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Sharad Kumar Dwivedi,Santosh Kumar,Narayan Bhakta,Ashish Kumar Srivastava,Janki Sharan Mishra,Virendar Kumar,B H Kumara,Bhagwati Prasad Bhatt,Sudhanshu Singh 한국작물학회 2018 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.21 No.4
In flood-prone areas, rice must have flood tolerance characteristics either through genotypic selections or by nutrient application management strategies. The current study was conducted at ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna during the wet season to investigate the effect of post-flood nutrient application methods on submerged rice survival and productivity. Our study showed that the 3-d submergence duration had no effect on the survival (100%) of 21-day-old seedlings but survival percentage decreased to 97 and 65% at 7-d and 11-d submergence, respectively. Total chlorophyll, total soluble sugar, and starch concentrations also exhibited a similar pattern of decline. The activity of anti-oxidative defense enzymes (CAT, POX, SOD, and APX), recorded just after de-submergence was found to be 1.5-10-foldhigher than before submergence, increasing with the increase in the severity of stress. Additional post-flood application of K2O and N at 5-6 days after de-submergence led to the improvement in photosynthetic rate, yield attributes, and grain yield. An additional 10 kg each of N and K2O produced maximum 1000-grain weight and higher grain yield and harvest index. After submergence, the meta-analysis exhibited a significant reduction in total chlorophyll concentration due to increasing submergence duration, whereas the significantly higher activity of antioxidants was recorded irrespective of submergence duration. In association with the better anti-oxidative defense mechanism of Sub1 varieties, the additional doses of N and K2O at 5-d after de-submergence significantly enhanced the survival, post-flood recovery, and the rate of photosynthesis after de-submergence. These nutrient management options can provide an opportunity to explore the productivity potential of the SUB1-introgressed variety under natural flash-flood conditions, helping to cope with the existing problems in flood-prone areas. The findings of the study suggest that a proper time and method of N application with basal P can significantly contribute to higher rice yield in flash-flood prone areas.
Vinod Kumar Sharma,G. Srinivasa Rao,C. M. Bhatt,Abhinav Kumar Shukla,Ashish Kumar Mishra,V. Bhanumurthy 대한공간정보학회 2017 Spatial Information Research Vol.25 No.5
Value added flood products helps decision makers in an efficient relief and rescue operations. On time availability of flood products, may help decision makers, in early decision making. Indian monsoon causes floods in several Indian states at a time, every year. Mapping multiple states at a time needs lot of man power and expertise. Manual flood mapping process is a time consuming process. Automatic procedures, for delineating flood and generation of value added products from satellite images can reduce the critical time-span. In the present study, an attempt is made to automate the entire flood mapping chain. The prototype study, is demonstrated for the state of Assam and the modules developed are tested for the multiple flood events during the Brahmaputra floods of August–September, 2016. The modules are checked for each stage and their outputs are validated with those as derived from manual procedures. The study has demonstrated significant reduction in the turn out time for flood response, which is very important during rapid disaster response.
Himanshu Mishra,Vikas Kumar,Ashish Kumar 국립중앙과학관 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.11 No.3
A field study was carried out to investigate the population status, behavior, and distribution pattern of river lapwings during the study period of 2015–2017 in the Raebareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. There was a significant difference in the mean population of river lapwings along the study sites but less significant difference in the mean population seasonally. An average of 541 individuals of river lapwings have been reported during the study period. The mean population size was maximum (164.5 ± 28.67) at Gegaso in 2016 and minimum (56.25 ± 28.34) at Sultanpur Barhaia in 2017, whereas the seasonal population status showed maximum (199.5 ± 2.12) count in the summer season at Gegaso and minimum (52.0 ± 4.2) in winter at Sultanpur Barhaia. Moreover, maximum (n = 38) nesting pairs were estimated at Gegaso and least (n = 11) at Unchahar. There was less significant difference in the number of chicks counted in both the breeding seasons (2016 and 2017), but significantly a higher number of chicks (n = 86) were documented at Gegaso and least (n = 25) at Sultanpur Barhaia. Overall, there was no significant difference in the behavioral activities during the breeding and nonbreeding season. The present study clearly indicates that the river bank was the most preferred habitat type and that the distribution pattern was found to be clumped in river lapwings.
