Dual inhibitory effects of resveratrol in tobacco-carcinogen induced lung cancer via down-regulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway

( Vikas Kumar ),( Firoz Anwar ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.-

Purpose: Phosphoinositide 3- kinase (PI3K)-AKT-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways is considered as the singling pathway which activates the diverse cellular function viz., survival, cell expansion, vesicular transport and proliferation and found frequently dysregulated pathway in lung cancer. Consequently, flavonoids-based inhibitors play a key kinase role in the pathway including mTOR, PI3K and AKT, have been extensively scrutinized in targeting the oncology in recent years. The common pathway to PI3K-Akt-mTOR used to target during the lung cancer therapy. Therefore, the current study was aimed to peruse the resveratrol as dual PI3K/mTOR for lung cancer. Method: In the current experimental study mice were randomly divided into different groups. The oxidative stress was evaluated in term of antioxidant parameters, interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6 were measured via using the standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. The concentration of PI3K, P-PI3K, mTOR, P-mTOR Akt and P-Akt were determined via using the Western blot techniques. We also performed the histopathological study to identify the changes during the disease. Result: Resveratrol significantly suppressed the oxidative stress via improving the status of endogenous antioxidant parameters such as SOD (43.4%), CAT (48.5%), GSH (52.4%) and MPO (47.6%); proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-α (49.5%), IL-6 (43.4%), IL-1 β (53.4%) in a dose dependent manner. Disease control group mice confirmed the change in protein levels of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in lung as compared to normal control, which were significantly down-regulated by the Resveratrol in a dose dependent manner. In the histological study, we observed that the Resveratrol substantially reduced the benzopyrene induced neutrophils in lung tissue. Conclusion: It can be concluded that Resveratrol has shown promising anticancer effect via attenuation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR against lung cancer and signifies the potential therapeutic relevance for further development.

Investigations on magnetic and electrical properties of Zn doped Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles and their correlation with local electronic structures

Kumar, Parmod,Sharma, Vikas,Singh, Jitendra P.,Kumar, Ashish,Chahal, Surjeet,Sachdev, K.,Chae, K.H.,Kumar, Ashok,Asokan, K.,Kanjilal, D. Elsevier 2019 Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials Vol.489 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Present work aims at investigating the structural, magnetic and dielectric properties of zinc doped Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanoparticles (pure, 10%, 20% & 30%) and correlated with their local electronic structures using X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction and Raman measurements infer that doping of Zn cations lead to the formation of secondary phases corresponding to ZnFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> along with the hematite phase of Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>. Magnetic measurements show that magnetization vs magnetic field curve for 10% Zn doping exhibit maximum saturation magnetization (~2.93 × 10<SUP>−3</SUP> emu/g) as well as the coercivity (~956 Oe). The values of these parameters decrease for higher content of Zn. The temperature dependence of dielectric behaviour follows the same trend as that of the lattice parameter and magnetic measurements. The XANES spectra at Fe L- and Fe K-edges indicate partial reduction of Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> ions into Fe<SUP>2+</SUP> upon Zn doping in the Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> lattice. However, divalent state is favourable for Zn (i.e. Zn<SUP>2+</SUP>) within the doping range reported in this study.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Zn doped Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanoparticles. </LI> <LI> Study of magnetic and electrical properties. </LI> <LI> Correlation of magnetic and electrical properties with local electronic structure. </LI> </UL> </P>

Chemistry and pharmacology of withania somnifera: An update

Vikas Kumar,Amitabha Dey,Mallinath B. Hadimani,Tatjana Marcović,Mila Emerald 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2015 TANG Vol.5 No.1

Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) is an important Rasayana herb and widely considered as Indian ginseng in Ayurveda. In traditional system of Indian medicine, it is used as tonic to rejuvenate the body and increase longevity. In Ayurvedic preparations, various parts of the plant have been used to treat variety of ailments that affect the human health. However, dried roots of the plant are widely used for the treatment of nervous and sexual disorders. The major active chemical constituents of this plant are withanolides, which is responsible for its wide range of biological activities. Since the beginning of the 20th century, a significant amount of research has been done and efforts are ongoing to further explore other bioactive constituents, and many pharmacological studies have been carried out to describe their disease preventing mechanisms. In this chapter, we have reviewed the chemistry and pharmacological basis of W. somnifera in various human ailments.

