade comprising Shewanella haliotis DW01T and Shewanella algae ATCC 51192T. Phenotypic characteristics enabled strain C4T to be distinguished from S. haliotis and S. algae. On the basis of the data presented in this study, strain C4T represents a novel species, for which the name Shewanella marina sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is C4T (=KCTC 22185T=JCM 15074T).</P>

Diagnostic usefulness of a T cell-based assay for latent tuberculosis infection in kidney transplant candidates before transplantation

Kim, S.-H.,Lee, S.-O.,Park, I.-A.,Park, S.J.,Choi, S.-H.,Kim, Y.S.,Woo, J.H.,Park, S.-K.,Park, J.S.,Kim, S.C.,Han, D.J. Blackwell Publishing Inc 2010 Transplant infectious disease Vol.12 No.2

<P>S.-H. Kim, S.-O. Lee, I.-A. Park, S.J. Park, S.-H. Choi, Y.S. Kim, J.H. Woo, S.-K. Park, J.S. Park, S.C. Kim, D.J. Han. Diagnostic usefulness of a T cell-based assay for latent tuberculosis infection in kidney transplant candidates before transplantation.Transpl Infect Dis 2010: <B>12:</B> 113–119. All rights reserved</P><P>Background</P><P>The presence of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) should be evaluated before kidney transplantation. Although a new T cell-based assay for diagnosing LTBI gave promising results, this assay has not yet been compared with the tuberculin skin test (TST) for diagnosing LTBI in renal transplant candidates before transplantation.</P><P>Patients and methods</P><P>All adult patients admitted to a single institute for renal transplantation over a 1-year period were prospectively enrolled. A clinically predictive risk of LTBI was defined as: (i) recent close contact with a person with pulmonary TB; (ii) abnormal chest radiography; (iii) a history of untreated or inadequately treated TB; or (iv) a new infection (i.e., a recent conversion of TST).</P><P>Results</P><P>Of 209 renal recipients, 47 (22%) had a positive TST≥5 mm, 21 (10%) had a positive TST≥10 mm, 65 (30%) had a positive T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test, and 25 (12%) had an indeterminate T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test. The induration size of TST was significantly associated with a high positivity rate on T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> (<I>P</I><0.001). Agreement between T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test and TST≥10 mm was fair (<I>k</I>=0.24, 95% confidence interval 0.11–0.36). However, neither univariate nor multivariate analysis showed any association between the clinical risk for LTBI and positivity on T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> or TST.</P><P>Conclusion</P><P>T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test was more frequently positive than TST in renal transplant candidates. However, further longitudinal studies are awaited to determine whether the ability of T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> assay to detect LTBI in renal transplant recipients can better predict the development of TB than can TST after transplantation.</P>

體力章制度의 關心度比較에 關한 調査硏究 : 馬山市 男子高等學校 進學, 比進學者를 中心으로 Comparison of advancing to higher education and onadvancing highe education for the boy high school, Masan-si

鄭民煥,李錫南,朴昌植,丁小鳳,金成根 경희대학교 체육과학연구소 1978 體育學論文集 Vol.6 No.-

In the result of the research on the interests to the physical strength code system of boy high school (Comparison) of advancing to higher education and nonadvancing to higher education), it was possible to deduce the following conclusion and the suggestions from the theoretical background and the assumptions mentioned above forwarded by this research. 1. The understanding in the system of P.S.C. in inefficient. 2. The system failed to provide to one's strengh buiding 3. The training for P.S.C. is always not practiced consistently but being exercised on the immediate of inspection. 4. The understanding on the itemized purpose of its inspection is relatively low. 5. The inspection has something to do with the entrance examination and conderned because of the directive score points. 6. The inspection system failed to show a fairness and a lot of contradictions have been pointed out in the course of its execution. 7. In a comparison of advancing to higher education and nonadvanoing to higher education, the latter has not considered a special necessity. 8. The relative importance for the entrance examination by current inspection of P.S. has shown as fitted one. 9. It is not well comed to practice only in the training of P.S.C. at the assigned time to P.S. From the above conclusion, the following suggestions are required. 1. It is required that the system of P.S.C. is to be equally alotted to the all physical curriculum so that the guidance with the possitive plans be undertaken in the ordinal time. 2. It should not be limited of the system of P.S.C. in reflecting to the result of entrance examination for the boys of advancing to higher educations, and but considered in the dimension of national aspects, and the systematic backing policy enabling to exercise with a interest to the system of P.S.C even for the group of non-advancing for higher education be necessary. 3. A objectivity making the inspection thorough and correct in the course of execution, of the system of P.S.C. is required. 4. The fairness of inspection should be maintained by a sufficient training in advance for the staffs of the physical strength inspection and the inconsistencies should be developed. 5. The items of sport(Swiming, physical exercise, shooting etc.) beside the items of current P.S. inspection is recommended to be added. In the end, by strengthening the grade of current P.S. inspection, it is necessary to let people know that it Is very hard to get a special grade without a consistent effort in ordinary day.