Vikas Kumar,Himanshu Mishra,Ashish Kumar 국립중앙과학관 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.14 No.1
A total of 415 individuals of river lapwing were counted in four habitats namely open, unvegetated riverbank, vegetated river bank, river island and crop field, whereas foraging behavior was observed by focalobservation. River lapwings used walk-halt-peck technique most frequently throughout the year in allthe four habitats. Our study suggested that foraging techniques in all the four habitats were non-significantwhereas foraging success varied significantly (p¼0.049, df ¼ 3). During summer, the feeding ratewas significantly different (p˂< 0.0001, F ¼ 12.43, df ¼ 2) at open, unvegetated, river bank from otherhabitats. Moreover, foraging success rate was observed to be varied significantly (p < 0.0001, F ¼13.52, df¼ 2) in all the seasons and across all the habitats. The present study suggests that open, unvegetated riverbank was most preferred habitat since foraging success was significantly different in this habitat.
Rohit Sharma,Ashish Kumar,Anit Dawar,Sunil Ojha,Ambuj Mishra,Anshu Goyal,Radhapiyari Laishram,V. G. Sathe,RITU SRIVASTAVA,Om Prakash Sinha 한국전기전자재료학회 2023 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.24 No.2
Field effect transistors (FETs) are considered as the backbone of electronic industry. In this study, we adopted a simple drop cast method for the fabrication of MoS2 and WS2 channel based FET on commercially available pre-patterned OFET devices. The synthesis of few-layers thick MoS2 and WS2 nanosheets (NSs) has been done by solvent-assisted exfoliation method. FESEM and TEM study reveals that NSs have lateral dimensions in micron and have polycrystalline nature. From XPS, it is observed that MoS2 NSs has 2H phase whereas WS2 have hybrid 1T and 2H phase. The frequency difference in Raman vibrational mode for MoS2 and WS2 NSs is 24.08 cm-1 and 63.84 cm-1 respectively, confirms that number of layers is reduced after sonication. UV-visible spectroscopy reveals that the bandgap is 1.7 eV and 1.8 eV for MoS2 and WS2 NSs respectively. Later, these nanosheets have been drop-casted as the channel material on pre-patterned FETs devices and their output and transfer characteristics have been studied. It found that the current On/Off ratio is 10 4 and 10 3 for MoS 2 and WS2-FET device respectively. This facile fabrication of FET devices may provide a new stage for researchers who do not have access of lithography facilities for FET fabrication.
Rahul,Kulbhushan Haldeniya,Ashish Singh,Neha Bhatt,Prabhakar Mishra,Rajneesh Kumar Singh,Rajan Saxena 한국간담췌외과학회 2021 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.25 No.4
Backgrounds/Aims: Re-resection of incidental gallbladder carcinoma (IGBC) is possible in a select group of patients. However, the optimal timing for re-intervention lacks consensus. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for a prospective database of 91 patients with IGBC managed from 2009 to 2018. Patients were divided into three groups based on the duration between the index cholecystectomy and re-operation or final staging: Early (E), < 4 weeks; Intermediate (I), > 4 weeks and < 12 weeks; and Late (L), > 12 weeks. Demographic data, tumor characteristics, and operative details of patients were analyzed to determine factors affecting the re-resectability of IGBC. Results: Twenty-two patients in ‘E’, 48 in ‘I’, and 21 in ‘L’ groups were evenly matched. Nearly two thirds were asymptomatic. Curative resection was possible in 48 (52.7%) patients. Metastasis was detected during staging laparoscopy (SL)/laparotomy in 26 (28.6%) patients. The yield of SL was more in the ‘L’ group (30.8%) than in the ‘I’ (11.1%) or ‘E’ (nil) group, avoiding unnecessary laparotomy in 13.6%. Only 28.5% of patients in the ‘L’ group could undergo curative resection (R0/R1 resection), significantly less than that in the ‘E’ (50.0%) or ‘I’ group (64.6%) (both p < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, presentation in intermediate period and tumor differentiation increased the chance of curative resection (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Asymptomatic patients in the ‘I’ group with well differentiated IGBC have the best chance of obtaining a curative resection.
