Flexural Behavior of Polymer Mortar Permanent Forms Using Methyl Methacrylate Solution of Waste Expanded Polystyrene

Bhutta, M. Aamer Rafique,Tsuruta, Ken,Ohama, Yoshihiko Korea Concrete Institute 2008 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.2 No.1

This experimental study examines the applicability of polymer mortar permanent forms using a methyl methacrylate (MMA) solution of waste expanded polystyrene (EPS) to develop effective recycling processes for the EPS, referring to the flexural behavior of a polymer-impregnated mortar permanent form with almost the same performance as commercial products. An MMA solution of EPS is prepared by dissolving EPS in MMA, and unreinforced and steel fiber-reinforced polymer mortars are mixed using the EPS-MMA-based solution as a liquid resin or binder. Polymer mortar permanent forms (PMPFs) using the EPS-MMA-based polymer mortars without and with steel fiber and crimped wire cloth reinforcements and steel fiber-reinforced polymer-impregnated mortar permanent form (PIMPF) are prepared on trial, and tested for flexural behavior under four-point (third-point) loading. The EPS-MMAbased PMPFs are more ductile than the PIMPF, and have a high load-bearing capacity. Consequently, they can replace PIMPF in practical applications.

Classification performance analysis of combined fNIRS-polygraph system using different temporal windows

M. Raheel Bhutta,Keum-Shik Hong,Melissa Jiyoun Hong,Yun-Hee Kim 제어로봇시스템학회 2015 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

Polygraph has been widely used to detect lie which measures some physiological parameters in human body but many researchers believe that lie can be detected more precisely if we can find the neuronal changes which occur during a deception process. To investigate the hemodynamic response related to deception, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is used at the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of the subject. Commercially available polygraph system, Paragon acquisition system (PAS) is used to measure the physiological parameters like respiration and electrodermal activity (EDA) during the deception process. A mock crime scenario with a stimulus of single trial is used as a deception protocol. The acquired data is classified into true and lie classes, based on hemoglobin concentration changes in case of fNIRS and based on the physiological signal changes for polygraph data. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is used as a classifier. In this paper, we have analyzed the effect of different temporal windows in classification of combined fNIRS-polygraph signals for lie detection. The results show that the best time window for fNIRS-polygraph system is 2-7 s and 0-7 s for fNIRS and polygraph data respectively.

Utilization of fNIRS signals as feedback for sensory decoding

M. Raheel Bhutta,Seong-Woo Woo,So-Hyeon Yoo,Jongseo Park,Keum-Shik Hong 제어로봇시스템학회 2017 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.10

Recently researchers have started working in the field of sensory decoding for amputees. They have used either the visual feedback or the response from the subject as their feedback. Many researchers, however, believe that sensory decoding can become more precise if the neuronal changes that occur in the process of stimulations can be isolated and measured. In this study, we have used lab-developed multichannel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to discriminate between hemodynamic responses (HRs) of two different touch stimulations (handshake and ball grasp) applied to the right hand of five healthy male subjects. For all the stimulations, we measured HRs from the left somatosensory cortex. For each stimulation, the activated areas in the brain are analyzed by the t-value comparison between the measured data and the desired hemodynamic response function. The results showed that the corresponding primary somatosensory cortex area is activated for each type of stimulation. Linear discriminant analysis is utilized to classify the acquired data into two classes based on the features (mean and peak values) attained from the HbO signals. Our results indicate the potential of fNIRS to be used as an objective measure to discriminate between different tactile stimulations in the somatosensory cortex of brain.

Development of novel hybrid 2D-3D graphene oxide diamond micro composite polyimide films to ameliorate electrical & thermal conduction

Muhammad Shoaib Bhutta,Tang Xuebang,Shakeel Akram,Chen Yidong,Xiancheng Ren,Muhammad Fasehullah,Ghulam Rasool,Muhammad Tariq Nazir 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.114 No.-

Graphene and its oxides are the most extensively studied, fascinating 2-dimensional Sp2 carbon hybridizedmaterials. Due to its superior and excellent thermal conductivity, it is considered to be a practicalsolution for the thermal dissipation of electric machines electronic components. Furthermore, grapheneoxide invariably reduces electrical insulation capability, which is inappropriate for electrical machinesrequiring low electrical and high thermal conductivity. Therefore, we have created 2D-3D hybrid grapheneoxide (GO)-diamond (DM) micro-composite polyimide (PI) films for high temperature and electricallyinsulated environments of electric machines such as motors and generators. With a modest fillingcharge of 10 wt% GO with 10% diamond (DM), the maximum thermal conductivity of 1.83 Wm-1K1 isachieved for polyimide micro composite and is almost 11 times higher than that of pristine PI films. The 10% PI/GO/DM micro composite films also show lower electrical conductivity than other samples. Hybrid fillers with high thermal and low electrical conductivities are responsible for synergistic improvementsin experimental results.

