Effect of Chromium Chloride on the Mechanical and Dielectric Properties of EPDM Rubber

M.A.Salem,M.A.Khaled,A.M.Hussein,E.Elway 한국고분자학회 2003 Macromolecular Research Vol.11 No.5

Measurements of Young’s modulus, dielectric loss and a.c. conductivity have been carried out on EPDM rubber samples loaded with different concentrations of CrCl3 (0,2,4 and 6 phr). The values of Young’s modulus was found to be linearly dependent on the CrCl3 content. Variation of the dielectric loss with temperature showed that CrCl3 may act as plasticizer. However, at higher frequencies the dielectric loss was found to be independent of frequency and the rubber samples may behave as non-polar dielectric. Investigations of the a.c conductivity suggested that the conduction in these rubber samples can be described by small polaron tunneling. In addition, conductivity was found to increase with CrCl3 content.

Effect of Chromium Chloride on the Mechanical and Dielectric Properties of EPDM Rubber

Salem, M.A.,Khaled, M.A.,Hussein, A.M.,Elway, E. The Polymer Society of Korea 2003 Macromolecular Research Vol.11 No.4

Measurements of Young's modulus, dielectric loss and a.c. conductivity have been carried out on EPDM rubber samples loaded with different concentrations of $CrCl_3$ (0,2,4 and 6 phr). The values of Young's modulus was found to be linearly dependent on the $CrCl_3$ content. Variation of the dielectric loss with temperature showed that $CrCl_3$ may act as plasticizer. However, at higher frequencies the dielectric loss was found to be independent of frequency and the rubber samples may behave as non-polar dielectric. Investigations of the a.c conductivity suggested that the conduction in these rubber samples can be described by small polaron tunneling. In addition, conductivity was found to increase with $CrCl_3$ content.

Chemical composition, aphicidal and antiacetylcholinesterase activities of essential oils against Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Hussein Hanaa S.,Tawfeek Mohamed E.,Abdelgaleil Samir A.M. 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.2

Aphids are important sucking insects that attack many crops and cause huge economic loss. Essential oils have been proposed to be appropriate alternative to synthetic insecticides due to their low impact on environment and human health. In this work, the chemical compositions of eight essential oils extracted from plants growing in Egypt were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The aphicidal activities of the isolated oils were examined against the adults of oleander aphid, Aphis nerii by a leaf-dipping assay. The inhibitory effect of essential oils on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was also tested in vitro. Chemical an alyses showed the essential oils consisted mainly of monoterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated monoterpenes, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenes except the oil of Artemisia monosperma which con tained high content of benzenes. The results of toxicity assay showed that the oils of A. monosperma and Citrus sinensis were the most potent toxicants displaying LC 50 value of 0.06 mg/L. The oils of Callistemon viminals, Schinus terebinthifolius and Schinus molle were also highly effective against aphid as their LC 50 values were lower than 1 mg/L. In addition, the highest inhibitory effect on AChE was recorded by 0.5 mg/L C. sinensis with in hibition of 49.33%, while 0.1 mg/L Citrus lemon oil recorded the lowest inhibitory effect with inhibition of 0.4%. In general, six of tested essential oils showed high toxicity against A. nerii and they might be applied in the IPM programs for this insect.

Nanosheet composed of gold nanoparticle/graphene/epoxy resin based on ultrasonic fabrication for flexible dopamine biosensor using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Hussein Mahmoud A.,El-Said Waleed A.,Abu-Zied Bahaa M.,최정우 나노기술연구협의회 2020 Nano Convergence Vol.7 No.15

Construction of a fast, easy and sensitive neurotransmitters-based sensor could provide a promising way for the diagnosis of neurological diseases, leading to the discovery of more effective treatment methods. The current work is directed to develop for the first time a flexible Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) based neurotransmit‑ ters sensor by using the ultrasonic-assisted fabrication of a new set of epoxy resin (EPR) nanocomposites based on graphene nanosheets (GNS) using the casting technique. The perspicuous epoxy resin was reinforced by the variable loading of GNS giving the general formula GNS/EPR 1–5 . The designed products have been fabricated in situ while the perspicuous epoxy resin was formed. The expected nanocomposites have been fabricated using 3%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% GNS loading was applied for such fabrication process. The chemical, physical and morphological properties of the prepared nanocomposites were investigated by using Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffrac‑ tion, Thermogravimetric analysis, Differential Thermal gravimetry, and field emission scanning electron microscopy methods. The GNS/EPR 1–5 nanocomposites were decorated with a layer of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs/GNS/EPR) to create surface-enhanced Raman scattering hot points. The wettability of the Au NPs/GNS/EPR was investigated in comparison with the different nanocomposites and the bare epoxy. Au NPs/GNS/EPR was used as a SERS-active surface for detecting different concentrations of dopamine with a limit of detection of 3.3 µM. Our sensor showed the capability to detect low concentrations of dopamine either in a buffer system or in human serum as a real sample.

