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- 저자 : Abdul Rehman Khan (검색결과 22 건)
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Thickness-dependent efficiency of directly grown graphene based solar cells
Rehman, Malik Abdul,Roy, Sanjib Baran,Akhtar, Imtisal,Bhopal, Muhammad Fahad,Choi, Woosuk,Nazir, Ghazanfar,Khan, Muhammad Farooq,Kumar, Sunil,Eom, Jonghwa,Chun, Seung-Hyun,Seo, Yongho Elsevier 2019 Carbon Vol.148 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>It is of immense interest to improve the power conversion efficiency of graphene/silicon Schottky junction solar cells. The ultrathin graphene has essential properties, such as tunable work function to increase Schottky barrier height and built-in potential for efficient charge transport in photovoltaic devices. Here, we use plasma-enhanced CVD to grow graphene directly on planar n-type silicon to fabricate solar cells compatible for industrial-level applications. A key component to our accomplishment is the optimization of directly grown, continuous layers of graphene to achieve superior performance. Thus, by controlling the graphene thickness, the work function is significantly improved, the open circuit voltage is increased, and the energy conversion efficiency is enhanced. While the transfer of CVD grown graphene has limitations due to cracks and impurities during the complex process, our direct growth method demonstrates an efficiency of 5.51 % on bare planar silicon with a large device area. Furthermore, the efficiency is remarkably increased to 9.18 % by adding and doping a polymer layer. Interestingly, with the addition of a doped polymer layer, the cell exhibits excellent stability for at least one month. Our result suggests a promising simple path to fabricate high efficiency solar cells at low temperature and low cost.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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Rehman, Aziz Ur,Ali, Farhad,Ali, Mashhood,Alam, Ibrar,Khan, Abdul Wali Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.5
The liver is one of the most common sites of cancer in the world, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) predominating. HCC is the sixth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer related death overall. Hepatitis C is a major risk factor and HCV is a rapid spreading virus which has become a problem globally, including in Pakistan. Interferon alpha therapy is used against HCV disease to regulate cell reproduction and to boost the immune system. In minute amounts interferon alpha is produced naturally by the immune system in HCV patients in response to hepatitis C virus and binds to receptors in the target cells and starts transcription of 20-30 genes due to which it develops an antiviral influence. Interferon is also administered artificially to overcome HCV disease and remove the biological effect of the virus from the infected site. The use of interferon or Peg-IFN plus Ribavirin treatment is also associated with adverse effects on body. For the current study, a convenient sample of 156 HCV positive patients of both males and females were taken. To collect blood CP and ALT, a reduction of level data and other important information were collected from the patients at regular intervals. Findings were 11.4 % in the red blood cells (RBC), 9.64 % in the total leukocyte count (WBC), 8.4 % in the hemoglobin levels (HB), 30.3 % in the platelet (Plt) count in both sexes. There was significant reduction in ALT levels due to Pegylated interferon plus ribavirin therapy. Hence strict haemotological monitoring of blood CP and ALT levels is necessary at regular intervals to reduce severe side effects which may lead to morbidity and mortality.
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An Automated Object Retrieval System for Warehouses
Amna Khan,Abdul Rehman Sair,Anas Ekram,Saad Malik,Muhammad Raheel Afzal,Ali Bin Junaid,Amre Eizad 제어로봇시스템학회 2015 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10
The transport of objects in a warehouse is an indispensible but time consuming task, and is therefore the focus of extensive research. This paper presents a system that autonomously retrieves boxes placed in shelves according to the part number fed in the system by the user. The system utilizes a modified implementation of the A<SUP>*</SUP> algorithm to determine the shortest path for retrieving the objects. A maximum of three objects can be retrieved in one round by the robot. After retrieval, the objects are delivered to a delivery station. Line tracking sensors are used for robot navigation. Telescoping arms mounted on the robot are used to retrieve objects from the shelves. The guidance algorithm and Graphic User Interface (GUI) have been implemented using MATLAB® and the robot has been designed using SolidWorks®.
