추출제제의 안정성

이완하 한국약제학회 1973 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.3 No.3

庭園樹 회양목 섬향나무 사철나무의 盆裁에 關한 硏究

李琬河 仁川敎育大學校 1968 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

盆栽는 造花나 生花처럼 流行性의 性質이 거의없고 또 一定한 樹形이 없으며 自己一生을 通하여 栽培하여도 滿足하다는 完成品이라 볼 수 없다. 또 一定한 形態나 仕立法이 있는 것이 아니고 樹種이나 栽培者의 趣味에 따라서 形과 觀賞價値性이 달라 진다. 盆栽樹種의 選定上 다음 事項을 留念하여 選擇함이 좋으리라 思料된다. 1. 常綠 灌木 또는 小喬木으로 徒長性이 없는 樹種 2. 葉, 莖(枝)의 調和가 좋고 葉의 着生數가 많은 小葉形인 樹種 葉은 活葉後 春期에 2∼3回 全摘葉하므로 葉이 小形으로 된다. 3. 繁殖이나 採苗가 容易하고 어느 環境에서도 生育이 잘 適應되는 樹種 4. 뿌리내림이 旺盛하여 盆에서 잘 生育할 수 있고 側枝나 細枝가 많이 發生하는 樹種 5. 病蟲害의 被害가 적고 常時 야름다운 잎 줄기를 保存할 수 있는 樹種 6. 開花하는 樹種으로는 꽃이 크지 않고 야름답지 않아야하며 着果되고 成熟의 過程이 긴 樹種

Indoprofen 및 Indoprofen Lysinate와 Human Serum Albumin의 結合에 관한 硏究

李琬夏,柳柄泰,智雄吉,金東吉 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1984 論文集 Vol.35 No.1

Indoprofen, 4- (1, 3-dihydro-1-oxo-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-α-methylbenzene acetic acid, has many advantages over the other antiinflammatory drugs, such as salicylates, naproxen. Although indoprofen is widely used as an antiinflammatory agent, it shows poor solubility in water. In order to inhance water solubility, indoprofen was made as lysine salt. The purpose of this study was to inspect the binding of the 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonatc(ANS) to human serum albumin (HSA) and to be to comparative studies on indoprofen lysinate and indoprofen in aspect of the binding to HSA and the number of binding sites was obtained using a fluorescent probe technique. The numbers of binding sites for indoprofen and indoprofen lysinate appear to be 3.35, 3.4, respectively and the association constants were found as follows; HSA-Indoprofen. ; K_b1 = 6.62 × 10 exp(5), K_b2 = 5.44 × 10 exp(4) HSA-Indoprofen lysinate ; K_b1 = 2.32 × 10 exp(5), K_b2 = 5.03 × 10 exp(4)

Indomethacin Lysinate의 藥劑學的 硏究

李琬夏,延海壽 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1984 論文集 Vol.35 No.2

Pharmaceutical Studies on Indomethacin lysinate At the present time, a major problem in the management of inflammatory and degenerative arthritis has been found in anti-inflammatory analgesic drug which combines potency with safety. Furthermore, the will-established agents in current use, including salicylates, corticosteroids, phenylbutazone, and ketoprofen, have ulcergenic properties as well as other serious toxic or side effects while the efficacy of other, safer drugs such as ibuprofen has been questioned. Considering these problems, indomethacin, 1-(p-chloro benzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-3-indolyl acetic acid which is a first non steroidal antiinflammatory drug has many advantages in pharmaceutical efficacy to the above drugs and has been used all over the world. But, according to reports, indomethacin is not well tolerated by patients and has a very high incidence of side effects and toxic reactions. In particular, overt gastrointestinal bleeding has been reported. The physical properties of indomethacin make difficulties in preparing of pharmaceutical preparations because of its water insolubility. In order to make soluble in water, indomethacin was made as lysine salt, such as acetylsalicylic acid lysine salt, ibuprofen lysine salt, ketoprofen lysine salt and amino acid salt of phenylbutazone. The purposes of this study was to make a comparison between indomethacin and indomethaein lysine salt in aspects of analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic effect and blood concentration. The experimental results were summerized as followings. 1. Indomethacin lysinate was composed of one molecule of indomethacin and one molecule of lysine. The product which lyophilized was water soluble and melting point was 223℃. 2. Indomethacin lysinate showed about 2 times stronger analgesic effect than that of indomethacin. 3. In antipyretic effect, it was found that the body temperature of rabbit returned to normal after 3 hours in indomethacin while after 1 hour in indomethacin lysinate. 4. Indomethacin lysinate showed about 10% stronger anti-inflammatory effect than that of indomethacin and continued as same pattern until 5 hours later. 5. LD_50 of indomethacin lysinate was 1.8mg/kg higher than that of indomethacin, suggesting indomethacin lysinate as safer drug. 6. Indomethacin lysinate showed 99% dissolution rate in H_2O, 95% in pH 7.2 buffer solution while it showed 20% dissolution rate in pH 4.2 buffer solution. 7. In isolated intestinal absorption test, indomethacin lysinate showed about 20-30% higher absorption rate until 3 hours later than that of indomethacin. 8. Elimination rate constant of indomethacin lysinate was shown as 0.016 in I. V. injection while that of indomethacin was 0.023. Indomethacin lysinate showed higher remaining plasma concentration until 50 minutes later than that of indomethacin. 9. Blood concentration of indomethacin lysinate was 2~3 times higher than that of indomethacin in oral administration and continued as same pattern until 3 hours later. Both drugs, indomethacin and indomethacin lysinate showed pick level plasma concentration after 2 hours in oral administration. 10. Blood concentration of indomethacin lysinate was higher than that of indomethacin until 80 minutes later in I.M. injection. From the above results, it can be concluded that lysine salt of indomethacin is less potent, more effective, safer drug than indomethacin itself.

