Salinomycin 飼料添加가 反芻動物 第一胃內 微生物과 그 活性에 미치는 影響에 關한 硏究

李學喆,李垠 영남대학교 자원문제연구소 1984 資源問題硏究 Vol.3 No.-

The present experiments were conducted to determine the effect of feeding salinomycin on rumen bacterial flora and protozoal fauna, on bacterial activity involving amylase and urease, on ruminal pH and volatile fatty acids. Eight Korean native goats averaging 19.3kg of body weight were randomly alloted to the diets supplmented with salinomycin at the level of 0 and 30 ppm. After 3 week adaptation period the animals were fed the experimental diet. Ruminal fluids were collected and examined just before feeding. and 4, 8 hours after feeding on days 0, 7, 14. 28 and 42. 1. The total number of ruminal protozoa was markedly decreased with salinomycia diet from the 7th to 14th day, although it was gradually increased after that, it was not recovered at the end of experiment. A significant difference (p<.05) among treatments could be noted in the total number of ruminal protozoa throughout the experimental period. 2. A total of 14 protofoal species were detected throughout the experimental period: 3 species in Isotrichidae, 11 species in Ophryoscolacidae. The number of protozoal species of salinomycin group was lower than that of control group and the number of Holotricha was increased in salinomycin group. 3. The total of ruminal bacteria tended to increase in salinomlrcin group but no significant difference (p>.05) was observed among treatments and the changes in distribution of bacterial type were similar among treatments. 4. The bacterial fluctuation pattern was varied with bacterial types and the total number of Gram-negative bacteria increased with salinomycin diet, while that of Gram-positive bacteria decreased.

S-88 : 당김실을 이용하여 장기간 유지한 식도 금속 스텐트

이학철,남승우,권혁춘,정주원,최종경,이근숙 대한내과학회 2013 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

서론: 기관지-식도 누공은 Histoacryl, 인공식도관 등과 함께 금속 스텐트 삽입이 내과적 치료로 이용될 수 있다. 그러나 막성 금속 스텐트의 경우, 시술 후 스텐트의 migration이 문제가 된다. 이를 예방하기 위하여 당김실(pulling thread)을 이용하여 효과적으로 장기간 스텐트를 유지한 증례를 경험하여 보고한다. 증례: 35세 남자가 식사 후 유발되는 심한 기침을 주소로 입원하였다. 그는 7개월 전 본원에서 발열, 체중감소, 흉부 작열감으로 내원하여 HIV 감염에 의한 후천성 면역결핍증및 중부 식도에 Cytomegalvirus 및 칸디다 유발 식도 궤양을 진단받고 항바이러스 치료 후에 증상이 호전되어 퇴원하였지만 3개월 후 식사 시의 기침으로 내원하여 상부내시경 검사로 문치부 하방 30 cm 중부식도에식도 관강의 절반을 차지하는 궤양 및 기관지-식도 누공이 발견되었다. 이때 흉부 CT에서 속립성 결핵과 종격동 림프절 종대 및 중심부 괴사가 관찰되었고 결핵은 다제 약제 내성을 보였다. 내시경 위루술 등 보존적 치료로 4개월 간 시도하였지만 기관지-식도 누공을 통한 음식물 기관지 흡인이 계속 관찰되어 소화기내과에 의뢰되었다. 추적 내시경에서 문치부 30 cm 중부식도 전벽에 점막의 요철상, 점막교가 관찰되고 기관지 누공이 관찰되었다. 누공을 막기 위하여 제거 가능한 막성 금속스텐트(8 cm)를 삽입하고자 했으나 스텐트 migration이 우려되었다. 이를 예방하려고 당김실을 스텐트 상부에 먼저 거치한 후 환자에게 스텐트 시술을 하였고 당김실은 ENBD 처리 방식으로 nelatone 카데타를 이용하여 우측 비강을 통해 우측 귀에 고정하였다. 시술 2주 후에 환자의 증상이 호전되어 퇴원하였다. 결론: 수술 위험도가 높은 전신 상태가 나쁜 환자에서 발생한 기관지-식도 누공을 내과적 치료에 호전되지 않는 경우에 식도 스텐트는 도움이 되었다. 특히 당김실을 이용한 스텐트 시술은 migration없이 3개월 이상 유지가 가능하였다.

