Short‑Term Load Forecasting Based on Deep Neural Networks Using LSTM Layer

Bo‑Sung Kwon,Rae‑Jun Park,Kyung‑Bin Song 대한전기학회 2020 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.15 No.4

Short-term load forecasting (STLF) is essential for power system operation. STLF based on deep neural network using LSTM layer is proposed. In order to apply the forecasting method to STLF, the input features are separated into historical and prediction data. Historical data are input to long short-term memory (LSTM) layer to model the relationships between past observed data. The outputs of the LSTM layer are incorporated with outputs of fully-connected layer in which prediction data, for instance weather information for forecasting day, are input. The optimal parameters of the proposed forecasting method are selected following several experiment. The proposed method is expected to contribute to stable power system operation by providing a precise load forecasting.

식물생장조절제 Seaweed extracts(GA14)의 수도 품종간 생육 및 수량에 미치는 효과

송재영,김용일,박보영,정재영,최현구,정종태,이희봉 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2004 농업과학연구 Vol.31 No.1

This study was carried out to identify the effects of seaweed extracts(GA14) on growth of two rice cultivars, Junambyo and Donganbyo. Seedling qualities of two cultivars were better in all items including heading dates at early stage treated at seedling plus 2-3 leaf stages than at single treatment of seedling. Ripening ratio of Junambyo in paddy field was increased 0.3% by seaweed extracts(GA14) treatment, but that of Donganbyo decreased 0.5%. 1,000 grain weight of Junambyo and Donanbyo by seaweed extracts(GA14) treatment was two to four grams higher and the yield of two cultivars was also higher by three to four percent. Appearance characters of two rice cultivars was high in head, while damaged, chalky and crack rate were low at seaweed extracts(GA14) treatment. Protein, moisture and amylose characteristics related to table quality of Junambyo were not different by seaweed extracts treatment, but table values was high in only treatment. Donganbyo was also similar to Junambyo, but table quality was slightly high at non-treatment.

소비자 주권론(Consumer's Sovereignity)에 대한 고찰

송보경 서울여자대학교 여성연구소 1988 여성연구논총 Vol.4 No.-

매실 野生 酵母의 醱酵에 관한 硏究

宋寶鉉,金龍斗,李在根 順天大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.4 No.1

매실의 野生酵母를 발효 실험을 통하여 酵母의 同定, 酒精, Fusel oil 및 香氣 成分을 分析한 結果는 다음과 같다. 매실에서 발견된 野生酵母는 Saccharomyce cervisiaeSP. 5종 Pichti속 3종. Torulopsis 2종을 同定하였다. 酒精 生成力은 일발연 1호가 16%였으며 野生 酵母Ⅰ,Ⅱ.Ⅲ,Ⅳ는 각각 15.2%, 14.1%, 7.64% 및 13.5%였다. Fusel oil 生命力은 일발연 1호가 2.7%, 396호가 2.6%였으며 野生 酵母 Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ는 각각 0.5%, 0.3%, 0.3% 및 0.5%로 나타 香氣 成分은 일반연1호, 396호, 野生 酵母Ⅰ은 비슷하였으며 野生 酵母Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ는 香氣 成分이 많은 것으로 나타났다. This study was conducted to evaluate the alcohols and flavors through fermentational using the wild yeast isolated in Mume(prunus mume s.e.t.z.)and the wild yeasts were identified, concurrently. The alcohols and flavors were analyzed by chromatography. 5 species(Sacch,cerevisiae sp.), 3 species(Pichia genus)and 2 spcecies(Torulopsis sp.)were identified. In the alcohol yielding ability test of yeasts, the yielding ability was 16% in Sacch cerevisiae, and 15.2%, 14.1%, 7.6%and 13.5% in the wild yeasts(#1,2,3,4), respectively, while in the fusel, the percentage of fusel oil was 2.7% in Sacch. cerevisiae, 2.6% in sacch. formosensis, and 0.5%, 0.3%, 0.3%and 0.8% in the wild yeasts(#1,2,3,4,)respectively. The amount of flavors made by yeasts such as Sacch cervisiae, Sacch. formosensis and wild yeast #1 was similar in each case but that of the wild yearst #2,3,4 was much more than above 3 species yeasts.

