Students’ Speaking Motivation and their Perspectives on a Task-based Language Classroom: Pedagogical Implications

Mark Bedoya Ulla 아시아영어교육학회 2020 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.17 No.2

An Argument Against Theological Politics

Juan Diego M. Moya-Bedoya 한국종교사회학회 2020 종교와사회 Vol.8 No.1

This paper consists of an argument against Theological Politics (conceived as the exigency to draw politics from the Holy Scriptures). In the first four sections of his textual contribution, the author elucidates the definiendum religion, from the point of view of a polythetical approach. In the last three sections of his textual contribution, the author constructs his polemical argumentative reflections concerning Theological Politics. The objective of his critique is to evince some inadmissible consequences implied by the exigency to draw politics from the Holy Scriptures, ex. g. the curtailment of freedom of thought.

기술혁신 성과에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구 : 연구개발투자와 국가 인프라를 중심으로

이승주(Seungjoo Lee),차현진(hyunjin Cha),Malory Bedoya 한국기술혁신학회 2019 한국기술혁신학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2019 No.11

본 연구는 연구개발투자와 국가 인프라가 기술혁신 성과에 미치는 영향을 파악하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 OECD 회원국 34개국을 대상으로, 국가 기술혁신 성과인 국제특허출원, SCI 논문, 기술수출에 미치는 영향을 패널고정효과 모형(Fixed Effect Model)을 통해 분석하였다. 그 결과, 연구개발투자가 국제특허출원과 SCI 논문 성과에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났으며, 정부의 연구개발투자가 민간보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 국가 인프라 중 기술환경 인프라인 시장진입 용이성은 기술수출 성과를, 법률적 보호 정도가 클수록 SCI 논문 수 성과를 높이는 것으로 났으며, 법률적 보호 정도가 낮을수록 기술수출 성과가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이는 국가 인프라 수준에 따라서 기술혁신의 유형과 결과가 다른 만큼, 기술혁신의 유형별로 인프라를 갖추어야 함을 알 수 있다. 아울러 연구개발투자 및 국가 인프라가 기술혁신 성과에 미치는 영향을 파악할 때, 국가 간의 이질성을 고려해야 함으로써 향후 정책 마련에 반영해야 함을 시사한다. This study examines the effects of R & D investment and national infrastructure on the performance of technological innovation. The achievement of technological innovation is composed of international patent applications, SCI papers, and technology export. We analyze the effect of the achievement of technological innovation on technological innovation performance from 34 OECD member countries through the Fixed Effect Model. The results show that R & D investment was found to have a positive effect on the application for international patent and SCI paper performance, and government R & D investment was higher than that of the private sector. Among the national infrastructures, the ease of entering the market, which is the technological environment infrastructure, was found to increase the performance of technology export, and the higher the degree of legal protection, the higher the number of SCI papers. It can be seen that as the type and result of technological innovation differs according to the level of the national infrastructure, infrastructure for each type of technological innovation should be prepared. In addition, when identifying the impact of R & D investment and national infrastructure on technological innovation performance, it suggests that the heterogeneity between countries should be taken into account in future policy preparation.

Association of Unfavorable Social Determinants of Health With Stroke/Transient Ischemic Attack and Vascular Risk Factors in Hispanic/Latino Adults: Results From Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

Trifan Gabriela,Gallo Linda C.,Lamar Melissa,Garcia-Bedoya Olga,Perreira Krista M.,Pirzada Amber,Talavera Gregory A.,Smoller Sylvia W.,Isasi Carmen R.,Cai Jianwen,Daviglus Martha L.,Testai Fernando D. 대한뇌졸중학회 2023 Journal of stroke Vol.25 No.3