家兎繼代牛疫毒의 變異에 關한 硏究

李學喆 慶北大學校 1958 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

Nakamura and his associates reported that the pathogenesis of rabbit-passaged Strain Ⅲ of the Nakamura lapinized rinderpest virus (hereinafter referred to as the "Strain Ⅲ") is fixed in rabbit and cattle. However, we found that a serial passage of this "Strain Ⅲ" and its p thogenesis become more virulent and almost all the rabbits that were infected with this "Strain Ⅲ" died in 1947. If we assume that the increase in its virulence is due to the variation of its pathogenesis by the more serial passage of this "Strain Ⅲ", it is an importanr problem in the preventaion of epidemics of Rinderpest virus in cattle. An attempt was made in our laboratory to investigate the variation of the "Strain Ⅲ" and the following conclusions were made. 1) The increase of death rate in rabbit is not due to a mixinfection of other pathogenic organisms nor symbiosis with other organisms but it has been proved that it is due to the variation of its pathogenesis. 2) The pathologic change and the necrotic process of the lymph follicular cells in infected rabbits seem to be different in this study from the one reported previously by others. Particularly the cause of sever hemorrhagic change in the mucosa of gastrointestinal tract is not clear and more study will be needed to clearly its pathogenesis. 3) The minial infectious dose of this "Strain Ⅲ" in rabbits is higher in this study than in previous studies. 4) The neutralizaing potency of the convalescent serum of infected rabbit is more lower in this study than in previous works. 5) The following results were obtained by an inoculation of this "Strain Ⅲ" to Korean calves. a) The minimal infectious dose for calves is much higher in this study than in previous studies. b) There were died case and recovered case in claves inoculate with this "Strain Ⅲ". This is similar in this study to the previous works. c) Some difference was noted in appearance of critical symptoms in this study. d) The entire course and incubation period of infected calves were shorted considerably in this study than in previous works. 6) The results of simultaneous inoculation with this "Strain Ⅲ" plus antirinder pest hyperimmune serum to Korean calves also indicated that the pathogenesis of this "Strain Ⅲ" becaome more virulent than in previous studies. 7) The successive passage of theis "Strain Ⅲ" through Korean calves showed the following results. a) In calves the pathogenesis become more virulent but at no time it acquired the virulence of Rinderpest virus. b) The death rate of infected calves is higher in this study than in previous studies. c) When the blood of infected calves were inoculated into rabbits, fever and necrosis of the lymph follicular cells were seen and this characteristics of this "Strain Ⅲ" was maintained unitl the last passage of this study. d) Minimal infectious dose of blood from infected calves was markedly low ans this is due to the difficulty in reproducation of this "Strain Ⅲ" in calves. 8) The simultaneous inoculation with this "Strain Ⅲ" plus antirinderpest hype rimmune serum which is used in Korea is safe for cattles but it is dangerous for calves. For this reason increased dose of immune serum must be used for calves.

