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한국 환경정책의 발달동인: 정책의 창문은 어떻게 열렸는가?
이정전 ( Jeong Jeon Rhee ),정회성 ( Hoi Seong Jeong ) 한국환경정책평가연구원 2003 환경정책연구 Vol.2 No.1
This paper examines the dynamics of environmental policy development in Korea by reviewing some of the ways on how the policy windows have been opened. There are a lot of theoretical arguments about the major factors influencing policy development or changes. Many scholars have believed that severe pollution accidents or salient environmental episodes might have been the main motivation of environmental policy development. This line of argument seems valid, especially with the water pollution control policy in Korea. Water pollution control programs had rapidly expanded along with the series of water pollution accidents in the tap water sources from the late 1980s to mid-1990s. However, regarding other major env. issues, various other factors have played more important roles in the development of the relevant policies. In case of air pollution control policy international sport events such as, 1986 Asian Games, 1988 Summer Olympics, and 2002 World Cup Competition, have contributed for the development. The municipal solid waste management policy partly owed its development to the introduction of local autonomy system in the mid-1990s. Even the foreign currency crisis occurring in December 1997 helped the policy paradigm shift from rigid supply-oriented to soft demand-oriented approaches. After closely looking at the dynamics of environmental policy development in Korea, this paper tries to identify the logical background of the observed outcomes.
이정전(Jeong Jeon Rhee),김상우(Sang-woo Kim),마강래(Kang-rae Ma) 한국재정학회(구 한국재정·공공경제학회) 2001 재정논집 Vol.15 No.2
Whether to continue the Saemankum project or not has developed into a national hot controversy. The project, which aims at a large scale land reclamation, was temporarily halted in 1999 because of strong oppositions raised on the ground that it would cause serious water pollution and destroy huge natural seashore wet land. Responding to these oppositions, the Korean Government organized a committee which is supposed to evaluate the validity of the project. One of the duties of the committee is to comb through economic validity of the project. In fact, economic validity of the project was evaluated in 1988 already shortly before the project was actually carried out. At that time, however, the evaluation failed to take into account the social costs associated with the water pollution and the loss of natural wet land. It was widely claimed that theses social costs would make the project far from economic validity. After more than one year of evaluation, the committee failed to reach any conclusion on whether the Saemankuem project is economically valid or not, because opinions were sharply splitted among the economists who participated in the evaluation. The whole process of the economic evaluation was the one of heated debates among those economists. Most of the debate was concentrated on identification and quantification of the benefits of the project. One of the main purposes of this paper is to bring into relief the main points of the heated debates to provide the economist with teaching and research materials for cost-benefit analysis.