Background and Purpose Social determinants of health (SDOH) are non-medical factors that may contribute to the development of diseases, with a higher representation in underserved populations. Our objective is to determine the association of unfavorable SDOH with self-reported stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) and vascular risk factors (VRFs) among Hispanic/Latino adults living in the US. Methods We used cross-sectional data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. SDOH and VRFs were assessed using questionnaires and validated scales and measurements. We investigated the association between the SDOH (individually and as count: ≤1, 2, 3, 4, or ≥5 SDOH), VRFs and stroke/TIA using regression analyses. Results For individuals with stroke/TIA (n=388), the mean age (58.9 years) differed from those without stroke/TIA (n=11,210; 46.8 years; <i>P</i><0.0001). In bivariate analysis, income <$20,000, education less than high school, no health insurance, perceived discrimination, not currently employed, upper tertile for chronic stress, and lower tertiles for social support and language- and social-based acculturation were associated with stroke/TIA and retained further. A higher number of SDOH was directly associated with all individual VRFs investigated, except for at-risk alcohol, and with number of VRFs (β=0.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.09–0.14). In the fully adjusted model, income, discrimination, social support, chronic stress, and employment status were individually associated with stroke/TIA; the odds of stroke/TIA were 2.3 times higher in individuals with 3 SDOH (95% CI 1.6–3.2) and 2.7 times (95% CI 1.9–3.7) for those with ≥5 versus ≤1 SDOH. Conclusion Among Hispanic/Latino adults, a higher number of SDOH is associated with increased odds for stroke/TIA and VRFs. The association remained significant after adjustment for VRFs, suggesting involvement of non-vascular mechanisms.

Preemptive Analgesia with Acupuncture Monitored by c-Fos Expression in Rats

André T.A. Gonçalves de Freitas,Lino Lemonica,Julio De Faveri,Sergio Pereira,Maria D. Bedoya Henao 사단법인약침학회 2016 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.9 No.1

Pain behavior and awareness are characterized by heightened alertness and anxiety, which begin to disappear as soon as the curative process starts. The present study aimed to quantify c-fos expression in rat spinal cords and brains after a surgical stimulus and with preoperative or postoperative acupuncture. Animals were randomly divided into preoperative and postoperative groups and were then further divided into control, manual acupuncture (MA), or electroacupuncture (EA) groups. Expression of c-fos was quantified using immunohistochemistry. The collected data were analyzed using the t test at a 5% probability level. Presurgery and postsurgery spinal cord c-fos expressions were similar in all of the treatment groups. In the control rats, c-fos expression was higher before surgery than after surgery, contradicting the expected outcome of acupuncture and preemptive analgesia. After treatment, the expression of c-fos in the brains of the rats in the MA and the EA groups was reduced compared with that of the rats in the control group. These findings suggest that acupuncture used as preemptive analgesia in rats is a useful model for studying its application in human treatment.

Gulf of Urabá (Caribbean Colombia), a Tropical Estuary: A Review with Some General Lessons About How it Works

Sebastián Contreras-Fernández,Lennin Florez-Leiva,María Camila Bernal-Sánchez,Wilberto Pacheco-Paternina,Shalenys Bedoya-Valestt,Lorenzo Portillo-Cogollo 한국해양과학기술원 2022 Ocean science journal Vol.57 No.4

Estuaries are highly diverse ecosystems that occur at the interface between land and sea and thus possess a high degree of environmental variation over short spatial and temporal scales. The Gulf of Urabá (1800 km 2; mean depth ~ 40 m) is a semiclosed estuarine area located in the southwestern part of the Caribbean Sea (South America). This large coastal–estuarine ecosystem operates as a biogeochemical reactor due to it featuring examples of high nutrient concentrations on the surface (NO 3- = 1619 μM; NO 2- = 0.505 μM; NH 4+  = 2.938 μM; PO 4 3- = 7.603 μM), high Chl α (max = 30.17; min = 0.02; mean = 9 mg m−3), as well as blooms of toxic algae, mostly Pseudo-nitzschia pseudodelicatissima. An outbreak of Tripos fusus causes bioluminescence and about 20 events of hypoxia (< 2–4 mg O 2 L−1) within a time series of 10 years. Despite this, information regarding the biological and biogeochemical oceanography (chlorophyll α, biomass, planktonic composition, nutrient cycling, mass balance of elements, and interannual variability) remains non-existent. Therefore, elucidating an ecosystem’s thresholds for various features is necessary for managing marine ecosystems, and especially for climate change projections. We here present a review of the functioning of this estuary, evaluating and reviewing each aspect of oceanographic variability.