Ion scattering spectroscopy study of the Si(001)c(4x4)-C surface reconstruction

Park J. Y.,Chae K. H.,Choi D. S.,Kim J. Y.,Kim S. S.,Seo J. H.,Whang C. N. 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.45 No.3

Reconstructed Si(001)c(4 4)-C surface has been studied by coaxial impact collision ion scattering spectroscopy (CAICISS). When 100L ethylene (C2H4) was exposed on Si(001)-(2 1) surface at 700 C, Si(001) dimer structures were changed by induced carbon (C) atoms. The experimental CAICISS spectra and simulation results reveal that the reconstructed Si(001)c(4 4)-C surface shows good agreement with the missing dimer model, rather than the Si-C heterodimer model, and adsorbed C atoms in uence only the reconstructed vertical plane of Si(001) surface. On comparing the azimuthal-scan curves for 100L C/Si(001) with those for clean Si(001), it can be suggested that C atoms occupy the fourth subsurface layer of Si(001) directly below the HB (bridge) site. These results are new evidence supporting the previous studies based on the C incorporation into Si(001) surface with missing dimers and the substitution of the fourth Si layers.

TmSR-C, scavenger receptor class C, plays a pivotal role in antifungal and antibacterial immunity in the coleopteran insect Tenebrio molitor

Kim, S.G.,Jo, Y.H.,Seong, J.H.,Park, K.B.,Noh, M.Y.,Cho, J.H.,Ko, H.J.,Kim, C.E.,Tindwa, H.,Patnaik, B.B.,Bang, I.S.,Lee, Y.S.,Han, Y.S. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2017 Insect biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.89 No.-

Scavenger receptors (SRs) constitute a family of membrane-bound receptors that bind to multiple ligands. The SR family of proteins is involved in removing cellular debris, oxidized low-density lipoproteins, and pathogens. Specifically, class C scavenger receptors (SR-C) have also been reported to be involved in phagocytosis of gram-positive and -negative bacteria in Drosophila and viruses in shrimp. However, reports are unavailable regarding the role of SR-C in antifungal immune mechanisms in insects. In this study, a full-length Tenebrio molitor SR-C (TmSR-C) sequence was obtained by 5'- and 3'-Rapid amplification of cDNA ends-polymerase chain reaction (RACE-PCR). The TmSR-C full-length cDNA comprised 1671 bp with 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions of 23- and 107-bp, respectively. TmSR-C encodes a putative protein of 556 amino acid residues that is constitutively expressed in all tissues of late instar larvae and 2-day-old adults, with the highest transcript levels observed in hemocytes of larvae and adults. TmSR-C mRNA showed a 2.5-fold and 3-fold increase at 24 and 6 h after infection with Candida albicans and β-glucan, respectively. Immunoassay with TmSR-C polyclonal antibody showed induction of the putative protein in the cytosols of hemocytes at 3 h after inoculation of C. albicans. RNA interference (RNAi)-based gene silencing and phagocytosis assays were used to understand the role of TmSR-C in antifungal immunity. Silencing of TmSR-C transcripts reduced the survivability of late instar larvae at 2 days post-inoculation of C. albicans, Escherichia coli, or Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, in TmSR-C-silenced larvae, there was a decline in the rate of microorganism phagocytosis. Taken together, results of this study suggest that TmSR-C plays a pivotal role in phagocytosing not only fungi but also gram-negative and -positive bacteria in T. molitor.

Induction of bone formation by <i>Escherichia coli</i>‐expressed recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 using block‐type macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate in orthotopic and ectopic rat models

Park, J‐,C.,So, S‐,S.,Jung, I‐,H.,Yun, J‐,H.,Choi, S‐,H.,Cho, K‐,S.,Kim, C‐,S. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Journal of periodontal research Vol.46 No.6

