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류츠신(劉慈欣) 『삼체(三體)』의 니힐리즘적 세계관 고찰
박정훈 ( Park Chung Hoon ) 한국외국어대학교 중국연구소 2021 中國硏究 Vol.86 No.-
『The Three Body Problem(三體)』is a 2015 Hugo Award winning work of science fiction by Cixin Liu, the renowned science-fiction writer in China. The story of this novel begins with human civilization encountering the attack by “the three-body civilization”, one of extraterrestrial civilizations where a surprising degree of technology has already been established. The characters in this novel struggle with the answer for the conundrum referring to “the salvation of human civilization” in the face of danger in the cosmos regarded as “the dark forest.” The struggles of the characters are situated in an elaborate and well-organized plot, allowing indefatigable energy of the narrative in spite of the emergence of extensive scientific theories, technologies, and numerous characters. This study is focused on the discussion of the writer’s perspective referring to the future of human civilization, on the basis of the studies on the detailed examination of the main characters struggling with the attack by the three-body civilization, and their own perspectives. The characters of this novel have similarity in consideration that they all have “scepticism” on the future of human civilization, which relates closely to the ideas of nihilism. On the basis of the above, this study carries out the research on the speculation that considerable similarity exists between the theme of this novel and the ideas of nihilism, in which existing values are regarded to be baseless, while looking for the emergence of new values based on the destruction, transposition, and disassembly of the existing values. 『The Three Body Problem』raises the possibility to expand the scope of the contemplation on the nature of human civilization to outer space, beating the prejudice that science fiction is a literary genre biased towards popularity. Notably, this novel shows a solid structure of narrative consistency by correlating the humanistic conundrum referring to “the salvation of human civilization” with the mathematical conjecture referring to “the three-body problem” which has been considered unsolvable. Due to rapid technological change, science fiction advances faster than any other moment in the past. In this context, the novel by Cixin Liu appears to be a symbolic work in consideration that it sheds lights on the enormous potential of science fiction.
Mesalamine 투여 중인 궤양성 대장염 환자에서 발생한 약제 유발성 간질성 폐질환 1예
이태훈 ( Tae Hoon Lee ),이석호 ( Suck Ho Lee ),조영신 ( Young Sin Cho ),박지영 ( Ji Young Park ),박정훈 ( Jeong Hoon Park ),박도현 ( Do Hyun Park ),정일권 ( Il Kwun Chung ),김홍수 ( Hong Soo Kim ),박상흠 ( Sang Heum Park ),김선주 대한장연구학회 2007 Intestinal Research Vol.5 No.2
Pulmonary involvement in ulcerative colitis is very rare and may present as a variety of disorders. Pulmonary disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease may be due to lung involvement in the disease itself or to drugs used for treatment, such as sulfasalazine or mesalamine. The use of mesalamine was initially thought to be free of adverse effects. Recently, however, pulmonary diseases related to the use of mesalamine have been reported. In this report, we describe a patient with ulcerative colitis and mesalamine induced interstitial lung disease. (Intest Res 2007;5:192-195)
한국인 남성 불임 환자에서 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) 유전자의 1298번의 다형성과의 관련성에 관한 연구
정유미,정태규,김현주,이숙환,박정훈,김남근,김세현,차광렬,이수만,Jeong, Yu-Mi,Chung, Tae-Gue,Kim, Hyun-Joo,Lee, Sook-Hwan,Park, Jung-Hoon,Kim, Nam-Keun,Kim, Se-Hyun,Cha, Kwang-Yul,Lee, Su-Man 대한생식의학회 2003 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.30 No.4
Objective: To investigate the association of genetic background between MTHFR A1298C genotype and male infertility. Materials and Methods: We compared 377 infertile males with 396 healthy fertile males with one or more offspring. Infertile males were classified into four subtypes (281 azoospermia, 26 oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT), 59 severe OAT and 11 remnants) by World Health Organization (WHO). Pyrosequencing analysis for MTHFR (methylenetetrahydrofolatereductase) A1298C variation was performed on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product of study group. To validate pyrosequencing data of A1298C variation for randomly selected 50 samples, we compared the pyrosequencing result with the PCR-RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) result of MTHFR A1298C genotype. Results: We studied MTHFR A1298C variation by pyrosequencing. A1298C variation data (1298 AC; p=0.2166 and 1298 CC; p=0.5056) of MTHFR gene was no significant difference in between fertile and infertile males. Conclusion: The genetic analysis in MTHFR gene didn't appear genetic difference in Korean fertile and infertile males. We require further study for MTHFR gene in infertile males.
