신선육및 육가공제품에 대한 소비자의 인식도 및 소비실태조사 제 2 보 . 육가공제품의 소비실태 및 구매성향

안병윤,김종원,이유방 ( Byung Yoon Ahn,Jong Won Kim,Yu Bang Lee ) 한국축산학회 1981 한국축산학회지 Vol.23 No.1

A total of 1006 households residing in Seoul, Taegu and Cheonan were surveyed to investigate the consumption pattern and purchasing tendency of processed meat products under the current marketing system. The results are as follows: 1. The average frequency of purchasing meat products was 3-4 times a month and the frequency was closely related to the monthly income of the consumers. A mere 6 percent of respondents with relatively high income purchased more than 10 times per month; whereas, sixty percent of respondents less than 3 times, indicating the consumption of processed meats is at very low level. 2. Sausage(fish-red meat mixture) was purchased most frequently(75%) by all consumption of ham was relatively high (∼20%) at the monthly income level of more than 400,000 won. 3. Meat products were chiefly consumed by children(71%) and teenagers(19%), and were used as side dish in lunch box(41%) or main meal(30%). 4. The average consumers purchased meat products primarily from supermarkets (53.1%), grocery stores(22.5%) and meat shops(16.5%). 5. The procurement of processed meat was determined either by the sole decision of housewife(56%) or by the recommendation of family members(27%). Good nutrition(40.7%) and convenience(29.1%) were the predominant reasons of baying processed meats. The low income people set the highest priority in good nutrition, whereas the high income people in convenience. 6. Forty one percent of respondents have the experience of having purchased foreign products, 15% of them having asserted the superiority of domestic products, while 43% expressed the reverse opinion.

Past, Present and Future of the Fuel Cell Vehicle Development at Hyundai-Kia Motors

Byung Ki Ahn,Tae Won Lim 한국자동차공학회 2006 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

It is now well known that the crude oil supply will not last forever and the world is facing another energy crisis. In other words, it is about time to invent or discover new energy resources that can last for centuries, if not indefinitely. Many expect that 'hydrogen era' will begin in the 2020's and that fuel cells will play an important role. It is also predictable that the biggest market for hydrogen fuel cells will be the auto industry. As of now, the costs of the fuel cell vehicles or the individual parts are far from being realistic from a mass production viewpoint. The answers to resolve many technical and other issues are being sought by fuel cell makers and auto manufacturers. Among the major auto makers which are trying to reduce the cost and enhance manufacturability of fuel cell vehicles (FCV), Hyundai-Kia Motors has the largest fuel cell research center in Korea. We have developed several different types of FCVs since its first launch of Santa Fe FCV in 2000, and are seeing the promising outcome. The second generation FCVs made in 2004 and 2005 shows many improved features and performance data compared to the 2000 version. In this paper, we present the basic principles of fuel cells and the history of FCVs. In addition, the status of FCV development at Hyundai-Kia Motors will be introduced. Verification programs sponsored by Korean and American governments are also presented to show how actively we are collaborating with other fuel cell-related companies in order to make FCVs commercially available as soon as possible.

Identification of an Actual Strain-Induced Effect on Fast Ion Conduction in a Thin-Film Electrolyte

Ahn, Junsung,Jang, Ho Won,Ji, Hoil,Kim, Hyoungchul,Yoon, Kyung Joong,Son, Ji-Won,Kim, Byung-Kook,Lee, Hae-Weon,Lee, Jong-Ho American Chemical Society 2018 NANO LETTERS Vol.18 No.5

<P>Strain-induced fast ion conduction has been a research area of interest for nanoscale energy conversion and storage systems. However, because of significant discrepancies in the interpretation of strain effects, there remains a lack of understanding of how fast ionic transport can be achieved by strain effects and how strain can be controlled in a nanoscale system. In this study, we investigated strain effects on the ionic conductivity of Gd<SUB>0.2</SUB>Ce<SUB>0.8</SUB>O<SUB>1.9−δ</SUB> (100) thin films under well controlled experimental conditions, in which errors due to the external environment could not intervene during the conductivity measurement. In order to avoid any interference from perpendicular-to-surface defects, such as grain boundaries, the ionic conductivity was measured in the out-of-plane direction by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis. With varying film thickness, we found that a thicker film has a lower activation energy of ionic conduction. In addition, careful strain analysis using both reciprocal space mapping and strain mapping in transmission electron microscopy shows that a thicker film has a higher tensile strain than a thinner film. Furthermore, the tensile strain of thicker film was mostly developed near a grain boundary, which indicates that intrinsic strain is dominant rather than epitaxial or thermal strain during thin-film deposition and growth via the Volmer-Weber (island) growth mode.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Pattern Reconfigurable High Gain Spherical Dielectric Resonator Antenna Operating on Higher Order Mode

