Conceptual frameworks regarding waterborne diseases in sub-Saharan Africa and the need of for a new approach to urban exposomes

Alexandre Zerbo,Rafael Castro Delgado,Pedro Arcos Gonzá , lez 한국역학회 2021 Epidemiology and Health Vol.43 No.-

Sub-Saharan African countries, like many other low-income countries, have experienced urban socioeconomic inequalities due to rapid and unplanned urbanization. These processes have resulted in the creation of poor urban areas lacking basic sanitation, water, and hygiene facilities, and subjacent public health issues such as the spread of waterborne diseases. A system for the demarcation of disease transmission areas already exists, but the traditional framework is less appropriate in sub-Saharan Africa, making it necessary to divide these urban areas more adequately. In addition, the construction of frameworks and tools more specific to waterborne disease-related issues is essential. We propose restructuring sub-Saharan urban areas into more specific areas of exposure to waterborne diseases and associated exposomes, and then use this restructuring of urban areas of exposure to waterborne diseases in a conceptual framework that takes into account causes of exposure, impacts, and interventions. The division of urban areas into public, domestic, and individual exposure areas facilitates a more straightforward understanding of the dynamics of waterborne exposomes. Moreover, the inclusion of this division in the driving force-pressure–state–exposure–effect–action framework allows an effective stratified implementation of urban public health policies.

Applying Principles of the Activity Theory and Holistic Learning and Performance Architecture in the Design of Knowledge Management Systems

Alexandre Ardichvili,Seung Won Yoon 중앙대학교 한국인적자원개발전략연구소 2008 역량개발학습연구 Vol.3 No.1

Alignment between strategic and operational processes and organizational learning and knowledge management (KM) solutions is a key to sustained competitive advantage of business organizations. Current KM design approaches are based on linear and individual-centered frameworks similar to traditional instructional systems design models, and pay little attention to how user collaboration occurs, tacit knowledge is developed, and reciprocal feedback in group interactions is enabled. In this article we utilized concepts from the situated learning literature, Vygotskian cultural-historical theory of cognition, and a holistic learning and performance architecture to propose a new approach to the design of integrated learning and knowledge management systems. Our model, in addition to clarifying specific design considerations, helped clarify the role of HRD in KM, demonstrating that traditional focus of HRD professionals (designing and implementing learning and development solutions) needs to be expanded to embrace the development and implementation of integrated KM/learning system. Therefore, the HRD professionals of the near future will need to expand their repertoire of skills and capabilities to include not only face-to-face, online, and blended learning needs assessment, design and development, but also design of collaborative knowledge creation environments, knowledge repositories, performance support tools, and design of integrated KM and learning systems. The above considerations leads to implications for the development of future HRD professionals in HRD graduate programs. The course offerings of such programs would need to be expanded to add a stronger emphasis on learning and cognition theories, grounded in the socio-cultural and social learning paradigms, as well as a stronger emphasis on a systemic view of learning and KM technologies and blending of learning and management of knowledge.

La laïcité une « exception culturelle » française contagieuse ?

Alexandre Eyries 고려대학교 응용문화연구소 2017 에피스테메 Vol.0 No.17

In this article, I wish to re-examine the French and republican model of secularism in terms of its uniqueness and originality, which are often self-proclaimed in order to measure the degree of accuracy and the share of inventiveness and related representations. In the first place, I will ask myself whether this French-style secularism constitutes a form of "cultural exception" in its own right and, secondly, what contagious influence may have had this French secular paradigm in the world.

