Biobutanol as a promising liquid fuel for the future - recent updates and perspectives

Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan,Mathimani, Thangavel,Varjani, Sunita,Rene, Eldon R.,Kumar, Gopalakrishnan,Kim, Sang-Hyoun,Ponnusamy, Vinoth Kumar,Yoon, Jeong-Jun Elsevier 2019 Fuel Vol.253 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Butanol is a potential alternative fuel for compensating the depletion of fossil based liquid fuels. Butanol can be easily mixed with either gas or petrol, at any percentage and used as a fuel. <I>Clostridia</I> are the main fermentative organisms used for the production of biobutanol. They are potentially known for their capacity to ferment different types of renewable biomass to butanol through the acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation pathway. This review deals with the mechanism of biobutanol production from biomass feedstocks and the issues and challenges involved in the production of biobutanol. The different types of anaerobic biobutanol production namely fed-batch fermentation, continuous fermentation, and two-stage continuous fermentation have been clearly enunciated. Further, different butanol recovery methods such as adsorption, gas stripping and pervaporation have also been discussed in this review. Certain issues affecting the biobutanol production such as sporulation and solventogenesis have been summarized. These types of problems could be overcome by metabolic engineering of <I>Clostridia</I>, which will enhance the resistance of the microorganisms towards high solvent concentrations and thereby increasing the solvent production. The genetic engineering approach is able to overcome the constraints with wild-type strain by understanding the process of solventogenesis in order to construct or modify the strains with improved downstream processing potential for economically advantageous biobutanol production.</P>

Process performance of biohydrogen production using glucose at various HRTs and assessment of microbial dynamics variation via q-PCR

Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan,Anburajan, Parthiban,Park, Jong-Hun,Kumar, Gopalakrishnan,Sivagurunathan, Periyasamy,Kim, Sang-Hyoun Elsevier 2017 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.42 No.45

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This paper describes the continuous biohydrogen production in a mesophilic fixed-bed reactor using anaerobic digester sludge as an inoculum. Hydraulic retention times (HRTs) were decreased stepwise from 12 to 1.5 h, while 15 g/L of glucose was used as the model substrate. The peak hydrogen production performance was found at 1.5 h HRT with the hydrogen yield (HY) of 2.3 mol H<SUB>2</SUB>/mol glucose<SUB>added</SUB> and the hydrogen production rate (HPR) of 78 L H<SUB>2</SUB>/L-d. Butyrate and acetate were the major soluble metabolic products released during the fermentation. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and scanning electron microscopy analyses implied that <I>Clostridium butyricum</I> was dominant in the mixed culture fermentation in all the examined HRTs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Continuous hydrogen fermentation of glucose by fixed bed reactor has been demonstrated. </LI> <LI> Peak HY and HPR were obtained as 2.3 mol H2/mol glucose<SUB>added</SUB> and 78 L H2/L-d. </LI> <LI> <I>Clostridium butyricum</I> was dominant in the mixed culture fermentation. </LI> </UL> </P>

High-rate H₂ production from Organic Sources: Past, Present and Future

Parthiban Anburajan,Arivalagan Pugazhendhi,Obuli P. Karthikeyan,Ashok Pandey,Sang-Hyoun Kim 대한환경공학회 2019 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2019 No.-

Effect of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) on high-rate continuous biohydrogen production from galactose

Anburajan, Parthiban,Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan,Park, Jong-Hun,Sivagurunathan, Periyasamy,Kumar, Gopalakrishnan,Kim, Sang-Hyoun Elsevier Applied Science 2018 Bioresource Technology Vol.247 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study investigated the effect of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) on high-rate continuous fermentative H<SUB>2</SUB> production in a lab-scale fixed bed reactor (FBR) inoculated with mixed culture granules and fed with 15g/L galactose at a hydraulic retention time of 6h and at 37°C. During the 83days of operation, 5-HMF up to 2.4g/L was spiked into the feedstock. The maximum hydrogen production performance of 26.6L/L-d and 2.9mol H<SUB>2</SUB>/mol galactose<SUB>added</SUB> were achieved at 5-HMF concentration of 0.6g/L. 5-HMF concentration exceeding 0.9g/L not only inhibited hydrogen production but also affected the biofilm structure and microbial community population. However, when 5-HMF was eliminated from the feedstock, the performance and microbial community population were rapidly recovered.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> 5-HMF at or over 0.9g/L inhibited continuous H<SUB>2</SUB> production from galactose. </LI> <LI> 5-HMF shifted dominant groups from <I>Clostridium butyricum</I> to <I>Lactobacillus</I>. </LI> <LI> Inhibition to continuous culture was milder than that to batch culture. </LI> <LI> Inhibition was rapidly overcome when 5-HMF was eliminated from feedstock. </LI> </UL> </P>

Biohydrogen fermentation of galactose at various substrate concentrations in an immobilized system and its microbial correspondence

Sivagurunathan, Periyasamy,Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan,Kumar, Gopalakrishnan,Park, Jong-Hun,Kim, Sang-Hyoun Elsevier 2018 Journal of bioscience and bioengineering Vol.125 No.5