위막성 장염 환자에서 의식수준과 내시경 소견과의 연관성
정일권 ( Il Kwun Chung ),이석호 ( Suck Ho Lee ),박정훈 ( Jung Hoon Park ),박도현 ( Do Hyun Park ),김홍수 ( Hong Soo Kim ),박상흠 ( Sang Heum Park ),김선주 ( Sun Joo Kim ) 대한장연구학회 2006 Intestinal Research Vol.4 No.2
Background/Aims: Unconsciousness can create problems in diagnosing and treating pseudomembranous colitis (PMC). While early recognition of clostridium difficile infection and immediate medical therapy can lead to a good prognosis, delayed diagnosis can lead to complex, recurrent and even fatal PMC. The relationships between endoscopic clinical features and unconsciousness are not well documented. The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between PMC endoscopic clinical features and the level of consciousness. Methods: Fifty three patients with confirmed PMC during the past 2 years were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were categorized as being in either a conscious state (CS) (i.e. alert) or an unconscious state (US) (i.e. drowsy, stupor, semicoma or coma). Endoscopic patterns of pseudomembranous plaques were classified as grade I=only friability or erosion without plaque, grade II=granular plaque, grade III=nodular plaque, or grade IV=confluent plaque. Clinical features including diagnostic interval (from initial prescription of antibiotic to confirming PMC), endoscopic severity, treatment method, treatment duration and prognosis were compared in between CS and US groups. Results: Mean patient age was 65.7±14.9 (male 47.2%, female 52.8%). The overall diagnostic interval was 9.37±4.35 days. Frequently causative antibiotics were cephalosporin (52.8%, 28/53), clindamycin (13.2%, 7/53) and imipenam (9.4%, 5/53). Of the 53 patients, 60.4% (32/53) were categorized as CS, and 39.6% (21/53) as US. In terms of pseudomembranous plaque endoscopic patterns, 18.9% (10/53) were grade I, 28.3% (15/53) were grade II, 32.1% (17/53) were grade III, and 20.8% (11/53) were grade IV. Treatment involved oral administration only. The overall complete treatment rate was 94.3% (50/53). The overall recurrence rate was 5.7% (3/53), and of these one patient died, and two patients were successfully managed by re-treatment. One recurrent and the fatal case occurred in the US group. The US group was positively correlated with longer diagnostic interval, and showed more severe endoscopic features and longer treatment duration compared to the CS group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Endoscopic and clinical features were more serious in unconscious PMC patients. Compared to conscious patients, unconscious patients being administrated antibiotics must be given greater attention in terms of early diagnosis and successful management of PMC. (Intestinal Research 2006;4:101-105)
공기충격파와 세관제를 이용한 노후급수관의 세관에 관한 연구
이현동(Hyun Dong Lee),배철호(Chul Ho Bae),박정훈(Jeong Hoon Park),신현준(Hyun Joon Shin),조정식(Chung Sik Cho) 한국물환경학회 2001 한국물환경학회지 Vol.17 No.6
It was estimated that cleaning effect in old service pipe by cleaning methods such as air pulse waves and cleaning solution (Disinfectants and Chemical cleaning solution) in the study. The results of cleaning experiments by air pulse waves showed that cleaning efficiency didn`t influenced by both increase of flow rate in pipe and hydraulic cross section and was about 0.8%. Cleaning experiments of batch system by cleaning solution alone also showed that hydraulic cross section was a little smaller in the same condition, the cleaning efficiency of cleaning solution in service pipe was more increased. And the cleaning efficiency of chemicals cleaning was a little higher than solution disinfectants (O₃, H₂O₂, MIOX). Hydraulic cross section by Carela-Bio-Plus of both chemical cleaning solutions was increased at 14%. The