Le sacré et la relation communicationnelle : l’éthique, un enjeu sociétal

Alexandre Eyries,다니엘 모아티 고려대학교 응용문화연구소 2012 에피스테메 Vol.0 No.8

During years, the experts, the observers and the analysts of any edges did not stop regretting the disillusionment of the world (according to Max Weber) and predicting the end of the big fables so mystic as mythical and the big religious stories in the profit of a bigger « technicization » of the globalized and communicating society. Now a recent phenomenon deserves all our attention: the societal reappearance under very diverse forms of the liturgical and the religious within a society referring of rational economic, scientific and technological. It is in fact the powerful resurgence of the sacred that, following the example of the phenomenon of the return of the repressed person in psychoanalysis, never shows itself exactly where we wait for it and contributes ― with a new energy ― to move the criteria of its own definition and to cultivate new territories among which the communication occupies an essential axis. This article thus suggests thinking together of the sacred and the communicating relation to try to establish a new ethics. The sacred having invaded our information society where it appears as an instrument of persuasion of a formidable efficiency. And so the complex industrial objects and the communicating machines gradually replaced all over the world the polytheistic divinities and the God of the monotheist religions. The requirement of a deepened reflection around the concepts of "communication" and "sacred" leads by an analysis of the links weaved with the technologies of information and the communication. Does the sacred communication become the horizon of a new utopia? If yes, it is necessary to determine secondly the sensory and physical stumbling blocks with which she can be confronted. From then on, is imperative the necessity of exceeding the mixture between the communication and the sacred by the elaboration of a communicating ethics. Pendant des années, les experts, les observateurs et les analystes de tous bords n’ont cessé de déplorer le désenchantement du monde (selon Max Weber) et de prédire la fin des grandes fables tant mystiques que mythiques et des grandes narrations religieuses au bénéfice surtout d’une « technicisation » de plus en plus prégnante de la société globalisée et communicationnelle. Or un phénomène récent mérite toute notre attention : la réapparition sociétale sous des formes très diverses du liturgique et du cultuel au sein même d’une société se réclamant du rationnel économique, scientifique et technologique. C’est en fait une puissante résurgence du sacré qui, à l’instar du phénomène du retour du refoulé en psychanalyse, ne se manifeste jamais exactement où on l’attend et contribue ― avec une énergie inédite ― à déplacer les critères de sa propre définition et à défricher de nouveaux territoires parmi lesquels la communication occupe un axe primordial. Cet article se propose donc de penser ensemble le sacré et la relation communicationnelle pour tenter de fonder une nouvelle éthique. Le sacré ayant envahi notre société de l’information où il apparaît comme un instrument de persuasion d’une efficacité redoutable. C’est ainsi que les objets industriels complexes et les machines communicantes ont progressivement remplacé dans le monde entier les divinités polythéistes et le Dieu des religions monothéistes. L’exigence d’une réflexion approfondie autour des concepts de « communication » de « sacré » s’impose par une analyse des liens tissés avec les technologies de l’information et de la communication. Est-ce que la communication sacralisée devient l’horizon d’une nouvelle utopie ? Si oui, il faut déterminer dans un second temps les écueils sensoriels et corporels auxquels elle peut être confrontée. Dès lors, s’impose la nécessité de dépasser l’amalgame entre la communication et le sacré par l’élaboration d’une éthique communicationnelle.

Actualité d’Henri Meschonnic

Alexandre Eyries 고려대학교 응용문화연구소 2014 에피스테메 Vol.0 No.12

This article aims to show the news of the work and concepts of Henri Meschonnic, at once linguist, sociologist, philosopher and anthropologist whose work is strikingly modern and contribute significantly to the anthropological reflection on the communication process, especially from the consideration of the relationships between orality and sociality.

Des villes tentaculaires aux smart cities: des solitudes de plus en plus interactives et connectées

Alexandre Eyries 고려대학교 응용문화연구소 2015 에피스테메 Vol.0 No.13

In this article I will try first to show that contemporary transformationsof large cities in most democratic societies around the world are notgoing in the direction of increased living together but instead they greatlylimit interactions. Secondly, I will analyze the communication technologyused in smart and connected cities in terms of what Dominique Woltoncalls "interactive loneliness." Dans cet article, je m’efforcerai tout d’abord de montrer que lestransformations contemporaines des grandes villes situées dans les sociétésdémocratiques du monde entier ne vont pas dans le sens d’unaccroissement du vivre-ensemble mais qu’au contraire elles limitentconsidérablement aux interactions. Dans un second temps, j’analyserai lestechnologies de communication utilisées au sein des villes intelligentes etconnectées à l’aune de ce que Dominique Wolton appelle les « solitudesinteractives ».