Prediction of Hybrid Performance Based on the Genetic Distance of Parental Lines in Two-Line Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Hybrids

Vikas Kumar Singh,Priti Upadhyay,Pallavi Sinha,Ashish Kumar Mall,Ranjith K. Ellur,Atul Singh,Sanjay K.Jaiswal,Sunil Biradar,S. Ramakrishna,R.M. Sundaram,Ilyas Ahmed,B. C. Viraktamath,C. Kole,Sukhpal S 한국작물학회 2011 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.14 No.1

A total of six TGMS (thermosensitive genic male sterile lines) and nine pollinator lines were subjected to molecular characterization using 48 genome-wide SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers. Cluster analysis revealed clear differentiation among the TGMS lines according to their source of origin. The SSR-based genetic distance between the hybrids of the parental lines ranged from 0.36to 0.79 suggesting a high degree of genetic divergence. Among a set of 54 hybrids generated using parental lines, 32 showed better parent heterosis (+21.7%) while 19 showed mid-parent heterosis (+15.0%). For the trait yield per plant genetic distance (GD) was negatively correlated with F1 performance (r = -0.202), mid-parent heterosis (r = -0.325*; P < 0.05), and better parent heterosis (r = -0.261), while it was positively correlated with specific combining ability (r = 0.042). Based on the grouped genetic distance (GGD),the hybrid combinations were divided into four groups. The GGD showed linear correlation with hybrid performance within the group (GGD = 40 - 50: r = -0.07; GGD = 70 - 80: r = 0.32). This information can be utilized in the development of higher yielding,two-line rice hybrids through selection of intermediately diverse parental lines using GGD.

Early Outcomes of Dual-Pivot Total Knee Replacement Compared to an Ultracongruent Design

Vikas Kulshrestha,Munish Sood,Santhosh Kumar,Pardeep Kumar,Abin Stanley,Prashanth P Padhi 대한정형외과학회 2022 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.14 No.4

Background: With a quest to optimize outcomes, there have been significant advancements in modern designs of total knee implants, attempting to mimic the natural knee motion and feel. One such new design reproducing the medial and lateral knee pivot is a dual-pivot (DP) knee. In the present study, we endeavored to compare the performance of the DP knee vis-a-vis an ultracongruent (UC) Knee design. Methods: This prospective cohort study was performed in a joint replacement center of a tertiary care military hospital. We enrolled 50 patients each in the DP knee group and the UC knee group and assessed knee flexion, patient-reported outcome (new Knee Society Score [nKSS]), patient performance (Delaware Osteoarthritis Profile Score), and function (Forgotten Joint Score [FJS]) at 2 years of follow-up. Results: The nKSS was similar in the two groups. In the DP group, patients had significantly better improvement in the stair climb test (p = 0.026). In the UC group, timed up and go test was significantly better (p = 0.004). The gain in knee flexion was similar in the two groups: 26.3° ± 23.3° in the DP group and 27.5° ± 27.5° in the UC group (p = 0.930). Return to activity as judged by 2-year FJS was similar in both groups (p = 0.687). Conclusions: Our study showed that the DP knee design had similar knee function to the UC knee. The DP knee design had significantly better stair climbing ability, whereas getting up from chair was better in the UC knee design. With comparable patientreported outcome and possible differences in patient performance in terms of day-to-day activities, any future trial should focus on comparing patient performance.

Does Risk Mitigation Reduce 90-Day Complications in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty?: A Cohort Study

Vikas Kulshrest,Munish Sood,Santhosh Kumar,Nikhil Sood,Pradeep Kumar,Prashanth P Padhi 대한정형외과학회 2022 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.14 No.1