Ahn, Byung Kuon,Jo, Hye-Won,Yoo, Jong-Sang,Yu, Jong-Won,Lee, Han Lim IEEE 2019 IEEE antennas and wireless propagation letters Vol.18 No.1

<P>This letter proposes a pattern reconfigurable high gain spherical dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) operating on higher order mode. Two microstrip patches were used to excite TE<SUB>301</SUB> mode in the different direction. A reconfigurable switch network was designed and it has three switching modes for selecting each patch alone or selecting them simultaneously. The proposed antenna can reconfigure its radiation pattern by using a feeding structure, which is consist of two microstrip patches and the reconfigurable switch network. A prototype antenna operating on TE<SUB>301</SUB> mode at 5.8 GHz was fabricated by ceramic material. By experiment, we validated the new concept of pattern reconfigurable spherical DRA.</P>

Melting Characteristics for Radioactive Aluminum Wastes in Electric Arc Furnace

Byung-Youn Min,Pyung-Seob Song,Jun-Hyung Ahn,Wang-Kyu Choi,Chong-Hun Jung,Won-Zin Oh,Yong Kang 한국방사성폐기물학회 2006 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.4 No.1

한국원자력연구소 내의 연구용 원자로(TRIGA II, III) 해체 시 발생한 방사성 알루미늄 해체 폐기물의 감용 및 제염 특성을 평가하기 위해 아크로에서 알루미늄의 용융 특성 및 방사성 핵종의 분배 특성에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 알루미늄 폐기물은 흑연전극(graphite electrode)을 이용한 전기아크로에서 4가지 종류의 플럭스를 함께 첨가하여 용융시켰다. 또한 알루미늄의 용융 시 방사성 핵종의 분배 특성을 고찰하기 위해 알루미늄 시편에 방사성 모의 핵종인 코발트, 세슘, 스트론튬의 화합물을 오염시킨 후 혹연도가니에 넣어 알루미늄 용융실험을 수행하였다. 전기아크로에서 알루미늄의 용융실험을 수행한 결과 플럭스의 종류에 따라 다소 차이는 있으나 플럭스의 첨가에 의해 알루미늄 용융체의 유동성이 증가됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 아크 용융에 의해 생성된 슬래그의 발생량은 플럭스 A와 B를 첨가한 알루미늄 용융실험에 비해 플럭스 C와 D를 첨가한 실험에서 상대적으로 많은 양이 생성됨을 알 수 있었으며, 첨가된 플럭스의 양이 증가할수록 이에 비례하여 슬래그의 발생량이 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 슬래그(slag)의 XRD 분석을 통해 방사성 핵종이 주괴에서 슬래그 상으로 이동한 후 슬래그를 구성하고 있는 산화알루미늄과 결합하여 안정한 화합물로 슬래그 상에 포집됨을 알 수 있었다. 알루미늄 폐기물의 용융시 Co의 분배율은 플럭스를 첨가한 경우에 보다 높은 제염계수를 나타냈으며, 모든 플럭스에서 40% 이상의 제염 효과를 나타내었다. 반면에 휘발성 핵종인 Cs과 Sr은 주괴로부터 98% 이상이 제거되어 대부분이 슬래그상과 분진으로 이동되는 특성을 확인할 수 있었다. The characteristics of the aluminum waste melting and the distribution of the radioactive nuclides have been investigated for the estimation on the volume reduction and the decontamination of the aluminum wastes from the decommissioning of the TRIGA MARK it and III research reactors at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute(KAERI). The aluminum wastes were melted with the use of the fluxes such as flux , and flux in the DC graphite arc furnace. For the assessment of the distribution of the radioactive nuclides during the melting of the aluminum, the aluminum materials were contaminated by the surrogate nuclides such as cobalt(Co), cesium(Cs) and strontium(Sr). The fluidity of aluminum melt was increased with the addition of the fluxes, which has slight difference according to the type of fluxes. The formation of the slag during the aluminum melting added the flux type C and D was larger than that with the flux A and B. The rate of the slag formation linearly increased with increasing the flux concentration. The results of the XRD analysis showed that the surrogate nuclide was transferred to the slag, which can be easily separated from the melt and then they combined with aluminum oxide to form a more stable compound. The distribution ratio of cobalt in ingot to that in slag was more than 40% at all types of fluxes. Since vapor pressures of cesium and strontium were higher than those that of the host metals at the melting temperature, their removal efficiency from the ingot phase to the slag and the dust phase was by up to 98%.

