잔류자계를 이용한 속도검출용 자계센서

신사현,장용해,백형래,조금배 조선대학교 전자정보통신연구소 2001 電子情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.4 No.2

In this paper, describe the magnetic sensor detecting the speed of wire or thin pipe, which move irregularly, using Hysteresis phenomenon. After magnetic field is placed to a metallic object, this magnetic sensor converts residual magnetism into velocity, This magnetic sensor is composed of transmission part that causes magnetism, reception part that detects magnetism, and control part that convert magnetic field intensity into velocity.

청감심리실험에 의한 판소리 홀의 음향평가

신영무,정사희 圓光大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.31 No.2

한국전통음악 중의 판소리는 거의 야외에서 공연되었으나, 현재는 실내에서 공연되는 경우가 더 많아졌다. 따라서, 판소리가 실내에서 공연되는 경우, 이 판소리가 실내에서는 어떤 청감적 인상을 나타내는지를 검토하기 위해 몇개의 항목(울림의 길이, 명료도 등)을 정하여 청감심리실험을 하였다. 본 연구에 참가한 피험자들의 분석결과는, 울림의 길이의 경우 판소리는 잔향시간이 0.6초에서 0.8초의 범위가, 명료도는 0.8초의 전후가, 전체적 인상은 1초전후의 범위가 좋은 홀의 조건으로써 제안할 수가 있게 되었다. 따라서, 이번의 청감실험에 의해 판소리의 경우는 아니리라고 하는 것이 공연중에 종종 튀어나오기 때문에, 아니리의 演行이 잘 되게 하기 위해서는 잔향시간이 짧은쪽의 홀이 좋은 명료도를 갖기 때문에, 잔향시간은 될 수 있는데로 짧은 쪽이 바람직하다는 것을 알게 되었다. 또한, 이번의 실험에 의해 임펄스 응답으로 부터는 모든 음향적 물리량 뿐만 아니라, 모든 청감평가를 위한 시험음을 만들 수가 있기 때문에, 이 음향적 신호처리기술의 응용은 실내음향설계에 있어서 매우 강한 도구로써 사용할 수 있다는 것이 검증되었다. In case PANSORI is playing indoor, for the purpose of its hearing impressions, we are investigated several items (length of sound reverberation, clearity etc.). Therefore, its result are length of sound reverberation is 0.6 sec. of reverberation time, clearity is 0.8 sec., total impressions of PANSORI is about 1.0 sec.. And if the using of this new indoor acoustic estimation technique, we are verifiable as follows, a) I founded that ground planning of Korean music hall is planed on the ground of special dramatical factors of Korean music and hall. b) Techniques of indoor acoustical design became to possible by the computer simulations of the building shape and reflected rays of sound and valuation of hearing test.

A General Approach to Preferential Formation of Active Fe–N_<i>x</i> Sites in Fe–N/C Electrocatalysts for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Sa, Young Jin,Seo, Dong-Jun,Woo, Jinwoo,Lim, Jung Tae,Cheon, Jae Yeong,Yang, Seung Yong,Lee, Jae Myeong,Kang, Dongwoo,Shin, Tae Joo,Shin, Hyeon Suk,Jeong, Hu Young,Kim, Chul Sung,Kim, Min Gyu,Kim, Tae American Chemical Society 2016 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.138 No.45