Indomethacin 注射劑 製造에 관한 硏究

李琬夏 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1987 論文集 Vol.38 No.1

In order to make the injectable preperation, indomethacin argininate was prepared and investigated its bioabnilability as well as the solubility in water. The experimental results were summerized as followings 1. Indomethacin argininate was composed of one molecule of indomethacin and one molecule of arginin. The product was water soluble and melting point was 202∼204℃. 2. LD_50 of indomethacin argininate was 17.4mg/kg in mice by Berens-Ka¨bers method. 3. The dissolution rate of indomethacin argininate was about 99% in water and pH 7.2 phosphate beffer solution in 1 minute 4. The anti-inflammatory effect of indomethacin argininate was stronger than that of indomethacin until 3 hours in rats 5. The analgesic effect of indomethacin argininate was proued to increase by 16% higher than that of indomethacin in mice 6. The absorption rate (Ka) of indomethacin was 0.827hr^-1 and that of indomethacin arginiate was 1,103hr^-1 by in seter 7. Blood concentration of indomethacin argininate was higher than that of indomethacin after I.M. injection.

우리地方(淸州地方中心)의 水稻新品種에 對한 適應性硏究

李琬河 청주교육대학교 1966 論文集 Vol.1 No.-

A varietal test of the recommanded rice varieties had been comducted from 1962 to 1964, to select high yield varieties Resutis of the test may be summarized as follows. 1. All Rice varieties, Susung, Palki, Jaekeun, Shimpung and Jinheung have high yielding capability compared with the previously recommanded varieties, Pungok and Paldal in Chungju area. Among these varieties, Susung, Palki and Jinheung are natable in yield increase of 9.6 and 9.5 percent, respectinely. 2. In general the new varieties are early in heading date, short in culm, and resistant to diseases and pests compared with the standard variety. Pungok. 3. Continued drought in 1962 has provided good environments to rice growth in water sufficient paddy field. Jh 1963, heavy rain fall during the month of may and June has resulted in relatinely worse environments to rice growht. Occuranee of rice blast was remorkable under the weather type of 1963, but the new varieties were relatinely resistant to rice blast 4. Rice varieties that are resistant to heavy fertilizer and have high fertilizer response are urgenthy required in the sense that control of rice blast may be the mast important factor in increasing rice yield. These new rice varieties may be selected as superior in Chungju area.

潛血試驗에 관한 硏究 第Ⅰ報 : Aminopyrine法 Aminopyrine Methode

李琬夏,柳柄泰,都京三 成均館大學校 1978 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

In studies of the aminopyrine-alcohol-buffer solution on the occult blood test using the filter paper method, it is found that the experimental optimum conditions are 4% aminopyrine. 10% of H_2O_2, pH5 of the Walpole buffe、r solution Toyo filter paper No.2, 1 min of standing time, and the 7 : 3 ratio of aminopyrine to H_2O_2 (V/V) As the sensitivity of this method agrees to that of Hematest, it is considered that this method can be used as a clinical test in occult blood.

