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양희영,김미은,김기석,Yang, Hee-Young,Kim, Mee-Eun,Kim, Ki-Suk Korean Academy of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine 2005 Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain Vol.30 No.4
The purpose of our study was to investigate whether the intrapulpal temperature during cavity preparation of enamel or dentin with Er:YAG laser still remained in range of safety for dental pulp protection when combined with appropriate water flow rate. The effect of different pulse repetition rates at the same pulse energy during ablation was evaluated as well. Caries-free, restoration-free extracted human molar teeth were prepared for the specimen and divided two experimental groups of enamel and dentin. Each group comprised 5 specimens and each of tooth specimens were embedded into a resin block each and measuring probe was placed on the irradiated pulpal walls. For experiments of dentin ablation, enamel layers were prepared to produce dentin specimen with a same dentin thickness of 2 mm. A pulse energy of Er:YAG laser was set to 300 mJ and three different pulse repetition rates of 20 Hz, 15 Hz and 10 Hz were employed. Laser beam was delivered with 3 seconds and less per application over enamel and dentin surfaces constant sized by $3\;mm{\times}2\;mm$ and water spray added during irradiation was a rate of 1.6 ml/min. Temperature change induced by Er:YAG laser irradiation was monitored and recorded While enamel was ablated, there was no significant difference of temperature related to pulse repetition rates(p=0.358) and temperature change at any pulse repetition rate was negligible. Significant statistical difference in temperature changes during cavity preparation in dentin existed among three different pulse groups(p=0.001). While temperature rise was noticeable when the dentinal wall was perforated, actual change of temperature due to Er:YAG laser irradiation was not enough to compromise safety of dental pulp when irradiation was conjugated with appropriate water spray. Conclusively, it can be said that cavity preparation on enamel or dentin with an Er:YAG laser is performed safely without pulp damage if appropriate volume of water is sprayed properly over the irradiated site.
양희영,김미은,Yang, Hee-Young,Kim, Mee-Eun 대한안면통증구강내과학회 2009 Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain Vol.34 No.1
While previous epidemiological studies on temporomandibular disorders (TMD) have been based on a given health center or population sample, no study has been performed on general population of Korea, especially concerning about treatment pattern such as clinician’s specialty involved in TMD treatment, types and amount of prescription medication and cost. This study aimed to investigate magnitude of health visits and treatment patterns for Korean patients with TMD through the computerized database of Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRAS). Inclusion criteria were all patients registered on the HIRAS database over 3 years' period from 2003 to 2005 and the medical records of patients with TMD as a main diagnosis were extracted. Information collected was as follows; distribution related to gender, age and region and type of hospital the patients visited, treatment duration, clinicians' specialty involved in treatment, cost, types of prescription medication and surgical treatment. The results of this study indicated that 0.15% of the population yearly sought TMD treatment, presenting with increase of incidence over the three years. Most of TMD patients were women (99.8%) and the biggest age group was second and third decades and decreased with age. Seoul and Kyeonggi province presented with higher incidence of TMD compared to the other regions of Korea, which seems to be related with magnitude of population. 56% of TMD patients visited primary care sector and the numbers of treatment visits was the highest in dental clinic (38.4%), followed by orthopedics (28%) and ENT (13.6%) clinics in order. Duration of prescription medication was the longest for anti-inflammatory analgesics, followed by antipsychotic drugs and muscle relaxants. Inpatient care related to TMD was primarily performed in dental hospital compared to medical hospital. Medical database of HIRAS provided comprehensive and vast information on epidemiologic characteristics and treatment patterns for patients seeking TMD treatment, which can be more reliable data to expect medical demand for TMD in condition that accurate diagnosis and standardized treatment is delivered in clinical settings.
기획논문 : 프랑스혁명과 정치 ; 프랑스혁명과 식민주의: 총재정부시기 식민지 문제를 중심으로
양희영 ( Hee Young Yang ) 한국서양사연구회(구 서울대학교 서양사연구회) 2015 서양사연구 Vol.0 No.53
The colonial question was one of main political issues in the period of the Directoire. The republicans struggled to preserve the ‘general liberty’ pronounced by the Law of Pluviose 16 because they considered the denial of the general liberty as the denial of the revolutionary cause itself. The controversies over the abolition of slavery, however, always presupposed the retention of colonies and the economic interests of France. The republicans emphasized the economic effects of the abolition of slavery and free wage labor to justify the general liberty. According to them, the force and wealth of France depended on the retention of colonies, which needed the abolition of slavery and the free wage labor. The republicans also argued that only the Republic could guarantee the liberty and civil rights of emancipated slaves against the offensive of the separatist colons and royalists. The general liberty combined with the principle of colonialism and it was the ‘Society of the Friends of the Blacks and the Colonies’ that justified and developed the colonialism based on the general liberty. The Society focused their activities on the regeneration of old colonies and the formation of new colonies. All political groups, as well as the Society, which were concerned about the British monopoly of sea trade aspired for new colonies. The Society offered arguments for realizing and justifying this aspiration by combining the general liberty achieved by the Republic with the regeneration of colonies and the extension of the civilization.
양희영 ( Yang Hee-young ) 한국여성사학회 2017 여성과 역사 Vol.0 No.27
이 글은 19세기 전반 프랑스의 사회주의자 페미니스트 폴린 롤랑의 삶과 사상을 살펴본다. 1830년대 전반기 생시몽주의자로서 앙팡탱의 새로운 도덕을 열렬히 수용했을 때부터 1848년 혁명기 ‘공동생산조합 연합’ 건설에 헌신하다 투옥될 때까지 그의 삶을 이끈 것은 ‘인간에 의한 인간 착취’의 종식과 남성과 여성의 완전한 평등에 대한 신념이었다. 결혼을 거부하고 홀로 세 아이를 키운 어머니로서의 지난한 삶, 노동자 공동생산조합에 대한 헌신과 비판, 유형지 알제리로부터의 귀환 중 맞이한 때 이른 사망은 19세기 사회주의와 페미니즘의 복잡성, 그 한계와 가능성을 생생하게 드러내준다. This article examines the life and thought of Pauline Roland, a French socialist feminist in the nineteenth century. From the first half of the 1830s when Roland, as a Saint-Simonian, ardently embraced the new moral precepts of Supreme Father Enfantin until the period of the 1848 Revolution when she was imprisoned in the midst of devoting herself to the establishment of the ‘Union of Workers’ Associations’, the driving force in her life was the conviction for the end of ‘exploitation of man by man’ and total equality between the sexes. Her life of extreme trials as a mother who refused marriage bringing up three children on her own, her devotion and sacrifice for the workers’ associations as well as her willingness to view them critically, her untimely death on the way home from Algeria, her place of exile, show vividly the complexity of socialism and feminism in the nineteenth century in their limits and possibilities.