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ENGAING CUSTOMERS WITH BRAND IN SOCIAL MEDIA BASED ONLINE COMMUNITIES
Zoya Khan,Abdul Rehman,Jaweria Tariq 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07
The study of online brand communities is inseparable from the concept of customer engagement. The purpose of this study is to conjoin these two emerging research streams in tourism. Past studies relevant to customer engagement in online communities consider it from only brand perspective, whereas this study considers engagement with brand and engagement with community separately. Social identity and user gratification perspective are used to develop framework in building brand relationship quality. The context of the study is to throw light on benefit of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) on tourism industry in Pakistan. The CPEC is a mega-project between Pakistan and China, worth more than 54 billion US dollars. The Framework was verified using the data collected from several Facebook pages (official and unofficial). This study contributes in understanding the way to enhance brand relationship quality of tourism brand via social media based online communities. This study also validates the customer brand engagement scale consisted of seven dimensions within tourism brand proposed by Dessart, Laurence (2016). The results of this study indicated that community identification has a significant role in engaging customer with community as brand community engagement and with brand as customer brand engagement. Customer brand engagement further enhances brand relationship quality whereas brand community engagement has an insignificant effect on brand relationship quality. This study also provides insight to practical and further research implication.
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Strategic Alliance within the Sugar Industry of Pakistan: A Resource Dependence Perspective
AMAN, Rameesha,KHAN, Abdul Rehman Korea Distribution Science Association 2021 Asian journal of business environment Vol.11 No.4
Purpose: This paper uses the resource-dependency theory to present the case of the Pakistan sugar industry to highlight how the industry uses a strategic alliance to gain a powerful bargaining position over its critical dependencies. The case of the Pakistan sugar industry is well-known and it is common knowledge that the alliance or the cartel within it is responsible for frequent price hikes and sugar supply shortages in the country. Research design, data and methodology: We use a case study, qualitative document analysis design to trace how the alliance overcomes its various dependencies, and in doing so, how does it harm various stakeholder interests. Results: This paper finds that the sugar industry alliance maintains its bargaining power by manipulating sugar supply through horizontal alliances, political affiliations, underselling and under-reporting sugar stocks, purchasing sugarcane from the black market, and by gaining billions of rupees in export subsidies by hoarding stock and using its political connections. Conclusion: The paper concludes by providing a summary of the measures which the government has taken to curb this anticompetitive conduct; the most important of which is the removal of protectionist measures for sugar trade and allowing market forces to control the demand and supply of sugar in the local market.
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Hamayun, Muhammad,Khan, Sumera Afzal,Khan, Abdul Latif,Rehman, Gauhar,Kim, Youn-Ha,Iqbal, Ilyas,Hussain, Javid,Sohn, Eun-Young,Lee, In-Jung Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2010 Mycologia Vol.102 No.5
<P>Gibberellin (GA) production by soil fungi has received little attention, although substantial work has been carried out on other aspects of plant growth promoting fungi (PGPF). In our studies we investigated GA production and growth-promoting capacity of a novel fungal strain isolated from the roots of soil-grown cucumber. Pure cultures of 19 endophytic fungi were tested for shoot length promotion of Waito-C rice to identify the GA production capacity of these fungal isolates. Isolate MH-6 significantly increased shoot length (12.9 cm) of Waito-C, in comparison to control treatments. Bioassay with culture filtrate (CF) of MH-6 also significantly promoted growth attributes of cucumber plants. Analysis of MH-6 CF showed the presence of physiologically active (GA1, 1.97 ng/mL; GA3, 5.18 ng/mL; GA4, 13.35 ng/mL and GA7, 2.4 ng/ mL) in conjunction with physiologically inactive (GA9 [0.69 ng/mL], GA12 [0.24 ng/mL], GA15 [0.68 ng/ mL, GA19 [1.94 ng/mL and GA20 [0.78 ng/mL]) gibberellins. The CF of MH-6 produced greater amounts of GA3, GA4, GA7 and GA19 than wild type Fusarium fujikuroi, a fungus known for high production of GA. The fungal isolate MH-6 was identified as a new strain of Cladosporium sp. on the basis of sequence homology (99%) and phylogenetic analysis of 18S rDNA sequence.</P>
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Habib Hussain Khan,Abdul Ghafoor,Fiza Qureshi,Ijaz Ur Rehman 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2018 Global economic review Vol.47 No.2
We empirically examine the role of the banking market structure and financial development for the growth of manufacturing and the financially dependent industries in China over the period of 1999–2014. We use both structural and non-structural approaches to assess the banking market structure and relate them to the growth of the manufacturing industries. The results of the study indicate that bank competition inspires industrial growth, particularly the growth of the financially dependent industries. Our findings further suggest that bank concentration undermines the growth of manufacturing industries in general and growth of the financially dependent industries in particular. These results are consistent across a number of sensitivity checks covering alternative measures of financial dependence, institutional factors such as property rights, quality of accounting standards and bank ownership and endogeneity consideration.