荀子의 敎育思想의 硏究

李學澈 成均館大學校 1966 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

Hsun-tzu, a native of Chao in the later phase of Chou dynasty, is a profound thinker and energetic defender of Ju philosophy of Confucius. He is credited with thirty-three essays in twenty volumes of lasting fame. His academic enthusiasm in defense of Ju philosophy is ranked as equal as Meng-tzu. Being mindful of the general welfare of the people suffering from war and corruption, he placed particular emphasis on education in his writings in dealing with political and economic problems of the age. His educational thought is based on his view of Heaven and Human Nature. Hsun-tzu rejected the traditional view of Heaven and in its stead developed an empirical view on Heaven. He denies the theory that the Heaven works at its Will. According to him, there is constancy in Heaven that the rise of Yao and the fall of Kyoul (桀) should not be considered as events done by Heaven's Will. He advocates that men would be better equipped to know more about Heaven if men work hard to develop their capacities to the full extent. His view can be well summed up as humanistic. Inherent goodness of human nature as advocated by Meng-tzu was opposed by Hsun-tzu. Inherent evilness advocated by Hsun-tzu. According to him, the greatness of Yao and Shun were achieved by their efforts of developing the good instincts. Hsun-tsu's stress of this proper nurturing of human nature is the cardinal basis of his view on educational possibility of man. Though Meng-tzu or Ju scholars of Sung had different views on human nature, they and Hsun-tzu all share the common view that the educational goal of nurturing the good instincts was possible. Hsun-tzu's saying of the universal evilness of human nature and his claim that anybody can become a Yao or a Shun, however, are conflicting statement. It is the writer's view that this shortcoming is attributable to Hsun-tzu's overlook of the unique feature of individual talent and capacity. Of the educational aim and method, Hsun-tzu valued high the utility of Ju philosophy. He set forth four types of men; namely, the sage, the gentry, the noble and the commoner. To become a sage, the ideal and perfect man, is the final goal of educational endeavor, according to Hsun-tzu. He recommended a concentrated teaching on the classic books of Ju philosophy; i.e. Classic of Poetry, Classic of History, Record of Rites, Classic of Music and Ch'un Ch'iu (Spsing and Autumn.) Teaching of Rites and Music were particularly stressed by Hsun-tzu to learn the way of sage king. When learned the teachings of the sage, this must beput into practice and thus bringing forth the further learning, Hsun-tzu emphasized the doctrine of learning by doing. His contribution in this respect is worthy of review in light with what was advocated by Confucius or the dialogue method of Socrates, the author believes.

새롭게 개발된 음향 관련 제품

이학철,이승영 한국소음진동공학회 2011 소음 진동 Vol.21 No.5

孟子와 筍子의 性論과 敎育論에 대한 比較硏究

李學澈 성균관대학교 1969 成均館大學校 論文集 Vol.14 No.1

연구논문 포스터발표 : 칫솔 마모에 따른 치태제거능력에 관한 연구

이학철 대한치주과학회 2003 대한치주과학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2003 No.2