<P>Iron-nitrogen on carbon (Fe-N/C) catalysts have emerged as promising nonprecious metal catalysts (NPMCs) for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in energy conversion and storage devices. It has been widely suggested that an active site structure for Fe-N/C catalysts contains Fe-N-x coordination. However, the preparation of high-performance Fe-N/C catalysts mostly involves a high-temperature pyrolysis step, which generates not only catalytically active Fe-N-x sites, but also less active large iron-based particles. Herein, we report a general 'silica-protective-layer-assisted' approach that can preferentially generate the catalytically active Fe-N-x sites in Fe-N/C catalysts while suppressing the formation of large Fe-based particles. The catalyst preparation consisted of an adsorption of iron porphyrin precursor on carbon nanotube (CNT), silica layer overcoating, high-temperature pyrolysis, and silica layer etching, which yielded CNTs coated with thin layer of porphyrinic carbon (CNT/PC) catalysts. Temperature-controlled in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy during the preparation of CNT/PC catalyst revealed the coordination of silica layer to stabilize the Fe-N-4 sites. The CNT/PC catalyst contained higher density of active Fe-N-x sites compared to the CNT/PC prepared without silica coating. The CNT/PC showed very high ORR activity and excellent stability in alkaline media. Importantly, an alkaline anion exchange membrane fuel cell (AEMFC) with a CNT/PC-based cathode exhibited record high current and power densities among NPMC-based AEMFCs. In addition, a CNT/PC-based cathode exhibited a high volumetric current density of 320 A cm(3) in acidic proton exchange membrane fuel cell. We further demonstrated the generality of this synthetic strategy to other carbon supports.</P>

A Case of Primary Rectal MALT Lymphoma Presenting as a Semipedunculated Polyp with Ulceration

( Sa Young Shin ),( Hyun Il Seo ),( Koon Hee Han ),( Ho Suk Oh ),( Tae Eun Kim ) 대한내과학회 2015 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1

Introduction: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a representative primary gastrointestinal (GI) tract lymphoma; the stomach is the most common site for MALT lymphoma of the GI tract. MALT lymphomas in other areas of the GI tract are rare. On endoscpic observation, most rectal MALT lymphomas appear as a sessile protruding polypoid mass and/or an ulcer. There is currently no standard treatment for rectal MALT lymphomas. Herein, wereport a unique case of rectal MALT lymphoma presenting as a semipedunculated polypoid mass with ulcerations; the mass was removed via endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), followed with additional radiation therapy. Case Report: A 40-year-old woman was admitted for hematochezia with tenesmus. Colonoscopy revealed a 15-mm semipedunculated polypoid mass in the rectum, 2 cm from the anal verge. The polypoid mass had a smooth hyperemic surface with ulcerations. En bloc resection with ESD was used to excise the mass. Microscopic examination of the resected specimens showed submucosal lymphoid proliferation and centrocyte-like cell proliferation. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the cells stained positively for CD20 and BCL-2 but negatively for CD5, CD10, and cyclin D1. Next, staging evaluation was performed. Contrast-enhanced thoracic and abdominal computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography-CT revealed no lymph node metastases or involvement of any other organ. Bone marrow biopsy was performed on both sides, and they showed no remarkable findings. The patient was diagnosed with an indolent (low-grade) MALT lymphoma of stage IE (Ann-Arbor staging system). She had already undergone ESD. After the final diagnosis, the patient received radiation therapy.Conclusions: There is no standard treatment for rectal MALT lymphoma. In the present case, we recommended and performed ESD and radiation therapy. The thoracic and abdominal CT scans that were obtained at the 3-month follow-up visit showed no evidence ofany recurrent lesion. After 5 months of ESD, the patient is scheduled for subsequent colonoscopy. More studies regarding rectal MALT lymphoma presenting with variable features will be needed to establish guidelines for the treatment of rectal MALT lymphomas.

증례 : 소화기: 내시경점막하박리술로 제거한 직장항문관암 1예

신사영 ( Sa Young Shin ),서현일 ( Hyun Il Seo ),한군희 ( Koon Hee Han ),우영민 ( Yeongmin Woo ),최경진 ( Kyung Jin Choe ),한명식 ( Myeong Sik Han ),엄대운 ( Dae Woon Eom ) 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회지 Vol.90 No.4