Background: With ever-increasing demand for total knee arthroplasty (TKA), most healthcare systems around the world are concerned about its socioeconomic burden. Most centers have universally adopted well-defined clinical care pathways to minimize adverse outcomes, maximize volume, and limit costs. However, there are no prospective comparative trials reporting benefits of these risk mitigation (RM) strategies. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study comparing post-TKA 90-day complications between patients undergoing RM before surgery and those following a standard protocol (SP). In the RM group, we used a 20-point checklist to screen for modifiable risk factors and evaluate the need for optimizing non-modifiable comorbidities. Only when optimization goals were achieved, patients were offered TKA. Results: TKA was performed in 811 patients in the SP group and in 829 in the RM group, 40% of which were simultaneous bilateral TKA. In both groups, hypertension was the most prevalent comorbidity (48%), followed by diabetes (20%). A total of 43 (5.3%) procedure-related complications were seen over the 90-day postoperative period in the SP group, which was significantly greater than 26 (3.1%) seen in the RM group (p = 0.039). The commonest complication was pulmonary thromboembolic, 6 in each group. Blood transfusion rate was higher in the SP group (6%) than in the RM group (< 1%). Conclusions: Screening and RM can reduce 90-day complications in patients undergoing TKA.

Foraging behavior in river lapwing, Vanellus duvaucelii (Lesson, 1826) (Charadriiformes: Charadriidae): Differences in technique, prey, and habitat

Vikas Kumar,Himanshu Mishra,Ashish Kumar 국립중앙과학관 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.14 No.1

A total of 415 individuals of river lapwing were counted in four habitats namely open, unvegetated riverbank, vegetated river bank, river island and crop field, whereas foraging behavior was observed by focalobservation. River lapwings used walk-halt-peck technique most frequently throughout the year in allthe four habitats. Our study suggested that foraging techniques in all the four habitats were non-significantwhereas foraging success varied significantly (p¼0.049, df ¼ 3). During summer, the feeding ratewas significantly different (p˂< 0.0001, F ¼ 12.43, df ¼ 2) at open, unvegetated, river bank from otherhabitats. Moreover, foraging success rate was observed to be varied significantly (p < 0.0001, F ¼13.52, df¼ 2) in all the seasons and across all the habitats. The present study suggests that open, unvegetated riverbank was most preferred habitat since foraging success was significantly different in this habitat.

Antidiabetic effect of Luffa cylindrical extract against the streptozotocin induced diabetes via alteration of glucose transporter 2 and sodium-glucose cotransporter 1

Vikas KUMAR,Vastvikta SAHAI 한국간담췌외과학회 2021 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.25 No.-

Potential of some traditionally used edible plants for prevention and cure of diabesity associated comorbidities

Vikas Kumar,Ajit Kumar Thakur,Suruchi Verma,Vaishali Yadav,Shyam Sunder Chatterjee 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2015 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.5 No.2

Medicinal uses of edible and other plants for prevention and cure of obesity and overweight associated metabolic and mental health problems have since long been known to scholars and practitioners of Ayurvedic and other traditionally known system of medicine. Modernized versions of numerous edible plant derived formulations mentioned in ancient Ayurvedic texts are at present some of the most popular, or best selling, herbal remedies in India and numerous other countries suffering from double burden of diseases caused by malnutrition and obesity. Preclinical and clinical information now available on edible plants and their bioactive constituents justify traditionally known medicinal uses of products derived from them for prevention and cure of obesity associated type-2 diabetes, psychopathologies and other health problems. Such information now available on a few edible Ayurvedic plants and their formulations and suggesting that their stress response regulating effects are involved in their broad spectrums of bioactivity profiles are summarized in this communication. Implications of recent physiological and pharmacological observations made with numerous phytochemicals isolated from edible plants for better understanding of traditionally known medicinal uses of herbal remedies are also pointed out.

Experimental Investigation of Ejector-Assisted Vapor Compression System

Vikas Kumar,GULSHAN SACHDEVA 대한설비공학회 2019 International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.27 No.3

The performance of an ejector as an expansion device rather than the conventional expansion valve or capillary tube in a vapor compression system is experimentally analyzed. Experiments have been conducted using 28 ejectors of different dimensions at the same condenser and evaporator temperatures, and it has been observed that for utmost performance, an optimum area ratio of the ejector is required. One of the ejector geometry has been experimented further for a wide range of condenser and evaporator temperatures. The coefficient of performance is found to be enhanced by at least 10% in comparison to the conventional vapor compression system for the considered range of condenser and evaporator temperatures and the maximum improvement in COP obtained is 12.83% at 14.3∘C evaporator temperature and 32.4∘C condenser temperature with 17.9211 ejector area ratio. The refrigerant R134a has been used as the working substance.