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Byung Yeoup Chung,Jae Taek Lee,Seung Sik Lee,Suvendu Mondal,Bhumi Nath Tripathi,Siu Kim,Keun Woo Lee,Sung Hyun Hong,Hyoung-Woo Bai,Jae-Young Cho 한국분자세포생물학회 2016 Molecules and cells Vol.39 No.8
Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase subunit C from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 (PaAhpC) is a member of the 2-Cys peroxiredoxin family. Here, we examined the peroxidase and molecular chaperone functions of PaAhpC using a site-directed mutagenesis approach by substitution of Ser and Thr residues with Cys at positions 78 and 105 located between two catalytic cysteines. Substitution of Ser with Cys at position 78 enhanced the chaperone activity of the mutant (S78C-PaAhpC) by approximately 9-fold compared with that of the wild-type protein (WT-PaAhpC). This increased activity may have been associated with the proportionate increase in the high-molecular-weight (HMW) fraction and enhanced hydrophobicity of S78C-PaAhpC. Homology modeling revealed that mutation of Ser78 to Cys78 resulted in a more compact decameric structure than that observed in WT-PaAhpC and decreased the atomic distance between the two neighboring sulfur atoms of Cys78 in the dimer-dimer interface of S78C-PaAhpC, which could be responsible for the enhanced hydrophobic interaction at the dimer-dimer interface. Furthermore, complementation assays showed that S78C-PaAhpC exhibited greatly improved the heat tolerance, resulting in enhanced survival under thermal stress. Thus, addition of Cys at position 78 in PaAhpC modulated the functional shifting of this protein from a peroxidase to a chaperone.
Byung Yeoup Chung,Sang Guei Lee,Jae Young Cho 한국응용생명화학회 2009 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.52 No.6
The degradation of antibiotic tetracycline by using electron beam irradiation was investigated in an aqueous solution as a function of irradiation dose. The degradation efficiency of tetracycline was a level of 100% at an irradiation dose of 5 kGy. The deg
Advanced Oxidation Process of Veterinary Antibiotic Tetracycline by Electron Beam Irradiation
Byung Yeoup Chung,Sang-Guei Lee,조재영 한국응용생명화학회 2009 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.52 No.6
The degradation of antibiotic tetracycline by using electron beam irradiation was investigated in an aqueous solution as a function of irradiation dose. The degradation efficiency of tetracycline was a level of 100% at an irradiation dose of 5 kGy. The degradation of tetracycline follows an apparent a “first order” reaction rate dependent on irradiation dose. Electron beam technology is suggested to be a way to degrade antibiotics and may be used as an approach for biological treatment of domestic and livestock wastewater.
Food Science ; Compositional Characterization Of Cacao (Theobroma Cacao L.) Hull
Byung Yeoup Chung,KenJi Iiyama,Kang Wan Han 한국응용생명화학회 2003 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.46 No.1
Chemical composition and structural characteristics of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) hull were investigated. Holocellulose, Klason residue, total amino acid, lipid, ash, and glucose contents were 334, 320, 96, 99, 93, and 174 g·㎏^-1, respectively. Other neutr
( Byung Yeoup Chung ),( Jae Young Cho ),( Seung Sik Lee ),( Yoshiharu Nishiyama ),( Yuji Matsumoto ),( Kenji Liyama ) 한국식물학회 2008 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.51 No.2
Tracheary elements (TEs) were physically separated from the hulls of cacao pods (Theobroma cacao L.). Their morphological features were extensively investigated with scanning electron microscopy and chemical characterization. Spiral TEs were covered with a thin layer of primary wall that had a web-like structure on its outer surface. These TEs had a spiral circularity diameter of 8.2 ± 0.6 μm and an estimated secondary wall thickness of about 2.1 ± 0.2 μm. Polarized microscopy analysis revealed that the cellulose microfibrils were aligned parallel to that thickening. Lignin content was 36.1%, with a 0.13:1.00 molar ratio of syringyl to guaiacyl units and a 1.09:1.00 molar ratio of erythronic acid and threonic acid. Total yields of the alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation and ozonation products were 324.5 and 148.8 μmol g?1 of extract-free TEs, respectively. Based on these morphological and lignin characteristics, we conclude that fully ripened cacao hulls exhibit the same features of secondary wall thickening as those seen at an earlier stage.