Biolistic Transformation of An Oriental Lily “Marco Polo” with CMV Anti Viral Gene

Byung Joon Ahn,Sun-Ki Kim,Kyo-Won Park,Kathy Kamo 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Inhibitory Effect of Amentoflavone of Selaginella Tamariscina on MMP-9 Expression through NF-κB and AP-1 in Macrophage Raw 264.7 cells

Byung Tae Ahn,Sung Ahn Shin,Jun Gi Kim,Won Hwan Park 한의병리학회 2007 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Expression of liver X receptor correlates with intrahepatic inflammation and fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Ahn, Sang Bong,Jang, Kiseok,Jun, Dae Won,Lee, Byung Hoon,Shin, Kye Jung Plenum Pub. Corp.] 2014 Digestive diseases and sciences Vol.59 No.12

<P>Liver X receptor (LXR) is an oxysterol-activated nuclear receptor involved in the control of major metabolic pathways for cholesterol homeostasis and lipogenesis. Although the role of LXR in hepatic steatosis is well known, its correlation with intrahepatic inflammation and fibrosis has not been thoroughly studied. We investigated the association between LXRα, hepatic inflammation, and fibrosis, as well as its correlation with other intrahepatic lipid transporters in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).</P>

Application of the 2016 EULAR/ACR/PRINTO Classification Criteria for Macrophage Activation Syndrome in Patients with Adult-onset Still Disease

Ahn, Sung Soo,Yoo, Byung-Woo,Jung, Seung Min,Lee, Sang-Won,Park, Yong-Beom,Song, Jason Jungsik Journal of Rheumatology Pub. Co 2017 The Journal of rheumatology Vol.44 No.7

<P>Conclusion. The 2016 EULAR/ACR/PRINTO classification criteria for MAS are potentially useful for the identification of patients with AOSD at high risk for a poor outcome. Febrile patients with AOSD should be monitored with the 2016 classification criteria for MAS in the early diagnosis and proper treatment of MAS.</P>

Efficacy and safety of gemigliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled with combination treatment of metformin and sulphonylurea: a 24‐week, multicentre, randomized, double&

Ahn, Chang Ho,Han, Kyung Ah,Yu, Jae Myung,Nam, Joo Young,Ahn, Kyu Jeung,Oh, Tae Keun,Lee, Hyoung Woo,Lee, Dae Ho,Kim, Jaetaek,Chung, Choon Hee,Park, Tae Sun,Kim, Byung Joon,Park, Seok Won,Park, Hyeong DIABETES OBESITY AND METABOLISM 2017 DIABETES OBESITY AND METABOLISM Vol.19 No.5

<P><B>Aims</B></P><P>To assess the efficacy and safety of gemigliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor, added to metformin and sulphonylurea in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).</P><P><B>Materials and methods</B></P><P>We conducted a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial in 219 Korean patients inadequately controlled with metformin and glimepiride. Participants were randomized to gemigliptin 50 mg once daily or placebo added to metformin and glimepiride. The primary endpoint was change in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level from baseline to week 24.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The baseline HbA1c was 8.2% in both groups. The addition of gemigliptin to metformin and glimepiride significantly reduced HbA1c levels at week 24 compared with placebo (between‐group difference in adjusted mean change −0.87%, 95% confidence interval [CI] −1.09% to −0.64%). Fasting plasma glucose level was also significantly reduced with gemigliptin (−0.93 mmol/L, 95% CI −1.50 to −0.35 mmol/L), and a higher proportion of participants achieved an HbA1c level of <7% (39.3% vs 5.5%; <I>P</I><.001) in the gemigliptin group than in the placebo group. Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were modestly but significantly reduced in the gemigliptin group compared with the placebo group (−0.21 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.38 to −0.03 mmol/L for total cholesterol, −0.18 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.34 to −0.01 mmol/L for LDL cholesterol). The incidence of hypoglycaemia was 9.4% in the gemigliptin group and 2.7% in the placebo group.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Gemigliptin significantly improved glycaemic control in patients with T2DM inadequately controlled with metformin and sulphonylurea. The incidence of hypoglycaemia was higher with gemigliptin than with placebo, which highlights the importance of optimal dose adjustment for sulphonylurea.</P>