卵黃을 通해서 母鷄로부터 幼雛에 移行되는 血球凝集抑制抗體에 對하여

李學喆 慶北大學校 1967 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

뉴캣슬병 면역에 대한 검토 II. 접종경로를 달리하여 $B_1$ Strain을 응용한 면역효과 검토

이학철,정유열 한국가금학회 1981 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.8 No.2

본 연구는 오늘날 뉴캣슬병(ND) 예방접종 목적에 널러 쓰여지는 Adjuvant가 불활화예방약과 약독주 생독예방약(LV)의 두가지 중 특히 논의가 많은 LV의 접종경로에 따르는 면역효과를 밝혀. 그 결과를 일반에게 명확히 제시하여 본병방과에 도움을 주는 목적으로 시행하였다. 이 연구를 위해서 먼저 LV생산재료로 사용되는 $B_1$ 접종 발육계묘에서 얻은 장요막질액의 접종경로별 면역력가를 30일영추를 공시하여 측정한 후, 그 유효량을 사용하여 분무, 비강내적하 근육주사, 음수투여의 4가지 경로를 통해서 상기시험일때와 동일하게 30일추에 각각 접종, 접종경로별로 면역효과를 비교 검토하였다. 그리하여 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. $10^{8.5}$ EI $D_{50}$$m\ell$의 역가를 가진 $B_1$독주장요막강액재료의 10진희척 각단계액을 30일추에 대하여 업종경로별 각소정량을 분무, 비강내적하, 근육주사하였을 때 상기재료의 $10^{-2}$ 희척($10^{6.5}$ EI $D_{50}$$m\ell$) 응용은 만족한 면역성을 부여하였으나 $10^{-3}$희척($10^{5.5}$ EI $D_{50}$$m\ell$)에서는 만족스럽지 못하였으며 I $D_{50}$(-log)는 근육주사=2.8, 분묘>4.1, 비강내적하>4.2이었다. 2. $10^{-2}$ 희포장요막강($10^{6.5}$ EI $D_{50}$$m\ell$)의 접종경로별 각소정량을 30일령 공시추에 접종경로를 달리하여 접종하였을 때 10,000MLD/$m\ell$ ND 병독/$m\ell$의 근육내접종공격에 대한 내과율은 분무가 93.75%, 비강내적하가 95.3%, 근육내접종이 92.6%의 좋은 성적이었는데 반하여 식수투여는 47.18%로 극히 불량하고, 시험한 4가지 접종경로 중 가장 낮은 성적이었다. 낮은 성적이었다.은 성적이었다. The experiment was carried out to observe whether the route of administration of allantoic aminiotic fluid obtained from the chicken embryo infected with $B_1$ virus would affect the protectivity of brids against the challenge exposure of a virulent strain of ND virus. Four groups of birds of 30 days of age were immunized intranassally (0.1 $m\ell$), intramuscularly (1.0 $m\ell$), by spray administration (0.00015 $m\ell$/1㎤) or via drinking water(10.0 $m\ell$), with 1 in 100 dilution of th. fluid containing $B_1$ virus titre of 10$\^$8.5/ELD$\_$50/ per $m\ell$ and all the immunized birds, after 15 days of vaccination, were challenged intramuscularly with 1.0$m\ell$ of 10,000 MLD per $m\ell$ of a virulent ND virus. The results obtained are summerized as follows: 1. Good immunity was induced when 1 in 100 dilution of allantoaminiotic fluid with $B_1$ virus titre of 10$\^$8.5/ELD$\_$50/$m\ell$was applied to 30 day old chicks intramuscularly, intranasally and by spray application, but it was not the case when the allantomiotic fluid was diluted to 1 in 1,000. The ID$\_$50/ of birds immunized with 1 in 100 dilution of allantoaminiotic fluid by various routes of administration such as intramuscular Injection, spray application and intranasal instillation were 10$\^$2.8/>10$\^$4.l and/>10$\^$4.2/ 2. The high protectivity against the challenge exposure with a virulent Newcastle disease virus with 10,000 MLD/$m\ell$ were observed when the birds were immunized with a live vaccine of 10$\^$8.5/ ELD$\_$50/$m\ell$ by intramuscular injection, intranasal instillation or spray application, and the rates by different routes of application were 92.62%, 95.33% and 93.75%, respectively. On the contrary, no good immunity was induced in the groups of birds immunized via drinking water with the live vaccine, the rate of protection against the challenge exposure being 47.18%.

백혈병 마렉병을 중심으로 한 최근의 계병대책

이학철 대한양계협회 1972 월간 양계 Vol.4 No.9

1. 마렉 감염계는 환경을 오염한다. 3. 감염원인 병독은 오랫동안 생존한다. 3. 따라서 감염성계는 오염환경에서 직접, 간접 간염한다. 이 병의 감염경로는 아직 확정되어 있지 않으나 주로 기도감염일 것으로 인정되고 있다. 4. 본 병의 감염은 병독 보유계의 우모근이 각화하여 탈각하는 상피세포중에 함유되는 병원성 병독이 야기 한다는 것은 확정적이다. 또 이 방법이 마렉병 감염을 반복하는 유일의 원인으로 생각하고 있다. 5. 본 병의 개란전파에 대해서는 거의 없는 것으로 알고 있으나 Sevoian은 전달의 가능성이 있다고 한다. 6. 임파종증일때와 마찬가지로 저항성품종과 감염성품종을 선택 도태를 함으로써 만들어져 있다. 이들은 마렉병에 대하여 저항성품종은 5$\%$의 발병성을 나타내고 감염성 품종은 90$\%$의 발병성을 나타내고 있다.