Wear properties of ECAP-processed ultrafine grained Al-Cu alloys

Abd El Aal, M.I.,El Mahallawy, N.,Shehata, F.A.,Abd El Hameed, M.,Yoon, E.Y.,Kim, H.S. Elsevier Sequoia 2010 Materials science & engineering. properties, micro Vol.527 No.16

The wear properties of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) Al-2, 3 and 5%Cu alloys under dry sliding conditions using different sliding distances and loads were investigated by pin-on-disc dry sliding wear tests. The wear mass loss decreased remarkably as the number of ECAP passes and Cu content increased, being affected more by the sliding distance than by the applied load under the experimental conditions. The wear mechanism was observed to be adhesive and delamination initially, and an abrasive mechanism also appeared as the sliding distance increased. The analysis of the wear surface indicates a transfer of Fe from the rotating disc to the Al-Cu alloy pin with increases in the sliding distance, the applied load, the number of passes and the copper content.

Physical Characteristics of Small Space Objects at High Orbits Based on Optical Methods

Afaf M. Abd El-Hameed,Gamal F. Attia,,Yehia Abdel-Aziz 한국우주과학회 2017 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.34 No.1

Optical observation is one of the most common techniques used for characterizing the physical properties of unknown objects and debris in space. This research presents measurements and properties of the new object 96019 from ground-based optical methods. Optical observations of this small object were performed using a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera and the Santel-500 telescope at the Zvenigorod Observatory. The orbital elements and physical properties of this object, such as areato- mass ratio, have been determined. The results show that this small object has a low area-to-mass ratio, between 0.009 and 0.12 m2/kg. The light curve of object 96019 is given: Over the time intervals, variations in brightness are analyzed and the maximum brightness was found to be 12.4 magnitudes. The observational results show that, this object brightens by about three magnitudes over a time span of three minutes. Based on these observations, the characteristics and physical properties of this object are discussed.

Tensile Properties and Fracture Characteristics of ECAP-Processed Al and Al-Cu Alloys

Mohamed Ibrahim Abd El Aal,Nahed El Mahallawy,Farouk A. Shehata,Mohamed Abd El Hameed,윤은유,이정환,김형섭 대한금속·재료학회 2010 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.16 No.5

In the present paper, billets of pure Al, and cast-homogenized Al-2 wt.%, 3 wt.%, and 5 wt.% Cu alloys were successfully processed by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) up to 10 passes without fracture at room temperature using a die with a channel angle of 110o. Giant strains imposed on workpieces lead to extreme dislocation densities, microstructural refinement, and finally ultrafine grained materials. Tensile tests were employed to examine the fracture modes and fracture surface morphologies of the ECAP-processed Al and Al-Cu alloy samples. In particular, the effects of the number of ECAP passes and the Cu content were investigated.

3D FEM simulations for the homogeneity of plastic deformation in Al–Cu alloys during ECAP

Mahallawy, Nahed El,Shehata, Farouk A.,Hameed, Mohamed Abd El,Aal, Mohamed Ibrahim Abd El,Kim, Hyoung Seop Elsevier 2010 Materials science & engineering. properties, micro Vol.527 No.6

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) is a material processing method that allows very high strains to be imposed, leading to extreme work hardening and microstructural refinement. To investigate the deformation homogeneity in the transverse direction, rigid-viscoplastic 3D finite element simulations were conducted for the different numbers of ECAP passes of Al with Cu contents 0–5%. The simulation results indicated that the material on the outer side of the die channel undergoes less deformation than that in the inner side due to the formation of a corner gap. It was also found that the homogeneity increased with increasing the number of ECAP passes and the copper content due to the decrease in the size of the corner gap. To verify the 3D finite element simulation results, the microhardness homogeneity across the transverse direction of the billet was measured. The same trend was observed: the homogeneity in hardness increased with increasing the number of ECAP passes and Cu contents from 0% to 5%. The homogeneity of deformation indicated by microhardness and by FEM results was higher for route A compared with route Bc and increases with the number of ECAP passes. The homogeneity in route A was higher than that in route Bc by 10% after 2 passes up to 8 passes.</P>

Relation of BAALC and ERG Gene Expression with Overall Survival in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cases