cleaning efficiency of Carela-Bio-Plus also was higher than any other cleaning solutions in loop system. Especially, cleaning efficiency of ozone was higher than Carela-Bio-Plus Forte, and the results showed that ozone was thought to depend on pH. In case of cleaning by air pulse waves with cleaning solutions together, hydraulic cross section of old service pipe was more increased from 0.08% to 2.8% than cleaning of cleaning solutions alone. Amount of scale in old service pipe also was decreased from 0.11g to 9.82g. And it was thought that cleaning efficiency by both ozone and chemical cleaning solutions usually was higher in strong acidic solution. Therefore neutralization treatment by alkaline solution should be required after pipe cleaning. Also those cleaning solution, especially their odors and gas, are known as lethal chemicals for humans. So the disposal of their odor and gas were thought to be very important for feasible application of pipe cleaning.
수돗물의 수질특성이 옥내 급수관의 부식속도에 미치는 영향 평가
이현동(Hyun Dong Lee),배철호(Chul Ho Bae),박정훈(Jeong Hoon Park),정원식(Won Sik Chung),곽필재(Phil Jae Kwak) 한국물환경학회 2001 한국물환경학회지 Vol.17 No.5
The effects of water quality characteristics on internal corrosion of galvanized steel service pipe(GSP) in the building were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively, and the time of its replacement were predicted in the study. The results showed that water quality characteristics of Nakdong River water resources in both anti-corrosion factors(pH, Alkalinity, Hardness etc..,) and corrosion factors(Conductivity, Chloride ion, Sulfate ion etc..,) were higher than any other water quality of major water resources. And water corrosivity of water resources were seem to depend on the method of evaluation such as LI, LR, and BI. And Nakdong River water resources also was thought to be high in the evaluation of corrosion indices such as LR and BI especially. Therefore the results of the evaluation also showed that water corrosivity of Nakdong River water resources were higher than any other water resources entirely. Corrosion rate measurement by Corrator showed that uniform and pitting corrosion rates were 0.075 mmpy and 1.333 mmpy in Nakdong River water resources, 0.070 mmpy and 0.834 mmpy in lake water resources, and 0.065 mmpy and 0.445 mmpy in Han River water resources. And pitting corrosion were thought to be predominant corrosion type in GSP. The time of GSP replacement were thought to be about from 14.1 years to 16.2 years if considering only a straight part of GSP by uniform corrosion rate. Otherwise if a screw part, the time of Its replacement would be about from 6.7 years to 7.7 years. But if pitting corrosion rate, the time would be shorter. Residual thickness measurement of GSP by ultrasonic waves showed that average and maximum corrosion rates were 0.054 mmpy and 0.084 mmpy in Nakdong River water resources, 0.041 mmpy and 0.055 mmpy in lake water resources, and 0.022 mmpy and 0.032 mmpy in Han River water resources, and all average and maximum corrosion rake were lower than corrosion rate by Corrator.
문준식(June-Sik Moon),이상수(Sang-Su Lee),박정훈(Chung-Hoon Park),오주원(Joo-Won Oh) 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2010 한국마린엔지니어링학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.4
Global warming has become the most complicated issue in these days. Along this trend, alternative systems for propulsion have been developed such as gas fuel, fuel cell and solar power, etc. Among them, a gas-fuelled ship has been recognized as one of the best practicable systems. For this reason, IMO has been discussing the safety of gas fuelled ships for developing regulations since 2004. This paper introduces IMO's trend for gas-fuelled ships briefly.