韓國 및 日本 덴마아크 實科敎育의 比較 硏究

李琬河 仁川敎育大學校 初等敎育硏究所 1976 교육논총 Vol.7 No.-

本 硏究를 通하여 세 나라의 實科敎育의 內容과 實態를 檢討하여 볼 때, 1) 韓國에 있어서는 敎育令이 公布된 初期의 敎育은 一定한 獨立된 名稱이 없이 男學生에게는 農, 工, 商業들의 內容이 指導되었고 女學生에게는 手藝 手技등이 指導되었다. 日人이 侵略한 후 日政의 支配하下에서는 職業科로서 위의 內容이 指導되었으나 그들의 戰爭準備에 凍原되어 勤勞敎育으로 마치 作業科와 같았다. 解放과 더부러 職業, 家庭科로서 職業에 대한 知識을 주고 또 職業選擇의 能力을 기르고자 하는데 目的을 두었으나 심한 入試競爭과 施設 및 豫算不足으로 指導內容이 度外視되었으며 理論에만 置重되었다. 다시 敎育法이 改正되어 實業, 家庭科로서 多樣하고 모호하게 指導되다가 最近에 實科 및 技術敎科로서 指導되고 있으나 아직도 施設面에서 指導敎師의 資質 그리고 豫算 및 卒業後의 就業, 등에 많은 問題를 가지고 있다. 2) 日本은 새로운 實業技術敎育制度를 導入함과 이것은 急速化하였으나 敎育이 技術을 뒤�아 와서 敎育이 自主的으로 이루어지지 못하였으며 肉體的인 勞動과 忍耐力의 養性만을 要求하는 敎育이었다. 때문에 그들은 敎育의 貧因을 면치 못하다가 戰爭後 그들은 米麴의 對日?:和定策으로 絶望에서 復興으로 轉換點을 찾아 大戰中의 軍事面을 平和的産業面으로 轉用시켜 産業 復興을 위한 財政的 投資로서 産業을 發展시켜 나갔다. 이들의 實科敎育은 韓國 비슷한 점이 많으며 初等學校는 實科라는 敎科가 없고 家庭科로서 男女 學生들에게 家庭 土?로 하여 가볍게 指導되고 있으며 韓國과 같은 實科的인 領域이 理科 속에 많은 內容이 指導되고 있다. 그러나 中學校 以上에서는 實科的 領域이 넓으며 外國의 技術的인 內容을 導入하여 指導되었으나 勤勞性과 生産性을 强調한 나머지 理論的인 敎育이 결여되어 다시 敎育令을 改正하여 技術, 家庭科로서 男學生들에게는 農, 工業的인 內容을 女學生에게는 家庭的 內容을 學習시켜왔다. 그러나 技術的 構造와 技術科 學科의 相互關係, 科學, 技術, 機能 등의 關聯的인 것이 完全하지 못하여 다시 敎育法을 改正하고 實業敎育 振興法을 公布하였으며 위의 여러 結?을 改善 補完하기 위하여 다시 이것을 법으로서 確固히 하였다. 그리고 교육시설이 잘 갖추어 져있고 實驗實習費의 不足이 없으며 機材類가 國産化되어 배운 技術이 그대로 活用할 수 있기에 就業率이 100% 이므로 韓國과는 對照的인 現象이다. 3) 덴마아크는 歷史的으로나 地理的條件이 不利함에도 꾸준한 忍耐心과 愛國心으로 産業을 育成시켜 왔다. 이들의 敎育制度는 다른나라와 다른 점이 많으며 특히 實科敎育에 있어서는 초등학교에서는 裁縫이나 木工등 경하게 다루고 있으나 中等敎育 以上에서는 폭넓게 重視하여 指導되고 있다. 또 國民學校에 附設된 實科學校가 있어서 이 學校 3年을 마치면 國家에서 施行하는 試驗을 치르고 合格하면 合格證이 附與되어 어느 곳에서나 일 할 수 있다. 그러나 國民高等學校가 많이 設立되어 學校長의 敎育觀에 따라 잘 運營되고 있으며 이것은 純全히 農民을 對象을 指導되고 있다. 中學校로서 學校를 마치게 되는 學生들에게는 반드시 實科學校에서 實科를 中心으로한 敎育을 받게 되어 있다. 특히 中等이나 大學科程외에 初等學校를 마친 學生들에게 成人敎育 課程으로 國民高等學校, 靑年學校 夜間學校, 農業學校등의 職業指導를 받을 수 있는 學校가 많아 이들의 學校들이 오늘날의 덴마아크를 復興되게 만들어 놓았다고 볼 수 있다.

문제제기

이완하 한국약제학회 1973 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.3 No.3

염산 Promazine 주사제의 안정화에 관한 연구

이완하,지웅길,양재헌 한국약제학회 1973 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.3 No.3

The stabilizing effect of promazine hydrochloride injectin was tested by irradiation of sun lamp(5,000 Lux) on their acid solution sealed in ampules under various stabilizers. The result of experimentation on the color change, the remaining proportion and the half life of promazine hydrochloride solution is as follows. 1. Instability of promazine hydrochloride solution is mainly caused by the sunlight and oxygen. 2. The pH range of promazine hydrochloride injection is recommended to pH 4.4∼5.2 3. The decomposition of promazine hydrochloride by the sunlight is composed of pseudo zero order reaction when it maintains colorless solution. 4. The half life of 0.5% promazine hydrochloride injection was 30 hrs. under sun lamp irradiation, but it was delayed to 84 hrs. by the simple stabilizer and to 175 hrs. by compound stabilizer. 5. The stabilizing effect of promazine hydrochloride injection adding sod. metabisulfite(Na₂S₂O_5) was must excellent in various simple stabilizers and adding Na₂S₂O_5 to nicotinic acid, Na₂S₂O_5 to nicotinamide were more excellent than other compound stabilizers.