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Degradable poly(amido amine)s as gene delivery carriers
Arote, Rohidas B,Jiang, Hu-Lin,Kim, You-Kyoung,Cho, Myung-Haing,Choi, Yun-Jaie,Cho, Chong-Su Informa UK, Ltd. 2011 Expert opinion on drug delivery Vol.8 No.9
<P><B><I>Introduction:</I></B> In recent years, there has been a great deal of interest in the development of vectors which are being developed based on the capacity of polymers to mediate appropriate interactions with the cellular environment, or to interface with specific cellular processes. Several such vectors have been synthesized, resulting in biomacromolecules with low cytotoxicity and higher gene delivery ability.</P><P><B><I>Areas covered:</I></B> This review briefly describes the recent success of poly(amido amine)s (PAAs) as non-viral vectors, and highlights their promising future in the development of nucleic acid-based therapy. It also provides an overview on the synthesis, characterization and application of PAAs as gene carriers, which will be useful for various biological motifs. This review helps the readers to better understand the emergence of non-viral vectors for gene therapy, especially PAAs, their properties, their advantages and disadvantages and the gene therapy based on them.</P><P><B><I>Expert opinion:</I></B> The future of gene-based therapy needs to identify approaches to develop new carriers, depending on the properties of the biological membranes they face, and their physicochemical properties, in order to successfully deliver the genes to the target sites. With the emergence of a variety of non-viral vectors, such as biodegradable polymers, it may not take long before non-viral vectors are observed that are not just safe and tissue-specific, but even more efficient than viral vectors.</P>
Folate conjugated poly(ester amine) for lung cancer therapy.
Arote, Rohidas B,Yoon, Mi-Kyong,Kim, Tae-Hee,Jere, Dhananjay,Jiang, Hu-Lin,Kim, You-Kyoung,Park, In-Kyu,Cho, Chong-Su American Scientific Publishers 2010 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.10 No.5
<P>Folate conjugated poly(ester amine) (PEA) was prepared by reaction of folic acid with PEAs based on polycaprolactone (PCL) and low molecular weight polyethylenimine (LMW-PEI) with PEG as a linker. This novel gene carrier showed excellent physicochemical properties and relatively low cytotoxicity compared with PEI 25K. It showed excellent transfection efficiency through folate receptor mediated endocytosis.</P>
Choi, Min-Koo,Arote, Rohidas,Kim, Sun-Young,Chung, Suk-Jae,Shim, Chang-Koo,Cho, Chong-Su,Kim, Dae-Duk Informa Healthcare 2007 JOURNAL OF DRUG TARGETING Vol.15 No.10
<P> The purpose of this study was to prepare and characterize poly (ester amine) (PEA)/pGL3 complexes and investigate their transfection efficiency in human nasal epithelial (HNE) cells. Particle size, zeta potential, and gel retardation characteristics of PEA /pGL3 complexes were also measured. After treatment of DNase-I, protection and release assay of PEA/pGL3 complexes were performed. To assess the transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity, measurement of relative luciferase activity and MTS assay were performed. PEA/pGL3 complexes showed effective and stable DNA condensation with the particle sizes below 200 nm, implicating their potential for intracellular delivery. PEA/pGL3 complexes successfully transfected into the HNE cells with higher viability of the cells. These results suggested that, the PEA can be used as an efficient cationic polymeric vehicle which provides a versatile platform for further investigation of structure property relationship along with the controlled degradation, significant low cytotoxicity, and high transfection efficiency of the primary HNE cells.</P>
Alginate-Coated Thiolated Chitosan Microspheres for an Oral Drug Delivery System In Vitro
Jiang, Hu Lin,Arote, Rohidas B.,Quan, Ji Shan,Yoo, Mi Kyong,Kim, You Kyoung,Kim, In Yong,Hong, Zhong Shan,Lee, Hong Gu,Jin, Xun,Choi, Yun Jaie,Cho, Chong Su Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2007 Key Engineering Materials Vol.342 No.-
<P>Thiolated polymers have been studied by many researchers because of the mucoadhesive properties of thiol group. Alginate is a natural and biocompatible polymer that has been widely used in drug delivery. In this study, thiolated chitosan microspheres (TCMs) were prepared by ionic gelation process with tripolyphosphate and then, the bovine growth hormone (BGH) was loaded as a model drug. Finally, the BGH-loaded TCMs (BTCMs) were coated with alginate to improve the stability in gastrointestinal (GI) track. The alginate-coated BTCMs (ABTCMs) were observed as spherical shapes. The average particle sizes of ABTCMs were 6.97±0.55 -m and the sizedistribution was shown uniformly. Release of BGH from ABTCMs was decreased by coating with alginate and increased rapidly with the change in medium pH from 1.2 to 7.4. Results indicate that the ABTCMs have a potential as a drug carrier for oral drug delivery.</P>
Kim, Tae Hee,Cook, Seung Eun,Arote, Rohidas B.,Cho, Myung-Haing,Nah, Jae Woon,Choi, Yun Jaie,Cho, Chong Su WILEY-VCH Verlag 2007 Macromolecular bioscience Vol.7 No.5
<P>Polyethylenimine (PEI) is a well-known cationic polymer which has high transfection efficiency due to its buffering effect. However, nondegradability, cytotoxicity, aggregation, and short-circulation time in vivo still need to be overcome for a successful gene delivery. Degradable, hyperbranched poly(ester amine)s (PEAs) based on poloxamer diacrylate and low molecular weight branched PEI, were successfully synthesized and evaluated as a nonviral gene carrier. The PEAs were obtained in significant yields through Michael type addition reaction of diacrylate monomers and low molecular weight branched PEI. Analysis of degradation products by the reduction in molecular weight demonstrated that PEAs degrade in a controlled fashion. The PEA showed good DNA binding ability and the sizes of complexes under physiological condition were below 150 nm, implicating its potential for intracellular delivery. It showed lower cytotoxicity in three different cell lines (A549, 293T, and HepG2) compared with PEI 25K. PEAs showed much higher transfection efficiencies in three cell lines compared with PEI 25K and PEI 1.8K, and revealed little serum dependency in A549 cell line when the content of poloxamer in the PEA was increased up to 30%.</P><P> <img src='wiley_img/16165187-2007-7-5-MABI200600245-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img/16165187-2007-7-5-MABI200600245-gra001'> </P>