Sharma, Chandra Mohan,Tiwari, Om Prakash,Rana, Yashwant Singh,Krishan, Ram,Mishra, Ashish Kumar Institute of Forest Science 2016 Journal of Forest Science Vol.32 No.4
The present study was conducted on ridge tops of moist temperate Oak forests in Garhwal Himalaya to assess the plant diversity, regeneration, biomass production and carbon assimilation in different Oak forests. For this purpose, three Oak forest types viz., (a) Quercus leucotrichophora or Banj Oak (FT1; between 1,428-2,578 m asl), (b) Quercus floribunda or Moru Oak (FT2; between 2,430-2,697 m asl) and (c) Quercus semecarpifolia or Kharsu Oak (FT3; between 2,418-3,540 m asl) were selected on different ridge tops in Bhagirathi catchment area of Garhwal Himalaya. A total of 91 plant species including 23 trees (8 gymnosperms and 15 angiosperms), 21 shrubs and 47 herbs species belonging to 46 families were recorded from all the ridge top Oak forests. The highest mean tree density ($607{\pm}33.60trees\;ha^{-1}$) was observed in Q. floribunda forest with lower mean total basal cover (TBC) value ($48.02{\pm}3.67m^2ha^{-1}$), whereas highest TBC value ($80.16{\pm}3.30m^2ha^{-1}$) was recorded for Q. semecarpifolia forest, with lowest mean stem density ($594{\pm}23.43stems\;ha^{-1}$). The total biomass density (TBD) across three Oak forests ranged between $497.32{\pm}83.70$ (FT1) and $663.16{\pm}93.85t\;ha^{-1}$ (FT3), while the total carbon density (TCD) values ranged between $228.75{\pm}22.27$ (FT1) and $304.31{\pm}18.12t\;ha^{-1}$ (FT3). Most of the tree species were found with good regeneration (GR) status (average 45%) in all the forest types whereas, few species were found not regenerating (NR) (average 17%) however, few new recruitments were also recorded. ANOVA (Post-Hoc Tukey's test at 5% significance level) indicated significant forest-wise differences in TBC, TBD and TCD (in tree layer); family and evenness (in shrub layer only) values, while insignificant differences were noticed in density values of tree, seedling and herb layer.
Chandra Mohan Sharma,Om Prakash Tiwari,Yashwant Singh Rana,Ram Krishan,Ashish Kumar Mishra 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2016 Journal of Forest Science Vol.32 No.4
The present study was conducted on ridge tops of moist temperate Oak forests in Garhwal Himalaya to assess the plant diversity, regeneration, biomass production and carbon assimilation in different Oak forests. For this purpose, three Oak forest types viz., (a) Quercus leucotrichophora or Banj Oak (FT1; between 1,428-2,578 m asl), (b) Quercus floribunda or Moru Oak (FT2; between 2,430-2,697 m asl) and (c) Quercus semecarpifolia or Kharsu Oak (FT3; between 2,418-3,540 m asl) were selected on different ridge tops in Bhagirathi catchment area of Garhwal Himalaya. A total of 91 plant species including 23 trees (8 gymnosperms and 15 angiosperms), 21 shrubs and 47 herbs species belonging to 46 families were recorded from all the ridge top Oak forests. The highest mean tree density (607±33.60 trees ha-1) was observed in Q. floribunda forest with lower mean total basal cover (TBC) value (48.02± 3.67 m2ha-1), whereas highest TBC value (80.16±3.30 m2ha-1) was recorded for Q. semecarpifolia forest, with lowest mean stem density (594±23.43 stems ha-1). The total biomass density (TBD) across three Oak forests ranged between 497.32±83.70 (FT1) and 663.16±93.85 t ha-1 (FT3), while the total carbon density (TCD) values ranged between 228.75±22.27 (FT1) and 304.31±18.12 t ha-1 (FT3). Most of the tree species were found with good regeneration (GR) status (average 45%) in all the forest types whereas, few species were found not regenerating (NR) (average 17%) however, few new recruitments were also recorded. ANOVA (Post-Hoc Tukey’s test at 5% significance level) indicated significant forest-wise differences in TBC, TBD and TCD (in tree layer); family and evenness (in shrub layer only) values, while insignificant differences were noticed in density values of tree, seedling and herb layer.