KIM JONG IL RE-EMBRACES THE BEAR, LOOKING FOR THE MORNING CALM: NORTH KOREA`S POLICY TOWARD RUSSIA SINCE 1994

( Alexandre Y. Mansourov ) 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2004 North Korea and the World Vol.- No.-

Effect of Glycosylation on the Biochemical Properties of β-Xylosidases from Aspergillus versicolor

Alexandre Favarin Somera,Marita Gimenez Pereira,Luis Henrique Souza Guimarães,Maria de L.T. de M. Polizeli,Héctor Francisco Terenzi,Rosa Prazeres Melo Furriel,João Atílio Jorge 한국미생물학회 2009 The journal of microbiology Vol.47 No.3

Aspergillus versicolor grown on xylan or xylose produces two β-xylosidases with differences in biochemical properties and degree of glycosylation. We investigated the alterations in the biochemical properties of these β-xylosidases after deglycosylation with Endo-H or PNGase F. After deglycosylation, both enzymes migrated faster in PAGE or SDS-PAGE exhibiting the same Rf. Temperature optimum of xylan-induced and xylose-induced β-xylosidases was 45°C and 40°C, respectively, and 35°C after deglycosylation. The xylan- induced enzyme was more active at acidic pH. After deglycosylation, both enzymes had the same pH optimum of 6.0. Thermal resistance at 55°C showed half-life of 15 min and 9 min for xylose- and xylan-induced enzymes, respectively. After deglycosylation, both enzymes exhibited half-lives of 7.5 min. Native enzymes exhibited different responses to ions, while deglycosylated enzymes exhibited identical responses. Limited proteolysis yielded similar polypeptide profiles for the deglycosylated enzymes, suggesting a common polypeptide core with differential glycosylation apparently responsible for their biochemical and biophysical differences.

DSM Design of Cold-Formed Steel Columns Failing in Distortional Modes at Elevated Temperatures

Alexandre Landesmann,Dinar Camotim,Fernanda C. M. Silva 한국강구조학회 2019 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.19 No.3

This paper aims at investigating the structural behaviour, strength and Direct Strength Method (DSM) design of cold-formed steel columns failing in distortional modes at elevated temperatures. The results concern pin-ended and fi xed-ended columns displaying four cross-section shapes, with various dimensions, subjected to 8 temperatures. It is shown that the current DSM distortional design is unable to handle adequately distortional failures at elevated temperatures. Then, a modifi ed DSM design approach is proposed: it consists of incorporating a temperature-dependent reduction factor ratio, based on the EC3- 1.2 model, in the existing strength curve—the modifi ed design curves are shown to yield adequate failure load predictions for the set of columns under consideration. This fi nding provides motivation and encouragement to continue the ongoing search for an effi cient DSM-based design approach for columns failing in distortional modes under elevated temperatures.

Imaging of Thoracic Wall Abnormalities

Alexandre Semionov,John Kosiuk,Amr Ajlan,Federico Discepola 대한영상의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.20 No.10

Identification of certain abnormalities of the chest wall can be extremely helpful in correctly diagnosing a number of syndromic conditions and systemic diseases. Additionally, chest wall abnormalities may sometimes constitute diagnoses by themselves. In the present pictorial essay, we review a number of such conditions and provide illustrative cases that were retrospectively identified from our clinical imaging database. These include pentalogy of Cantrell, Klippel-Feil syndrome, cleidocranial dysplasia, Poland syndrome, osteopetrosis, neurofibromatosis type 1, Marfan syndrome, Gardner syndrome, systemic sclerosis, relapsing polychondritis, polymyositis/dermatomyositis, ankylosing spondylitis, hyperparathyroidism, rickets, sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, tuberculosis, septic arthritis of the sternoclavicular joint, elastofibroma dorsi, and sternal dehiscence.