<P><I>Park J‐C, So S‐S, Jung I‐H, Yun J‐H, Choi S‐H, Cho K‐S, Kim C‐S. Induction of bone formation by</I> Escherichia coli<I>‐expressed recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 using block‐type macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate in orthotopic and ectopic rat models. J Periodont Res 2011; 46: 682–690. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S</I></P><P><B>Background and Objective: </B> The potential of the <I>Escherichia coli</I>‐expressed recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (ErhBMP‐2) to support new bone formation/maturation using a block‐type of macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate (bMBCP) carrier was evaluated in an orthotopic and ectopic rat model.</P><P><B>Material and Methods: </B> Critical‐size (Φ 8 mm) calvarial defects and subcutaneous pockets in 32 Sprague–Dawley rats received implants of rhBMP‐2 (2.5 μg) in a bMBCP carrier or bMBCP alone (control). Implant sites were evaluated using histological and histometric analysis following 2‐ and 8‐wk healing intervals (eight animals/group/interval).</P><P><B>Results: </B> ErhBMP‐2/bMBCP supported significantly greater bone formation at 2 and 8 wk (10.8% and 25.4%, respectively) than the control at 2 and 8 wk (5.3% and 14.0%, respectively) in calvarial defects (<I>p</I> < 0.01). Bone formation was only observed for the ErhBMP‐2/bMBCP ectopic sites and was significantly greater at 8 wk (7.5%) than at 2 wk (4.5%) (<I>p</I> < 0.01). Appositional and endochondral bone formation was usually associated with a significant increase in fatty marrow at 8 wk. The bMBCP carrier showed no evidence of bioresorption.</P><P><B>Conclusion: </B> ErhBMP‐2/bMBCP induced significant bone formation in both calvarial and ectopic sites. Further study appears to be required to evaluate the relevance of the bMBCP carrier.</P>

<i>CYP2A6</i> and <i>ERCC1</i> polymorphisms correlate with efficacy of S-1 plus cisplatin in metastatic gastric cancer patients

Park, S R,Kong, S-Y,Nam, B-H,Choi, I J,Kim, C G,Lee, J Y,Cho, S J,Kim, Y W,Ryu, K W,Lee, J H,Rhee, J,Park, Y-I,Kim, N K Nature Publishing Group 2011 The British journal of cancer Vol.104 No.7

<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>We evaluated the association between polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 2A6 (<I>CYP2A6</I>)/excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (<I>ERCC1</I>)/X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1(<I>XRCC1</I>) and treatment outcomes of metastatic gastric cancer (MGC) patients treated with S-1/cisplatin.</P><P><B>Methods:</B></P><P>Among MGC patients (<I>n</I>=108), who received S-1 (40 mg m<SUP>−2</SUP> b.i.d., days 1–14) and cisplatin (60 mg m<SUP>−2</SUP>, day 1) every 3 weeks, we analysed the wild-type allele (<I>W</I>) and variants (<I>V</I>) of <I>CYP2A6</I> (<I>*4</I>, <I>*7, *9, *10</I>), and the polymorphisms of <I>ERCC1</I> (rs11615, rs3212986) and <I>XRCC1</I> (rs25487).</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>Patients having fewer <I>CYP2A6</I> variants had better response rates (<I>W</I>/<I>W vs W</I>/<I>V</I> other than <I>*1/*4 vs V</I>/<I>V</I> or <I>*1/*4</I>=66.7 <I>vs</I> 58.3 <I>vs</I> 32.3% <I>P</I>=0.008), time to progression (TTP) (7.2 <I>vs</I> 6.1 <I>vs</I> 3.5 months, <I>P</I>=0.021), and overall survival (23.2 <I>vs</I> 15.4 <I>vs</I> 12.0 months, <I>P</I>=0.004). <I>ERCC1 19442C</I>><I>A</I> (rs3212986) was also associated with response rate (<I>C/C</I>, 46.7% <I>vs C/A</I>, 55.3% <I>vs A/A</I>, 87.5%) (<I>P</I>=0.048) and TTP (4.4 <I>vs</I> 7.6 <I>vs</I> 7.9 months) (<I>P</I>=0.012). Patients carrying both risk genotypes of <I>CYP2A6</I> (<I>V</I>/<I>V</I> or <I>1/*4</I>) and <I>ERCC1 19442C</I>><I>A</I> (<I>C/C</I>) <I>vs</I> those carrying none showed an adjusted odds ratio of 0.113 (<I>P</I>=0.004) for response, and adjusted hazard ratios of 3.748 (<I>P</I>=0.0001) for TTP and 2.961 (<I>P</I>=0.006) for death.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>Polymorphisms of <I>CYP2A6</I> and <I>ERCC1 19442C</I>><I>A</I> correlated with the efficacy of S-1/cisplatin.</P>

Production of (S)-3-hydroxybutyrate by metabolically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Yun, E.J.,Kwak, S.,Kim, S.R.,Park, Y.C.,Jin, Y.S.,Kim, K.H. Elsevier Science Publishers 2015 Journal of biotechnology Vol.209 No.-

(S)-3-Hydroxybutyrate (S-3HB) can be used as a precursor for the synthesis of biodegradable polymers such as polyhydroxyalkanoate and stereo-specific fine chemicals such as antibiotics, pheromones, and drugs. For the production of S-3HB in yeast, the biosynthetic pathway of S-3HB from acetyl-CoA, consisting of the three enzymes, acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase (ACCT), acetoacetyl-CoA reductase (ACR), and 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA thioesterase (HBT), was introduced into Saccharomyces cerevisiae. An engineered yeast strain overexpressing ERG10, hbd, and tesB genes not only exhibited enzyme activities of AACT, ACR, and HBT, but also produced S-3HB from ethanol. In order to increase the titer of S-3HB, a fed-batch fermentation based on pulse feeding of ethanol as a carbon source was performed, and a final S-3HB titer of 12.0g/L was achieved. This is the first report on the production of 3HB by engineered yeast, utilizing ethanol as the carbon source, suggesting that the industrially preferred S. cerevisiae can be a promising host for producing S-3HB.