Box-Jenkins 모형을 이용한 X￣관리도와 CUSUM관리도의 민감도 분석

송서일,이보근,조영찬 동아대학교 공과대학부설 생산기술연구소 1997 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.2

It is revealed that, as the use of automated manufacturing is increasing and the process inspection technology is improvements in industry for recently years, the data from mass production system is exhibited some degree of autocorrelation. The operation characteristics of traditional control charts developed under the assumption of independence may be adversely affected by the presence of serial correlation. Therefore, we try to explain a autocorrelated construction by being in contact with a time-series models, so called the Box-Jenkins forecast models, which has been proposed as a very good forecasting tool and allows to distinguish the variations resulted from a autocorrelation structure from one due to unusual but assignable causes. In this paper, autoregressive/moving average parameters in the use of Box-Jenkins forecast models is estimated, and a sensitivity analysis is given by comparing X control chart with CUSUM control chart for the variation of error or forecast residuals.

CAD/CAM 세라믹 인레이로 수복한 치아의 응력분포에 관한 유한요소법적 연구

송보경,엄정문 대한치과보존학회 2001 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.26 No.6

When restoring a tooth, the dentist tries to choose the ideal material for existing situation. One criterion that is considered is its suitability for restoring coronal strength. As more tooth structure is removed, the cusps are weakened and susceptible to fracture. Further, this increased deformation may cause the formation of intermittent gaps at the margin between the hard tissue and the restoration, facilitating marginal leakage. The improvements in ceramic materials now make it possible for alternatives to amalgams, composites, and cast metal to be offered for posterior teeth. Of the materials used, ceramics most closely approximates the properties of enamel. The introduction of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture(CAD/CAM) systems to restorative dentistry represents a major technological breakthrough. It is possible to design and fabricate ceramic restorations at a single appointment. Additionally, CAD/CAM systems eliminate certain errors and inaccuracies that are inherent to the indirect method and provide an esthetic restoration. The aim of this investigation was to study the loading characteristics of CAD/CAM ceramic inlay and to compare the stress distribution and displacement associated with different designs of cavity(the isthmus width and cavity depth) . A human maxillary left first premolar was prepared with standard mesio-occlusal cavity preparation, as recommended by the manufacturer. Ceramic Inlay was fabricated with CEREC 2 CAD/CIM equipment and cemented into the prepared cavity. Three dimensional model was made by the serial photographic method. The cavity width was varied 1/3, 1/2 and 1/3 of intercuspal distance between buccal and lingual cusp tip. The cavity depth was varied 1.5mm and 2.3mm. So six models were constructed to simulate six conditions. A point load of 500N was applied vertically onto the first node of the lingual slope from the buccal cusp tip. The stress distribution and displacement were solved using ANSYS finite element program(Swanson Analysis System) . The results were as follows ; 1.The displacement occurred buccal, distal and cervical direction from the buccal cusp. In case of the deep cavity, the displacement decreased and with the increase of the cavity width, it increased. 2.In ceramic inlay, the stress decreased in the deep cavity and it increased with the increase of the cavity width. The stress in composite resin cement was less than in ceramic inlay, therefore the stress propagation was blocked by composite resin cement. 3.As the width of cavity increased, the stress spread and increased at the buccal cavosurface margin, so the possibility of crack increased. In case of the deep cavity, the stress decreased at the distal margin of cavity. 4.With the increase of cavity width and depth, the stress on the facio-pulpal line angle increased. In case of narrow cavity width, stress increased on the facio-gingival line angle. Therefore the possibility of crack increased. 5.In case of the shallow cavity, the direction of crack was cervico-lingual on the facio-pulpal line angle. In case of the deep cavity, the direction of crack was cervico-buccal on the facio-pulpal line angle and move vertically with the increase of the cavity width. Key words : Finite element stress analysis, CAD/CAM ceramic inlay, Cavity width, Cavity depth, Stress, Displacement