Effect of Supplemental Chromium Levels on Performance, Digestibility and Carcass Characteristics of Transport-stressed Lambs

Kraidees, M.S.,Al-Haidary, I.A.,Mufarrej, S.I.,Al-Saiady, M.Y.,Metwally, H.M.,Hussein, M.F. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2009 Animal Bioscience Vol.22 No.8

A trial was conducted to study the effect of supplemental chromium (Cr) levels from a Cr-yeast source on performance, digestibility and carcass characteristics of transport-stressed lambs. Forty-eight Naemi lambs (avg. BW 31.7 kg) were transported by truck for a distance of 1,450 km. On arrival day, the lambs were randomly allocated to four groups receiving diets supplemented with 0.0, 0.3, 0.6 or 0.9 ppm Cr. Each group consisted of four separately housed replicates of three lambs each. The lambs were fed their respective diets ad libitum for 84 d (21 d stress period, followed by 63 d growing period). Road transit of lambs resulted in a decreased (p<0.001) live body weight of 8.5%. Supplementation of Cr-yeast did not alter the performance of lambs during the stress period. Linear and quadratic increases (p<0.05) were observed in DMI and ADG, respectively, with increasing supplemental Cr levels in the diets during the growing period. Values were greater (p<0.05) by 14.7% and 20.8%, respectively, for lambs fed 0.3 ppm Cr compared to control, while those fed on the other two levels were intermediate. Over the 84-d feeding period, a trend was noted towards a slight increase in loin eye area and a decrease in body wall fat thickness for lambs fed Cr supplementation compared to the control group. This study suggests that the supplementation of Cr-yeast, especially at 0.3 ppm level, is beneficial for improving the performance of growing lambs whether the animals are stressed or not.

Nicotine impact on rat substantia nigra compacta

Sanaa A M Elgayar,Ola A Hussein,Heba A Mubarak,Amany M Ismaiel,Asmaa M.S. Gomaa 대한해부학회 2021 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.54 No.1

Nicotine neuronal interactions exert an adverse potential in some brain regions and a significant link has been established between tobacco smoke/nicotine and vascular impairment. This work addresses nicotine impact on various components of the substantia nigra compacta (SNc) in rat. Twenty adult male Albino rats were divided equally into two groups: Group I, vehicle-control group (received saline [1 ml/kg body weight intra peritoneally] for 11 days). Group II; nicotine group (received 1.5 mg/kg body weight/day Sc) for 11 days. Nicotine levels were detected in the serum. Specimens were taken from the mid brain, processed and examined using biochemical, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural and morphometric techniques. In nicotine group, biochemical analysis revealed reduction in total antioxidant capacity (TAC), decrease in dopamine and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The mean number of light cells, and the mean surface area of nerve cells/field were significantly reduced, with an increase of dark cells were found in nicotine group compared to control. Immunoreactivity in nicotine group revealed an increase in neuronal α-synuclein, reduction in tyrosine hydroxylase enzyme, an increase in caspase 3 and ultrastructure changes suggestive of neuronal apopto. The blood capillaries were markedly affected. Nicotine induced endothelial and pericytic apoptotic changes, irregular lumena and indistinct endothelial junctional complex. Nicotine administered subcutaneously in a small dose may have a deleterious effect on SNc, mainly involving dopaminergic neurons and blood capillaries. This effect seems to be secondary to an oxidative stress that might be produced by reduced TAC and increased MDA levels.

Synthesis, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, and Antibacterial Activities of Some Triazole, Triazolothiadiazole, and Triazolothiadiazine Derivatives

Mostafa A. Hussein,Refaat M. Shaker,Mohammed A. Ameen,Mohammed F. Mohammed 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.8

This study is concerned with the synthesis of new 1,2,4-triazoles, 1,3,4-thiadiazoles, and 1,3,4-thiadiazines derivatives. Derivatives 3a-i were obtained by condensation of 4-amino-3-(4-pyridine)-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole 1 with the appropriate aldehyde. Compounds 4a-i were synthesized in a one pot reaction involving compounds 3a-i, formaldehyde, and morpholine. Condensation of compound 1 with the appropriate acids or 4-substituted phenacyl bromide gave compounds 6a-d and 8a-f respectively. The chemical structures of the newly synthesized derivatives were elucidated using different spectral and elemental methods of analysis. All compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity and the most potent derivatives were tested for their analgesic activity using indomethacin as a reference drug. In addition, ulcerogenicity and LD_50 for the most active compounds were evaluated. Moreover, the antibacterial activities of the newly synthesized derivatives were investigated.