Classification of fNIRS Signals for Deception Decoding using LDA and SVM

Muhammad Raheel Bhutta,Keum-Shik Hong 제어로봇시스템학회 2013 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.10

Recent advancements in the field of neuroimaging have demonstrated that functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has a great potential for deception decoding. fNIRS is relatively new non-invasive optical imaging technique that has the advantages of safety, low cost, portability and easy to use. Light in the range of near infrared is used in fNIRS to measure the hemoglobin concentrations and thus determine the neural activity. In this paper we have compared the abilities of two classification techniques: linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and support vector machine (SVM), to classify the fNIRS data for deception decoding. Five healthy male subjects participated in deception and truth-telling scenarios separately in this study. Signals from the prefrontal cortex of the subjects were collected using continuous wave fNIRS. HbO and HbR signals were used to define the features and then data was classified using LDA and SVM classifiers. The average classification accuracy of SVM is 87.33 % whereas average classification accuracy for LDA is 78.34 %. The higher classification accuracy resulting from SVM is in accordance with the previous literature.

Flexural Behavior of Polymer Mortar Permanent Forms Using Methyl Methacrylate Solution of Waste Expanded Polystyrene

M. Aamer Rafique Bhutta,Ken Tsuruta,Yoshihiko Ohama 한국콘크리트학회 2008 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.2 No.1

Classification of somatosensory cortex activities using fNIRS

Hong, Keum-Shik,Bhutta, M. Raheel,Liu, Xiaolong,Shin, Yong-Il Elsevier 2017 Behavioural brain research Vol.333 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The ability of the somatosensory cortex in differentiating various tactile sensations is very important for a person to perceive the surrounding environment. In this study, we utilize a lab-made multi-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to discriminate the hemodynamic responses (HRs) of four different tactile stimulations (handshake, ball grasp, poking, and cold temperature) applied to the right hand of eight healthy male subjects. The activated brain areas per stimulation are identified with the <I>t</I>-values between the measured data and the desired hemodynamic response function. Linear discriminant analysis is utilized to classify the acquired data into four classes based on three features (mean, peak value, and skewness) of the associated oxy-hemoglobin (HbO) signals. The HRs evoked by the handshake and poking stimulations showed higher peak values in HbO than the ball grasp and cold temperature stimulations. For comparison purposes, additional two-class classifications of poking vs. temperature and handshake vs. ball grasp were performed. The attained classification accuracies were higher than the corresponding chance levels. Our results indicate that fNIRS can be used as an objective measure discriminating different tactile stimulations from the somatosensory cortex of human brain.</P>

Development of a dual wavelength 32-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy based neuroimaging system

M. Atif Yaqub,M. Raheel Bhutta,Jongseo Park,Keum-Shik Hong 제어로봇시스템학회 2017 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.10

Advancements in the field of neuroscience is essential for our society as the fatality rate due to brain degenerative diseases is quite high. Various modalities have been in use for a long time for brain monitoring. The inexpensive, portable, and easy to operate nature of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has demonstrated that it can be used to measure the concentration changes in the blood chromophores during an activity. In this paper, we have demonstrated our developed fNIRS system that is able to determine the concentration changes in oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin and display them in real-time as well as record the data for future use. Our system is composed of a microcontroller, an optical probe, tri-wavelength light emitting diodes, photodiodes, a serial communication module, and a battery. To test the functionality of the system, phantom brain model was used. During the experiment, the fNIRS system showed the acquired intensity values as well as corresponding hemoglobin changes for 32 channels. The results, obtained during the testing of our system, show that the acquired signal intensity values decrease with increase in the separation between the near-infrared light transmitter and emitter.

CEO Compensation and Unobserved Firm Performance in Pakistan

Muhammad Fayyaz SHEIKH,Aamir Inam BHUTTA,Jahanzaib SULTAN 한국유통과학회 2019 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.6 No.3

The study examines whether higher CEO compensation is related to unobserved future firm performance in an emerging market, Pakistan. Further, it extends its scope to analyzing the impact of group affiliation and ownership concentration on the relationship between CEO compensation and future firm performance. The study uses an unbalanced panel data consisting of 1508 firm-year observations from 225 non-financial listed companies in Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) for period 2005 to 2012. The multiple regression models adjusted to heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation in error terms are used. The study finds that, in general, CEO compensation is positively associated with future operating performance. However, higher CEO compensation leads to lower operating performance in firms that have lower ownership concentration and are affiliated with business groups. When firms are not affiliated with any group and have high ownership concentration, the relationship between excessive CEO compensation and future operating performance becomes insignificant. Given that efficient compensation packages may lead to long term value creation to shareholders and reduce agency problems, this study highlights an important moderating role of ownership concentration and group affiliation of the firms in emerging markets.

Effect of Vinyl Acetate Effluent in Reducing Heat of Hydration of Concrete

Mohammad Ismail,Ainul Haezah Noruzman,Muhammad Aamer Rafique Bhutta,Taliat Ola Yusuf,Ibrahim Hassan Ogiri 대한토목학회 2016 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.20 No.1

Waste generation especially in surface coating industries is a potential pollutant to the environment globally. Waste disposal in the form of recycling or reused has gained some recognition as a raw material in many kind of interested fields. This study is therefore, aimed at utilizing Vinyl acetate effluent generated from manufacturing process of paint as polymer modifier in concrete. The research highlights the influence of Vinyl acetate effluent on setting time and control of heat of hydration in concrete. Three specimens containing 0%, 2.5% and 5% of Vinyl acetate effluent by weight of cement were prepared in cubic moulds. The temperature rises due to heat of hydration in all mixes were recorded. Finding shows that incorporating Vinyl acetate effluent considerably delayed the setting time in cement paste and reduced the total temperature rise in polymer modified concrete. Therefore, addition of Vinyl acetate effluent polymer in concrete may improve the properties of concrete to some extent particularly in mass concrete production.