아급성기 대량 재해 지역에서의 의료 지원 : '99 대만 지진 의료 지원을 중심으로

송형곤,강보승,송근정,정연권 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.3

Background: There was a powerful earthquaken(Richter Scale 7.6) In Tiawan, on Sep.21, 1999. We supported the organized medic긴 services in that area during 5 days. Methods: We made the protocol and analyzed the results prospectively. Results: We took care of a total of 708 patients from sep. 23 to sep. 27. Traumatized patients related to the earthquake were 245(34.6%), and most of them had minor injuries. Two hundred thirty-nine(239, 33.8%) patients visited us for medical disease related to living in a group. There were 29(4.1%) patients who complained of neuropsychiatric problems due to the post-earthquaken stress. Because the condition of the patients was so bad, 18(2.5%) were transferred to receive more medical services. Conclusion: In disaster area, organized medical services have two different roles, especially in the subacute stage. One is responsibility for real emergency medical care, and the other is medical care of non-emergency patients.

10대 다운증후군 청소년과 일반 정신지체 청소년의 최대하운동증 심폐반응 연구

송채훈,정혜윤,김보정 朝鮮大學校 스포츠科學硏究所 2006 스포츠科學硏究 Vol.17 No.-

Difference of heart rate and heart rate reaction did not show between two groups in stability. But, Down Syndrome mass of heart rate and breathe rate showed higher than general mental retardation group in treadmill walking test(0%, 3 mph) (p< 0.05). By thing that maximum heart rate, maximum oxygen intake amount, secession ventilation amount, the breath exchange rate etc. are low to keep in mind than general mental retardation group in maximum department of athletics low class test appear and number of testing bench box that take part in this research has been limited, because it is lacking to make reliable conclusion, that it is considered that a depths analysis need to a wider experiment in research after, also, is considered that higher interest and development of suitable exercise program for these about these need so that can keep enrichment of Down Syndrome patients' life and life form.

토코페롤의 대장암세포 성장, 침윤, 부착에 대한 억제 효과

송보람, 주지형 충북대학교 생활과학연구소 2013 생활과학연구논총 Vol.17 No.2

The aim of the study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of different forms of tocopherols (T) on cell growth, invasion, and attachment in HCT116 human colon cancer cells. Treatment with γ-T and δ-T significantly inhibited cell growth (by 58.1-97.8% at the concentrations of 50-100 μM), invasion (by 49.4-87.0% at the concentrations of 20-80 μM), and attachment (by 28.2-75.4% at the concentrations of 50-100 μM). α-T, however, did not exhibit such inhibitory activities. δ-T was more active than γ-T in inhibiting cell attachment at the effective concentrations (p<0.05). These studies demonstrated the inhibitory activities of γ-T and δ-T against cell growth, invasion and attachment in HCT116 cells. More studies are needed in order to elucidate detailed mechanisms for the inhibitory action of γ-T and δ-T.

치우침에 민감한 비공정능력지수에 관한 연구

송서일,이보근 동아대학교 공과대학부설 생산기술연구소 1997 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.2

The process incapability index intended to estimate the process capability by measuring process incapability provides more detailed information to evaluate the process capability by dividing information about the process mean and variance. But it is very difficult to evaluate the process capability accurately when the target value is not consistent with the center of specification, and the shape of distribution is changed. The proposed incapability index, in this paper, is specifically designed to help of control skewness-prone manufacturing processes typified by a hole-drilling and/or punching process. It is more sensitive to skewness and changes in the shape of distribution. Hence the proposed incapability index is very useful for monitoring mear-normal processes where loss of capability typically lead to asymmetry.