Rashed, Reham A,Kadry, Dalia Y,Taweel, Maha EL,Abd El Wahab, Nahed,Abd El Hameed, Thoreya Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.17

Background: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the expression of brain and acute leukemia, cytoplasmic (BAALC) gene and erythroblast transformation-specific related gene (ERG) in de novo cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and identify roles in disease progression and outcome. Materials and Methods: This study included 50 newly diagnosed AML patients, along with 10 apparently healthy normal controls. BAALC and ERG expression was detected in the bone marrow of both patients and controls using real-time RT-PCR. Results: BAALC and ERG expression was detected in 52% of cases but not in any controls. There was a statistically significant correlation between BAALC and ERG gene expression and age (p-value=0.004 and 0.019, respectively). No statistical significance was noted for sex, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, other hematological findings, immunophenotyping and FAB sub-classification except for ERG gene and FAB (p-value=0.058). A statistical significant correlation was found between response to treatment with ERG expression (p-value=0.028) and age (p-value=0.014). A statistically significant variation in overall survival was evident with patient age, BM blast cells, FAB subgroups, BAALC and ERG expression (p-value=<0.001, 0.045, 0.041, <0.008 and 0.025 respectively). Conclusions: Our results suggest that BAALC and ERG genes are specific significant molecular markers in AML disease progression, response to treatment and survival.

Fisheries Resources of Sudan

Abd El Magid, Magda Ahmed,Elseed, Salah Mahmoud Hamed The Korean Society for Marine Biotechnology 2008 한국해양바이오학회지 Vol.3 No.1

Sudan is the largest country in Africa with an area of $2,505,810km^2$, of water constitutes $129,810km^2$, and cultivable land is 34%. Sudan has a total land boundary of 7,687 km with 9 border countries. This vast country embraces different vegetation patterns reflecting various climatic zones, grading from tropical rain forests in the south through semi-tropical savannah to arid zone in the extreme north, with annual rainfall ranging from 1,600 mm in the south to 25 mm in the north. The aquaculture industry is not developed as yet. Because of their basic characteristics, the Sudan inland and marine capture fisheries are of a small-scale and semi-industrial nature. The demand for fish and fish preparations is growing steadily. The animal resources sector (which includes fisheries) contributes 21% of Sudan GDP. The contribution of fisheries to Sudanese GDP is currently marginal. The per caput supply is only 1.6 kg/year, which is mostly obtained by capture fish landings. Despite the fact that fisheries GDP is extremely low, fish and fish preparations contribute to the food security of a wide sector of the rural and urban communities. Fisheries also provide work opportunities in the form of secondary employment as a source of income that indirectly contributes to household food security.

Fisheries Resources of Sudan

Magda Ahmed Abd El Magid,Salah Mahmoud Hamed Elseed 한국해양바이오학회 2008 한국해양바이오학회지 Vol.3 No.1

Phytochemical composition, protective and therapeutic effect on gastric ulcer and a-amylase inhibitory activity of Achillea biebersteinii Afan.

Howaida I. Abd-Alla,Nagwa M. M. Shalaby,Manal A. Hamed,Nagy Saba El-Rigal,Samira N. Al-Ghamdi,Jalloul Bouajila 대한약학회 2016 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.39 No.1

Three sesquiterpene lactones [two germacranolides (micranthin and sintenin) and one guaianolide (4b,10adihydroxy- 5b,7b,8bH-guaia-1,11(13)dien-12,8a-olide)] and four derivatives of 3-methoxy flavones (santin, quercetagetin- 3,6,30-trimethyl ether, quercetagetin-3,6-dimethyl ether, and 5,7 dihydroxy 3,30,40-trimethoxy flavone) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract (EAE) of the aerial parts of Achillea biebersteinii Afan. (Asteraceae). Evaluation of protective and therapeutic effects of EAE against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats was carried. Antiulcer activity evaluation was done through measuring ulcer indices, stomach acidity, gastric volume and lesion counts. Oxidative stress markers; malondialdehyde, glutathione and superoxide dismutase were also estimated. The work was extended to determine the histopathological assessment of the stomach. Gastric ulcer exhibited a significant elevation of the ulcer index and oxidative stress markers. The extract attenuated these increments and recorded protective and therapeutic effects against gastric ulcer. Hyperglycaemia increases the mucosal susceptibility to ulcerogenic stimuli and predisposes gastric ulceration. In vitro a-amylase inhibitory assay was applied to evaluate the post prandial antihyperglycaemia activity. The result showing that the EAE has the ability to reduce starch-induced postprandial glycaemic excursions by virtue of potent intestinal a-amylase inhibitory activity. These findings demonstrated the remarkable potential of A. biebersteinii as valuable source of antiulcer agent with post prandial hyperglycaemia lowering effect.