항문과 인접한 직장암에 대해서는 주로 복회음절제술과 항암 및 방사선 치료를 시행하고 있다. 하지만 인공항문 또는 장루로 삶의 질이 현저히 낮아질 가능성이 높다. 내시경점막하박리술은 항문을 살릴 수 있지만 초기 암에만 적용될 수 있고 치상선 이하의 항문관은 직장결장과는 구분되는 해부학적 특징이 있어 어려움이 있다. 항문관부위의 내시경시술은 해부학적 구조로 인한 출혈, 통증, 시야확보의 어려움 등이 있을 수 있으므로 이를 잘 숙지하고 시술을 시행해야 한다. 저자들은 치상선을 넘어 항문관까지 침범한 직장항문종양을 내시경점막하박리술로 제거한 증례를 경험하였고 아직 국내에는 보고된 예가 없어 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Anorectal cancer is traditionally treated via abdominoperineal resection and/or chemoradiation. Currently, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is widely used to treat early gastrointestinal epithelial neoplasias. However, the use of ESD to treat lesions of the anal canal raises concerns that do not arise when treating lesions of the stomach and colorectum. Therefore, particular care is needed when treating lesions in the anal area. We recently treated a 75-year-old woman who was scheduled for surgical resection to treat anorectal cancer. The lesion was successfully removed using ESD. This is the first report of the use of ESD to treat anorectal cancer in Korea. Here, we present our case report and review the relevant literature. (Korean J Med 2016;90:313-317)

발효 애기똥풀 주정추출물의 항균 및 항산화활성에 있어 발효 균주의 효과

Ham Young-Joo,Shin Young-Keun,Choi Nag-Jin,Kang Sang-Mo 한국유기농업학회 2013 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.21 No.3

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of fermentation on biological activity of Chelidonium majus var asiaticum and to screen effective starter culture strains. Antibacterial activity against to Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella gallinarum and antioxidant activity as free radical scavenging activity by using DPPH were tested. Total six starter culture strains, two of Lactobacillus brevis, one of Lactobacillus plantarum and three of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were used. Plant extract was prepared after fermentation by using ethanol. All strains showed normal growth in viable cell counts of fermented cultures and L. plantarum showed the highest cell growth significantly (p

International Young Doctors` Session : Session 4 ; Contribution of MRI to ultrasound for the evaluation of fetal central nervous system anomalies

( Sang Il Kim ),( Jae Eun Shin ),( Jong Chul Shin ),( Sa Jin Kim ),( Young Lee ),( In Yang Park ) 대한산부인과학회 2013 서울심포지움 Vol.18 No.-

Epidermal growth factor receptor mutation and pattern of brain metastasis in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer

Min Young Baek,Hee Kyung Ahn,Kyu Ree Park,Hwa-Sun Park,Shin Myung Kang,Inkeun Park,Young Saing Kim,Junshik Hong,Sun Jin Sym,Jinny Park,Jae Hoon Lee,Dong Bok Shin,Eun Kyung Cho 대한내과학회 2018 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.33 No.1

Background/Aims: We investigated the time taken for patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to develop brain metastases (BM), as well as their subsequent overall median survival following diagnosis, considering the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutational status. Methods: We retrospectively investigated the medical records of 259 patients diagnosed with advanced NSCLC from January 2010 to August 2013, who were tested for EGFR mutations. The time from the diagnosis of advanced NSCLC to the development of BM and the overall median survival after BM development (BMOS) were evaluated and compared by EGFR mutational status. Results: Sixty-seven patients (25.9%) developed BM. Synchronous BM occurred more often in patients with EGFR mutation type (MT) (n = 20, 27.4%) compared with EGFR wild type (WT) (n = 27, 14.5%, p < 0.009). The median BM-OS was significantly longer in patients with EGFR MT than in those with EGFR WT (25.7 months vs. 3.8 months, p < 0.001), and a similar trend was noticed for patients with synchronous BM (25.7 months for EGFR MT vs. 6.8 months for EGFR WT, p < 0.001). However, in patients with metachronous BM development, the difference in BM-OS between patients with EGFR MT (14.6 months) and EGFR WT (2.5 months) did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.230). Conclusions: Synchronous BM was more common in NSCLC patients with EGFR MT than in those with EGFR WT. However, EGFR mutations were associated with significantly longer median BM-OS, especially when the brain was the first metastatic site.