Data Build-up for the Construction of Korean Specific Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory in Livestock Categories

Won, S.G.,Cho, W.S.,Lee, J.E.,Park, K.H.,Ra, C.S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.3

Many studies on methane ($CH_4$) and nitrous oxide ($N_2O$) emissions from livestock industries have revealed that livestock production directly contributes to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through enteric fermentation and manure management, which causes negative impacts on animal environment sustainability. In the present study, three essential values for GHG emission were measured; i.e., i) maximum $CH_4$ producing capacity at mesophilic temperature ($37^{\circ}C$) from anaerobically stored manure in livestock category ($B_{0,KM}$, Korean livestock manure for $B_0$), ii) $EF_{3(s)}$ value representing an emission factor for direct $N_2O$ emissions from manure management system S in the country, kg $N_2O-N$ kg $N^{-1}$, at mesophilic ($37^{\circ}C$) and thermophilic ($55^{\circ}C$) temperatures, and iii) $N_{ex(T)}$ emissions showing annual N excretion for livestock category T, kg N $animal^{-1}$ $yr^{-1}$, from different livestock manure. Static incubation with and without aeration was performed to obtain the $N_2O$ and $CH_4$ emissions from each sample, respectively. Chemical compositions of pre- and post- incubated manure were analyzed. Contents of total solids (% TS) and volatile solid (% VS), and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen (C/N) decrease significantly in all the samples by C-containing biogas generation, whereas moisture content (%) and pH increased after incubation. A big difference of total nitrogen content was not observed in pre- and post-incubation during $CH_4$ and $N_2O$ emissions. $CH_4$ emissions (g $CH_4$ kg VS-1) from all the three manures (sows, layers and Korean cattle) were different and high C/N ratio resulted in high $CH_4$ emission. Similarly, $N_2O$ emission was found to be affected by % VS, pH, and temperature. The $B_{0,KM}$ values for sows, layers, and Korean cattle obtained at $37^{\circ}C$ are 0.0579, 0.0006, and 0.0828 $m^3$ $CH_4$ kg $VS^{-1}$, respectively, which are much less than the default values in IPCC guideline (GL) except the value from Korean cattle. For sows and Korean cattle, $N_{ex(T)}$ values of 7.67 and 28.19 kg N $yr^{-1}$, respectively, are 2.5 fold less than those values in IPCC GL as well. However, $N_{ex(T)}$ value of layers 0.63 kg N $yr^{-1}$ is very similar to the default value of 0.6 kg N $yr^{-1}$ in IPCC GLs for National greenhouse gas inventories for countries such as South Korea/Asia. The $EF_{3(s)}$ value obtained at $37^{\circ}C$ and $55^{\circ}C$ were found to be far less than the default value.

Towards high performance unique microstructures of Co₉S₈//CoFe₂O₄ for asymmetric supercapacitor

Patil, S.J.,Lokhande, A.C.,Park, J.S.,Kim, J.H.,Kim, Y.B.,Choi, B.C.,Park, S.H.,Jung, S.H.,Lee, D.W. Elsevier 2018 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.61 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Herein, we have proposed asymmetric supercapacitor device to achieve empirical electrochemical performance based on binder-free Co<SUB>9</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB> and CoFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> electrodes. The unique architecture and porous surface of the prepared electrodes were analyzed using electron microscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller technique. Electrochemical properties of Co<SUB>9</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB> and CoFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> electrode were employed in a three-electrode cell-configuration that exhibits a capacitance of 817 and 1203Fg<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively. Co<SUB>9</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB>//CoFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> asymmetric supercapacitor reveals a high capacitance of 79.11Fg<SUP>−1</SUP> with 28.88Whkg<SUP>−1</SUP> energy density and superior cyclic stability over 2500 cycles (∼87%). These results suggest that prepared electrodes have a great potential for practical applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Unique-microstructures of C<SUB>o9</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB> and CoFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> electrodes were prepared. </LI> <LI> C<SUB>o9</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB>//CoFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> supercapacitor exhibits an energy density of 28.88Whkg<SUP>−1</SUP>. </LI> <LI> The assembled Co<SUB>9</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB>//CoFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> supercapacitor delivers a superior rate capability. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>The Ragone plot shows the electrochemical performance of the Co<SUB>9</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB>//CoFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> asymmetric supercapacitor device, and inset shows the BET surface area plot.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>