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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Bragg, Jennifer N. (검색결과 4 건)
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Subcellular Localization of the Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus Triple Gene Block Proteins
Lim, Hyoun-Sub,Bragg, Jennifer N.,Ganesan, Uma,Ruzin, Steven,Schichnes, Denise,Lee, Mi Yeon,Vaira, Anna Maria,Ryu, Ki Hyun,Hammond, John,Jackson, Andrew O. American Society for Microbiology 2009 Journal of virology Vol.83 No.18
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P><I>Barley stripe mosaic virus</I> (BSMV) spreads from cell to cell through the coordinated actions of three triple gene block (TGB) proteins (TGB1, TGB2, and TGB3) arranged in overlapping open reading frames (ORFs). Our previous studies (D. M. Lawrence and A. O. Jackson, J. Virol. 75:8712-8723, 2001; D. M. Lawrence and A. O. Jackson, Mol. Plant Pathol. 2:65-75, 2001) have shown that each of these proteins is required for cell-to-cell movement in monocot and dicot hosts. We recently found (H.-S. Lim, J. N. Bragg, U. Ganesan, D. M. Lawrence, J. Yu, M. Isogai, J. Hammond, and A. O. Jackson, J. Virol. 82:4991-5006, 2008) that TGB1 engages in homologous interactions leading to the formation of a ribonucleoprotein complex containing viral genomic and messenger RNAs, and we have also demonstrated that TGB3 functions in heterologous interactions with TGB1 and TGB2. We have now used <I>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</I>-mediated protein expression in <I>Nicotiana benthamiana</I> leaf cells and site-specific mutagenesis to determine how TGB protein interactions influence their subcellular localization and virus spread. Confocal microscopy revealed that the TGB3 protein localizes at the cell wall (CW) in close association with plasmodesmata and that the deletion or mutagenesis of a single amino acid at the immediate C terminus can affect CW targeting. TGB3 also directed the localization of TGB2 from the endoplasmic reticulum to the CW, and this targeting was shown to be dependent on interactions between the TGB2 and TGB3 proteins. The optimal localization of the TGB1 protein at the CW also required TGB2 and TGB3 interactions, but in this context, site-specific TGB1 helicase motif mutants varied in their localization patterns. The results suggest that the ability of TGB1 to engage in homologous binding interactions is not essential for targeting to the CW. However, the relative expression levels of TGB2 and TGB3 influenced the cytosolic and CW distributions of TGB1 and TGB2. Moreover, in both cases, localization at the CW was optimal at the 10:1 TGB2-to-TGB3 ratios occurring in virus infections, and mutations reducing CW localization had corresponding effects on BSMV movement phenotypes. These data support a model whereby TGB protein interactions function in the subcellular targeting of movement protein complexes and the ability of BSMV to move from cell to cell.</P>
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Structural and thermal characteristics of photocrosslinked silk fibroin - PEG hydrogel
Jo, You-Young,Lee, Kwang-Gill,Bragg, John C.,Lin, Chien-Chi,Kweon, HaeYong Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2016 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.32 No.1
Hydrogels are crosslinked hydrophilic matrices for a variety of biomedical applications. Silk fibroin (SF), one of typical natural biomaterials, has been explored as base material for hydrogel. Photocrosslinked SF hydrogel containing poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was formulated through visible light initiated thiol-acrylate photopolymerization. The morphological, structural and thermal properties of SF - PEG hydrogel was investigated through scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry. The morphology of SF hydrogel showed dot and uneven surface with network cross-section. X-ray diffraction curves showed that the specific diffraction peaks of PEG were not changed by the intensity of the peaks were affected by sonication. Thermo-degradation behavior of SF - PEG hydrogel sonicated was significantly affected and became complex pattern compared to unsonicated ones. However, the melting endothermic temperature of SF - PEG hydrogel was not changed but the crystalline enthalpy was decreased by gelation and sonication.
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Structural and thermal characteristics of photocrosslinked silk fibroin -PEG hydrogel
( You-young Jo ),( Kwang-gill Lee ),( John C. Bragg ),( Chien-chi Lin ),( Haeyong Kweon ) 한국잠사학회 2016 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.32 No.1
Hydrogels are crosslinked hydrophilic matrices for a variety of biomedical applications. Silk fibroin (SF), one of typical natural biomaterials, has been explored as base material for hydrogel. Photocrosslinked SF hydrogel containing poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was formulated through visible light initiated thiol-acrylate photopolymerization. The morphological, structural and thermal properties of SF . PEG hydrogel was investigated through scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry. The morphology of SF hydrogel showed dot and uneven surface with network cross-section. X-ray diffraction curves showed that the specific diffraction peaks of PEG were not changed by the intensity of the peaks were affected by sonication. Thermo-degradation behavior of SF . PEG hydrogel sonicated was significantly affected and became complex pattern compared to unsonicated ones. However, the melting endothermic temperature of SF-PEG hydrogel was not changed but the crystalline enthalpy was decreased by gelation and sonication.
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Fritsche, Lars G.,Igl, Wilmar,Cooke Bailey, Jessica N.,Grassmann, Felix,Sengupta, Sebanti,Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L.,Burdon, Kathryn P.,Hebbring, Scott J.,Wen, Cindy,Gorski, Mathias,Kim, Ivana K.,Cho, Nature Pub. Co 2016 Nature genetics Vol.48 No.2
<P>Advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly with limited therapeutic options. Here, we report on a study of >12 million variants including 163,714 directly genotyped, most rare, protein-altering variant. Analyzing 16,144 patients and 17,832 controls, we identify 52 independently associated common and rare variants (P < 5×10<SUP>–8</SUP>) distributed across 34 loci. While wet and dry AMD subtypes exhibit predominantly shared genetics, we identify the first signal specific to wet AMD, near <I>MMP9</I> (difference-P = 4.1×10<SUP>–10</SUP>). Very rare coding variants (frequency < 0.1%) in <I>CFH</I>, <I>CFI</I>, and <I>TIMP3</I> suggest causal roles for these genes, as does a splice variant in <I>SLC16A8</I>. Our results support the hypothesis that rare coding variants can pinpoint causal genes within known genetic loci and illustrate that applying the approach systematically to detect new loci requires extremely large sample sizes.</P>
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