고창지역 복분자 비가림하우스 토양과 노지토양의 물리ㆍ화학적 특성
정병엽(Byung Yeoup Chung),이강수(Kang-Soo Lee),김명곤(Myung-Kon Kim),최영희(Young-Hee Choi),김무기(Moo-Key Kim),조재영(Jae-Young Cho) 한국토양비료학회 2008 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.41 No.5
전라북도 고창군 복분자 재배형태별 토성은 비가림 하우스 재배지에서는 미사질양토(slit loam. Si) 74%, 양토(loam. L) 16%, 식토(clay. C) 10%로 나타난 반면, 노지 재배지에서는 마사질양토 64%, 양토 35%, 식토 1%로 나타났다. 토양입단의 발달 정도는 비가림 아우스 재배지에서는 55.84%, 노지재배지에서는 60.6%를 나타내어 강우가 차단되어 있는 비가림 하우스 재배지보다 노지재배지가 토양입단화에는 더 유리한 것으로 나타났다. 토양입단의 크기별 가중평균지름(mean weight diameter, MWD)을 조사한 결과 대립단(>2.0mm)의 경우에는 노지재배지에서 더 높았고, 소립단(<0.25mm)의 경우에는 비가림 하우스 재배지에서 더 높게 나타났다. 비가림 하우스 재배지 토양의 ph는 3.9~7.4(평균 5.5)를 나타내었고, 노지 재배지는 4.1~8.4(평균 5.5)를 나타내어 복분자 재배형태별로 큰 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 비가림 하우스 재배지 토양의 전기전도도는 0.209~5.670 dsm<SUP>-1</SUP> (평균:1.619)를 나타내었고, 노지재배지는 0.265~1.056 dsm<SUP>-1</SUP> (평균 : 1.056)를 나타내어 노지재배에 비해 비가림 하우스 재배지에서 전기전도도가 더 높게 나타났다. 전체적으로 비가림 하우스 재배지가 노지 재배지보다 치환성 마그네슘, 칼슘 그리고 칼리의 함량이 더 높게 나타났다. 토양 중에서 칼슘과 마그네슘 및 칼리의 이상적인 당량비율은 5:2:1인데 (Jung et al. 1998), 본 복분자 재배지 토양에서는 칼리의 비율이 2~3배 이상 높게 나타났다. 이 같은 결과는 칼리 비료의 과다시비에서 비롯된 것으로 추정되는 바 양이온의 이상적인 당량비가 유지될 수 있도록 합리적인 시비가 이루어져야 할 것으로 나타났다. 수용성 음이온의 함량은 평균값으로 질산이온>황산이온>인산이온>염소이온의 순으로 나타났다. 또한 비가림 하우스 재배지가 노지 재배지에 비해 약 2~3배 이상 수용성 음이온의 함량이 높게 나타났다. The physic-chemical properties of the rainfall interception culture (85 sites) and the open field culture soils (85 sites) in the area of Gochang-gun, Jollabuk-do were surveyed. Soil textural distribution of the rainfall interception culture and the open field culture soils was 74% and 64$ for silt loam, 16% and 35% for loam, and 10% and 1% for clay, respectively. The percentage of aggregate rates was higher in the open field culture soils (60.06%) than rainfall interception culture soils (55.84%). Electrical conductivity, exchangeable cations, and anions in the rainfall interception culture soils were higher than those in open field soils. Specially, accumulated amount of anion in rainfall interception culture soils was remarkably higher 2~3 times than open field culture soils. The results from the analyses of rainfall interception culture soils suggested that the most critical problem is the salts accumulation caused by over-fertilization of chemical fertilizer and compost. Therefore, application rates of chemical fertilizer and compost should be controlled in order to conservation of soil and water for sustainable agriculture.
Chung, Byung Yeoup,Lee, Jae Taek,Bai, Hyoung-Woo,Kim, Ung-Jin,Bae, Hyeun-Jong,Gon Wi, Seung,Cho, Jae-Young Elsevier 2012 Radiation physics and chemistry Vol.81 No.8
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Pretreatment of poplar bark with a combination of sulfuric acid (3%, w/w, H<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>4</SUB>) and gamma irradiation (0–1000kGy) was performed in an attempt to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis for bioethanol production. The yields of reducing sugar were slightly increased with an increasing irradiation dose, ranging from 35.4% to 51.5%, with a 56.1% reducing sugar yield observed after dilute acid pretreatment. These results clearly showed that soluble sugars were released faster and to a greater extent in dilute acid-pretreated poplar bark than in gamma irradiation-pretreated bark. When combined pretreatment was carried out, a drastic increase in reducing sugar yield (83.1%) was found compared with individual pretreatment, indicating the possibility of increasing the convertibility of poplar bark following combined pretreatment. These findings are likely associated with cellulose crystallinity, lignin modification, and removal of hemicelluloses.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► Combined pretreatment increased the convertibility of poplar bark synergistically. ► The synergistic effect was due to enhancement of enzymatic hydrolysis. ► The combined pretreatment increased accessibility of enzyme to lignocellulose.</P>
Change in the enzymatic dual function of the peroxiredoxin protein by gamma irradiation
An, Byung Chull,Lee, Seung Sik,Lee, Jae Taek,Park, Chul-Hong,Lee, Sang Yeol,Chung, Byung Yeoup Elsevier 2012 Radiation physics and chemistry Vol.81 No.8
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>PP1084 protein was exposed to gamma irradiation ranging from 5 to 500kGy. Native PAGE showed minor structural changes in PP1084 at 5kGy, and major structural changes at >15kGy. Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) showed the formation of a new shoulder peak when the protein was irradiated with 15 and 30kGy, and a double peak appeared at 100kGy. The results of PAGE and SEC imply that PP1084 protein is degraded by gamma irradiation, with simultaneous oligomerization. PP1084 chaperone activity reached the highest level at 30kGy of gamma irradiation, and then, decreased in a dose-dependent manner with increasing gamma irradiation. However, the peroxidase activity significantly decreased following exposure to all intensities of gamma irradiation. The improvement of chaperone activity using gamma irradiation might be promoted by the oligomeric structures containing covalently cross-linked amino acids. Consequently, PP1084 modification using gamma irradiation could elevate chaperone activity by about 3–4 folds compared to the non-irradiated protein.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P><P><B>►</B> The structure of PP1084 protein was drastically changed above 15kGy gamma irradiation. <B>►</B> PP1084 chaperone activity reached the highest level at 30kGy of gamma irradiation. <B>►</B> PP1084 modification using gamma irradiation could elevate chaperone activity by about 3–4 folds.</P>