<P>The effects of substrate concentration on fermentative hydrogen production from galactose at a fixed hydraulic retention time of 12 h were investigated in an immobilized continuously stirred tank reactor. Peak hydrogen production rate and hydrogen yield of 9.57 L/L-d and 1.10 mol/mol galactose<SUB>added</SUB>, respectively, were obtained at a feed substrate concentration of 30 g/L and an organic loading rate of 60 L/L-d. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the variations in the performance resulted primarily from metabolic alterations within the metabolism of the established microbial community rather than modifications in the population. The results obtained showed that optimal substrate concentration is essential for the efficient, continuous production of hydrogen from galactose.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Substrate concentration influenced the biohydrogen performance. </LI> <LI> Feed galactose of 30 g/L provided the peak H<SUB>2</SUB> production of 9.5 L/L-d. </LI> <LI> Substrate overloading caused metabolic shift of <I>Clostridium</I> to lactate production. </LI> </UL> </P>

Improvement of hydrogen fermentation of galactose by combined inoculation strategy

Sivagurunathan, P.,Anburajan, P.,Kumar, G.,Arivalagan, P.,Bakonyi, P.,Kim, S.H. Society for Bioscience and Bioengineering, Japan ; 2017 Journal of bioscience and bioengineering Vol.123 No.3

<P>This study evaluated the feasibility of anaerobic hydrogen fermentation of galactose, a red algal biomass sugar, using individual and combined mixed culture inocula. Heat-treated (90 degrees C, 30 min) samples of granular sludge (GS) and suspended digester sludge (SDS) were used as inoculum sources. The type of mixed culture inoculum played an important role in hydrogen production from galactose. Between two inocula, granular sludge showed higher hydrogen production rate (HPR) and hydrogen yield (HY) of 2.2 L H2/L-d and 1.09 mol H2/mol galactoseadded, respectively. Combined inoculation (GS + SDS) led to an elevated HPR and HY of 3.1 L H2/L-d and 1.28 mol H2/mol galactoseadded, respectively. Acetic and butyric acids are the major organic acids during fermentation. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) revealed that the mixed culture generated using the combined inoculation contained a higher cluster I Clostridium abundance than the culture produced using the single inoculum. (C) 2016, The Society for Biotechnology, Japan. All rights reserved.</P>

Anti-diabetic Potential of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized with Argyreia nervosa Leaf Extract High Synergistic Antibacterial Activity with Standard Antibiotics Against Foodborne Bacteria

Saratale, Ganesh Dattatraya,Saratale, Rijuta Ganesh,Benelli, Giovanni,Kumar, Gopalakrishnan,Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan,Kim, Dong-Su,Shin, Han-Seung Springer-Verlag 2017 Journal of cluster science Vol.28 No.3

<P>The current investigation highlighted a novel cost-effective green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Argyreia nervosa leaves extract (ANE) as a potential reducing and capping agent. Surface plasmon resonance confirmed the formation of AgNPs with maximum absorbance at lambda (max) = 435 nm. FTIR revealed the involvement of biological macromolecules of ANE in the synthesis and stabilization of AgNPs. HRTEM images showed that the size of the spherical AgNPs ranged between 5 and 40 nm with average particle size of about 15 nm. The ANE-AgNPs showed inhibition activity against carbohydrate digestive enzymes alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase, with EC50 of 55.5 and 51.7 A mu g/mL, respectively, indicating its antidiabetic potential. The in vitro antioxidant activity of ANE-AgNPs was evaluated in terms of ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radicals scavenging assays with IC50 value of 44.3 and 55.9 A mu g/mL, respectively. The AgNPs displayed strong antibacterial activity against foodborne bacteria with zone of inhibition 16.0 and 12.5 mm for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively, and also exhibited strong synergistic antibacterial activity together with standard antibiotics. The biological activity in terms of antioxidant, antidiabetic and antibacterial potential could be useful in various bio-applications such as cosmetics, food, and biomedical industry.</P>

Corrosion inhibition performance of spermidine on mild steel in acid media

Edison, Thomas Nesakumar Jebakumar Immanuel,Atchudan, Raji,Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan,Lee, Yong Rok,Sethuraman, Mathur Gopalakrishnan Elsevier 2018 Journal of molecular liquids Vol.264 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The corrosion inhibition and adsorption behavior of spermidine on mild steel (MS) in 1 M sulfuric and 0.50 M hydrochloric acid have been investigated at room temperature by electrochemical methods viz., electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Tafel polarization techniques. The adsorption of spermidine on MS is studied by Langmuir adsorption isotherm, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) analysis. The Tafel results imply that, spermidine behaves mixed mode inhibitor and the corrosion inhibition efficiency increases with increasing of spermidine concentration. The EIS results exposed that, the formation of adsorptive layer of spermidine increase the charge transfer resistance and subsequent drop in the double layer capacitance of MS in acids. The calculated free energy of adsorption (ΔG) for spermidine in HCl and H<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>4</SUB> are −31.92 and −30.48 kJ mol<SUP>−1</SUP> which suggested the physical along with chemical mode of adsorption of inhibitor. The formation of inhibitive protection layer on MS is confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. The correlation of corrosion inhibition performance and molecular structure of spermidine is discussed by DFT method. All the results showed that spermidine is an excellent corrosion inhibitor for MS in both H<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>4</SUB> and HCl acids.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The acid corrosion inhibition performance of spermidine on mild steel was evaluated. </LI> <LI> The spermidine act as mixed mode inhibitor revealed by Tafel studies. </LI> <LI> Spermidine adsorbed on mild steel and effectively retards corrosion. </LI> </UL> </P>