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Strategic Alliance within the Sugar Industry of Pakistan: A Resource Dependence Perspective
Rameesha AMAN,Abdul Rehman KHAN 한국유통과학회 2021 Asian Journal of Business Environment (AJBE) Vol.11 No.4
Purpose: This paper uses the resource-dependency theory to present the case of the Pakistan sugar industry to highlight how the industry uses a strategic alliance to gain a powerful bargaining position over its critical dependencies. The case of the Pakistan sugar industry is well-known and it is common knowledge that the alliance or the cartel within it is responsible for frequent price hikes and sugar supply shortages in the country. Research design, data and methodology: We use a case study, qualitative document analysis design to trace how the alliance overcomes its various dependencies, and in doing so, how does it harm various stakeholder interests. Results: This paper finds that the sugar industry alliance maintains its bargaining power by manipulating sugar supply through horizontal alliances, political affiliations, underselling and under-reporting sugar stocks, purchasing sugarcane from the black market, and by gaining billions of rupees in export subsidies by hoarding stock and using its political connections. Conclusion: The paper concludes by providing a summary of the measures which the government has taken to curb this anticompetitive conduct; the most important of which is the removal of protectionist measures for sugar trade and allowing market forces to control the demand and supply of sugar in the local market.
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Nazir, Ghazanfar,Rehman, Malik Abdul,Khan, Muhammad Farooq,Dastgeer, Ghulam,Aftab, Sikandar,Afzal, Amir Muhammad,Seo, Yongho,Eom, Jonghwa American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.38
<P>As one of the newly discovered transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), rhenium disulfide (ReS<SUB>2</SUB>) has been investigated mostly because of its unique characteristics such as the direct band gap nature even in bulk form, which is not prominent in other TMDs (e.g., MoS<SUB>2</SUB>, WSe<SUB>2</SUB>, etc.). However, this material possesses a low mobility and an on/off ratio, which restrict its usage in high-speed and fast switching applications. Low mobilities or on/off ratios can also be caused by substrate scattering as well as environmental effects. In this study, we used few-layer ReS<SUB>2</SUB> (FL-ReS<SUB>2</SUB>) as a channel material to investigate the substrate-dependent mobility, current on/off ratio, Schottky barrier height (SBH), and trap density of states of different dielectric substrates. The hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN)/FL-ReS<SUB>2</SUB>/h-BN structure was observed to exhibit a high mobility of 45 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>-1</SUP> s<SUP>-1</SUP>, current on/off ratio of about 10<SUP>7</SUP>, the lowest SBH of about 12 mV at a zero back-gate voltage (<I>V</I><SUB>bg</SUB>), and a low trap density of states of about 5 × 10<SUP>13</SUP> cm<SUP>-3</SUP>. These quantities are reasonably superior compared to the FL-ReS<SUB>2</SUB> devices on SiO<SUB>2</SUB> substrates. We also observed a nearly 5-fold improvement in the photoresponsivity and external quantum efficiency values for the FL-ReS<SUB>2</SUB> devices on h-BN substrates. We believe that the photonic characteristics of TMDs can be improved by using h-BN as the substrate and capping layer.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
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