Prolonged Physiotherapy versus Early Surgical Intervention in Patients with Lumbar Disk Herniation: Short-term Outcomes of Clinical Randomized Trial

Doaa Abdelmohsen Abou-Elroos,Mirvat Abd El-Hameed El-Toukhy,Ghada Sanad Nageeb,Essam Abdelhameed Dawood,Safwat Abouhashem 대한척추외과학회 2017 Asian Spine Journal Vol.11 No.4

Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Purpose: We compared the disability and functional outcome after conservative treatment with prolonged physiotherapy versus early surgical intervention in patients with lumbar disk herniation. Overview of Literature: Lumbar disk herniation is one of the most common causes of job-related disability in individuals less than 45 years old. Conservative treatment is the initial pathway for the majority of patients but the duration of conservative treatment remains debatable and the adverse effects of prolonged conservative treatment are still unclear. Prolonged duration of symptoms before surgical intervention is associated with worse outcomes than a short period of symptoms. Methods: From June 2011 to July 2013, 60 patients with lumbar disk herniation at our institute were randomized into two groups. Group I was treated with prolonged physiotherapy and rehabilitation for 6 months, while group II was treated with early surgical discectomy. Oswestry disability index was used to assess disability, while the Prolo economic outcome rating scale was used to assess the work status. Results: Most patients were males between 21 and 45 years old (mean age, 35.88±7.15). There was significant improvement in the disability and work status in both groups without statistically significant differences in the disability score at the second or third assessment. However, the Prolo scale became significantly better in group I than in group II patients during the second and third assessments. Conclusions: A prolonged physiotherapy and rehabilitation program is a beneficial and successful treatment in patients with recently diagnosed lumbar disk herniation.

Potential Role for a Panel of Immunohistochemical Markers in the Management of Endometrial Carcinoma

Amany Salama,Mohammad Arafa,Eman ElZahaf,Abdelhadi Mohamed Shebl,Azmy Abd El-Hameed Awad,Sylvia A. Ashamallah,Reda Hemida,Anas Gamal,Abd AlRahman Foda,Khaled Zalata,El-Said M. Abdel-Hady 대한병리학회 2019 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.53 No.3

Background: In order to improve the efficacy of endometrial carcinoma (EC) treatment, identifying prognostic factors for high risk patients is a high research priority. This study aimed to assess the relationships among the expression of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), Ki-67, and the different histopathological prognostic parameters in EC and to assess the value of these in the management of EC. Methods: We examined 109 cases of EC. Immunohistochemistry for ER, PR, HER2, and Ki-67 were evaluated in relation to age, tumor size, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage and grade, depth of infiltration, cervical and ovarian involvement, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), and lymph node (LN) metastasis. Results: The mean age of patients in this study was 59.8 ± 8.2 years. Low ER and PR expression scores and high Ki-67 expression showed highly significant associations with non-endometrioid histology (p = .007, p < .001, and p < .001, respectively) and poor differentiation (p = .007, p < .001, and p <. 001, respectively). Low PR score showed a significant association with advanced stage (p = .009). Low ER score was highly associated with LVSI (p = .006), and low PR scores were associated significantly with LN metastasis (p = .026). HER2 expression was significantly related to advanced stages (p = .04), increased depth of infiltration (p = .02), LVSI (p = .017), ovarian involvement (p = .038), and LN metastasis (p = .038). There was a close relationship between HER2 expression and uterine cervical involvement (p = .009). Higher Ki-67 values were associated with LN involvement (p = .012). Conclusions: The over-expression of HER2 and Ki-67 and low expression of ER and PR indicate a more malignant EC behavior. An immunohistochemical panel for the identification of high risk tumors can contribute significantly to prognostic assessments.