Quantitative Feasibility Evaluation of ¹¹C-Methionine Positron Emission Tomography Images in Gamma Knife Radiosurgery : Phantom-Based Study and Clinical Application

Lim, Sa-Hoe,Jung, Tae-Young,Jung, Shin,Kim, In-Young,Moon, Kyung-Sub,Kwon, Seong-Young,Jang, Woo-Youl The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2019 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.62 No.4

Objective : The functional information of $^{11}C$-methionine positron emission tomography (MET-PET) images can be applied for Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKR) and its image quality may affect defining the tumor. This study conducted the phantom-based evaluation for geometric accuracy and functional characteristic of diagnostic MET-PET image co-registered with stereotactic image in Leksell $GammaPlan^{(R)}$ (LGP) and also investigated clinical application of these images in metastatic brain tumors. Methods : Two types of cylindrical acrylic phantoms fabricated in-house were used for this study : the phantom with an array-shaped axial rod insert and the phantom with different sized tube indicators. The phantoms were mounted on the stereotactic frame and scanned using computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and PET system. Three-dimensional coordinate values on co-registered MET-PET images were compared with those on stereotactic CT image in LGP. MET uptake values of different sized indicators inside phantom were evaluated. We also evaluated the CT and MRI co-registered stereotactic MET-PET images with MR-enhancing volume and PET-metabolic tumor volume (MTV) in 14 metastatic brain tumors. Results : Imaging distortion of MET-PET was maintained stable at less than approximately 3% on mean value. There was no statistical difference in the geometric accuracy according to co-registered reference stereotactic images. In functional characteristic study for MET-PET image, the indicator on the lateral side of the phantom exhibited higher uptake than that on the medial side. This effect decreased as the size of the object increased. In 14 metastatic tumors, the median matching percentage between MR-enhancing volume and PET-MTV was 36.8% on PET/MR fusion images and 39.9% on PET/CT fusion images. Conclusion : The geometric accuracy of the diagnostic MET-PET co-registered with stereotactic MR in LGP is acceptable on phantom-based study. However, the MET-PET images could the limitations in providing exact stereotactic information in clinical study.

Safety and Temporal Pattern of the Lymphocyte Count During Fingolimod Therapy in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: Real-World Korean Experience

So-Young Huh,Su-Hyun Kim,Ki Hoon Kim,Young Nam Kwon,Sung-Min Kim,Seung Woo Kim,Ha Young Shin,Yeon Hak Chung,Ju-Hong Min,Jungmin So,Young-Min Lim,Kwang-Kuk Kim,Nam-Hee Kim,Tai-Seung Nam,Sa-Yoon Kang,Je 대한신경과학회 2022 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.18 No.6

Background and Purpose Fingolimod (FTY) inhibits lymphocyte egress from lymphoid organs to cause lymphopenia, but the clinical implications of FTY-induced lymphopenia are not fully understood. We aimed to determine the frequency and severity of lymphopenia during FTY treatment among Korean patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), and its association with infections. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with MS treated using FTY from 12 referral centers in South Korea between March 2013 and June 2021. Patients were classified according to their nadir absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) during treatment: grade 1, 800–999/μL; grade 2, 500–799/μL; grade 3, 200–499/μL; and grade 4, <200/μL. Results FTY treatment was administered to 69 patients with a median duration of 18 months (range=1–169 months), with 11 patients being treated for ≥7 years. During FTY treatment, mean ALCs were reduced after the first month (653.0±268.9/μL, mean±standard deviation) (p<0.0001) and remained low during treatment lasting up to 84 months. During follow-up, 41 (59.4%) and 7 (10.1%) patients developed grade-3 and grade-4 lymphopenia, respectively. No significant difference was found in age at FTY initiation, sex, baseline ALC, body mass index, or prior disease-modifying treatment between patients with and without grade-4 lymphopenia. Infections were observed in 11 (15.9%) patients, and the frequencies of patients with and without grade-4 lymphopenia were similar. Conclusions FTY treatment induced grade-4 lymphopenia in 10% of South Korean patients with MS, but did not appear to be associated with an increased infection risk.