Protective Effect of Portulaca oleracea Extract Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation, Memory Decline, and Oxidative Stress in Mice: Potential Role of miR-146a and miR-let 7

Rasha M. Hussein,Ahmed M. Youssef,Mousa K. Magharbeh,Saed M. Al-Dalaen,Nariman A. Al-Jawabri,Taymaa N. Al-Nawaiseh,Abdullah Al-Jwanieh,Fakhir S. Al-Ani 한국식품영양과학회 2022 Journal of medicinal food Vol.25 No.8

Neuroinflammation is an adaptive immune response to the central nervous system (CNS) injury induced by infection or toxins. MicroRNAs (miRs) showed critical roles in neuroinflammation as either proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory molecules. Interestingly, Portulaca oleracea (purslane) is an edible plant capable of ameliorating several diseases, including headache, burns, and diabetes; however, its effect on the neuroinflammation-associated miRs was not previously investigated. This study aimed to investigate the effect of aqueous purslane extract on the neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice and to identify its effect on animal cognition, oxidative stress, and expressions of miR-146a and miR-let 7. Adult mice were divided into the following groups: Normal group, LPS group, and Purslane+LPS group. Novel target recognition test, brain histopathology, and measurement of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers were performed. The results showed that LPS group exhibited significant decline in the cognitive memory, brain histopathological injury and a decrease in the number of intact neurons compared to the normal group. Furthermore, the LPS group showed a significant increase in malondialdehyde concentration, whereas superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were decreased. The LPS group also showed an increase in the inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor-α and nuclear factor kappa B and downregulation of miR-146a and miR-let 7 expressions in the brain cells compared to the normal group, P value <.05. Interestingly, all these changes were reversed by administration of the aqueous purslane extract. In conclusion, the aqueous purslane extract protected from LPS-induced neuroinflammation and memory decline in mice through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect where upregulation of miR-146a and miR-1et 7 expressions was involved.

Anti-proliferative Activities of Metallic Nanoparticles in an in Vitro Breast Cancer Model

Loutfy, Samah A,Al-Ansary, Nadia A,Abdel-Ghani, Nour T,Hamed, Ahmed R,Mohamed, Mona B,Craik, James D,Eldin, Taher A. Salah,Abdellah, Ahmed M,Hussein, Yassmein,Hasanin, MTM,Elbehairi, Serag Eldin I Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.14

Aims: To investigate effect of metallic nanoparticles, silver (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as antitumor treatment in vitro against human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and their associated mechanisms. This could provide new class of engineered nanoparticles with desired physicochemical properties and may present newer approaches for therapeutic modalities to breast cancer in women. Materials and Methods: A human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) was used as a model of cells. Metallic nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectra and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Cytotoxic effects of metallic nanoparticles on MCF-7 cells were followed by colorimetric SRB cell viability assays, microscopy, and cellular uptake. Nature of cell death was further investigated by DNA analysis and flow cytometry. Results: Treatment of MCF-7 with different concentrations of 5-10nm diameter of AgNPs inhibited cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50 value of $6.28{\mu}M$, whereas treatment of MCF-7 with different concentrations of 13-15nm diameter of AuNPs inhibited cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50 value of $14.48{\mu}M$. Treatment of cells with a IC50 concentration of AgNPs generated progressive accumulation of cells in the S phase of the cell cycle and prevented entry into the M phase. The treatment of cells with IC50 concentrations of AuNPs similarly generated progressive accumulation of cells in sub-G1 and S phase, and inhibited the entrance of cells into the M phase of the cell cycle. DNA fragmentation, as demonstrated by electrophoresis, indicated induction of apoptosis. Conclusions: Our engineered silver nanoparticles effectively inhibit the proliferation of human breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 in vitro at high concentration ($1000{\mu}M$) through apoptotic mechanisms, and may be a beneficial agent against human carcinoma but further detailed study is still needed.

New Dimeric Phenolic Conjugates from the Wood of Tamarix tetragyna

Hussein, Sahar A.M. The Korean Society of Pharmacognosy 1997 Natural Product Sciences Vol.3 No.2

Two new dimeric phenolic conjugates, 2,3-di-O-dehydrodigallicmonocarboxyl-$({\alpha},{\beta})$-$^4C_1$-glucopyranose and ellagic acid 3,3'-dimethylether-4-0-$SO_3K$ were isolated from the debarked heart wood of Tamarix tetragyna (Tamaricaceae) along with the known phenolic compounds, isoferulic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid, gallic acid 4-methyl ether, syringic acid, ellagic acid 3,3'-dimethyl ether and ellagic acid. All structures were determined mostly by ESI-MS, ID and 2D-NMR spectroscopy.