광주국민정부의 북벌(北伐)과 장개석(蔣介石)의 대응

金泳信 중국학연구회 2011 중국학연구 Vol.- No.55

身爲黨國元老也是現任立法院長的胡漢民,被國民政府主席蔣介石拘留的所謂湯山事件,是可能引發全面內戰的重大政治事件.幸好南京中央與廣州爲中心的反蔣陣營間,沒有立卽發生激烈的衝突.考其原因,雙方都不願以强硬的手段解決事件,爲了以和平的方法解決事件,雙方不斷進行接觸.其間蔣介石爲拉籠廣東的實力派人物陳濟棠與陳銘樞,盡了最大的努力.其目的就是瓦解反蔣陣營可能的武力後屯.結果雖然失敗爭取陳濟棠,而成功的收買陳銘樞與十九路軍,是蔣介石能主導湯山事件後政局的關鍵所在. 南京與廣東兩個陣營都願意以和平的方法解決事件,然終於産生非常會議以及廣州國民政府,中華民國境內再次出現兩個政府互爭正統的局面.不但如此,廣州國民政府不顧正在進行中的剿匪軍事活動,動員兩廣軍隊進行北伐.這是中國政府和人民的不幸.廣州國民政府的北伐,是反蔣陣營內部主戰派和主和派妥協的結果.再次的內戰如火如荼進行的時候發生九一八事變,終熄內爭共赴國難的聲浪衝天,雙方終於進行所謂和平會議,爲建立新的統治重心交換意見,爲求抵禦外侮的有效方法共同努力.

消費者 不滿足 硏究를 위한 理念的 基礎

金映伸 충남대학교 자연과학연구소 1987 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.14 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to provide a future direction for Consumer Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction (CS/D) Research. For this purpose, concept-related issues, methodological issues and the conceptual models of CS/D are reviewed. The conclusion are as follows; 1. There are significant differences in the meaning given to three key concepts; expectation, disconfirmation, and satisfaction. 2. Little consensus on measurement issues is evident and a review of the related literatures in job, health, marital, and life satisfaction reflects some implications for CS/D. 3. Four alternative models to basic confirmation/disconfirmation have merit, but a new comprehensive model to incorporate the findings should be developed.

主婦의 契에 대한 行態

金映伸 충남대학교 자연과학연구소 1982 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.9 No.1

The purpose of this study is to investigate home managers' behaviors of MFA(Mutual Financing Association) in relation to home manager's age, education and socio-economic status. The sample consisted of 121 home managers living in Daejon in 1982. X^2 was used to analyzed to the data. The major findings were ; First, home managers would have relatively affirmative attitude to the MFA. Second, among the management behavior of MFA home managers should pay more attention to research, checking, and evaluating. The finding indicated that home manager's education, socio-economic status positively related to research and checking and that home manager's age was not significant variable in management behavior.

9·18사변 전후의 정국과 남경정부(南京政府)의 대응

金泳信 중국학연구회 2012 중국학연구 Vol.- No.61

1931年初, 蔣介石將現任立法院長胡漢民拘禁於南京近郊之湯山, 這就是所謂‘湯山事件’. 當時是剛過中原大戰的敏感時刻. 黨國元勳胡漢民之失去自由, 可引起另一個全面內戰. 胡漢民被拘禁後, 反蔣陣營到了四月底才開始採取進一步反中央行動. 而廣州國民政府動員兩廣軍隊開始‘北伐’是八月的事. 反蔣運動的進行這樣緩慢, 是以前反中央運動的歷史上從沒出現過的現象. 其原因是基本上南京與廣東雙方都不願以武力解決事件的關係. 其關鍵在蔣介石的政局運用方略上. 蔣介石將湯山事件後一連串的狀況, 看做是政治問題. 想用政治的方法解決問題. 所以他儘量用政治的手腕拉籠陳濟棠爲首的廣東軍事實力家. 在當時中國的狀況下, 政治運動的成功與否, 在是否有充分的軍事力量作後盾. 所以蔣介石用政治手段爭取廣東軍事實力家, 以主導湯山事件後的政局. 這點可以說, 蔣介石的現實認識與因應措置是正確的. 過了一段時間的政治對峙後, 廣州國民政府終於動員軍事力量來壓迫蔣介石. 中國面臨再一次內戰的當時, 是內憂外患交叉的關鍵時期. 在外萬寶山事件後朝鮮的排華情緖一路高漲, 在內因長江大水災發生空前的豪災. 洽巧這時候發生9ㆍ18事變, 南京與廣東雙方不得不停止內戰探索和平之路. 湯山事件後蔣介石的政局運用方式, 以9.18事變爲界線, 前後有明顯的變化. 在事變發生以前, 蔣介石用收買和離間等慣用的謀略, 向有利的方向充分主導政局. 但事變發生後他不能不注意朝野之和平要求. 所以蔣介石爲圓滿解決反中央運動, 不得不採取讓步. 從這點了解到看情況强溫兼施, 是蔣介石運用政略的基本方針.

「동산ㆍ채권 등의 담보에 관한 법률」의 쟁점에 관한 검토

金永信(Kim, Young-Shin) 조선대학교 법학연구원 2010 法學論叢 Vol.17 No.3

종래에 민법에 규정된 동산담보권인 질권이 담보로서의 수요를 충족시키지 못하여 민법이 규정하지 않은 양도담보 등 비전형담보가 이용되어 왔다. 그런데 양도담보는 판례법리에 의하여 인정되는 담보권으로 그 성질이 담보권인지 소유권인지 불분명한 것을 비롯하여 법적안정성의 측면에서 많은 문제가 있어 은행 등 금융기관들은 이를 이용하지 않았다. 결국 현행 법제 하에서 동산에 관한 담보권은 거의 이용되지 않고 있다. 이러한 문제점에 관한 인식을 바탕으로 제정된 「동산ㆍ채권 등의 담보에 관한 법률」에서는 동산, 채권, 지적재산권 등을 담보목적물로 제공하여 신용을 마련할 수 있는 길을 마련하여 이러한 요구에 부응함을 목적으로 한다. 이 법에서는 동산, 채권 등에 관한 담보권의 공시방법으로 등기를 채택한 것이 가장 큰 특징이다. 등기부는 인적 편제방식에 의하여 작성하고 법원등기소에서 관장한다. 이러한 담보권을 이용할 수 있는 것은 법인 및 상호등기를 한 자에 한하여 가능하다. 새로운 담보권은 기존 담보권에 대하여 우선적 효력을 가지지 않고 병존하도록 한다. 담보권의 효력과 관련하여 대체로 기존의 질권 혹은 저당권과 유사하게 규정하였으나, 물상대위가 인정되는 범위, 사적실행의 허용 등 기존 담보권에 비하여 크게 달라진 내용도 몇몇 있다. 이 법 제정과정에서 제기된 우려에도 불구하고 거래계에서 새로운 담보권이 많이 이용될 것인지 법 시행 이후의 경과가 주목된다. Security right on Movables, especially pledge on movables, have been very inconvenient for debtor to run a business, who has borrowed money with creation of security rights on ones movables. In order to overcome such an inconvenience, it has been proposed that security right on moveables should be registered. Finally 「Security Right on Personal Property Act」 has been enacted in Korea very much influenced by UCC, UNCITRAL Recommendations etc.

唐代의 郊祀制度 : 제도의 확립과 쇠퇴를 중심으로

金渶信(Kim Hanshin) 중국고중세사학회 2004 중국고중세사연구 Vol.11 No.-

The Suburban Sacrifice was a typically Confucian ritual that embodied the ancient Chinese reverence for Heaven. The Confucian Heaven as defined by Dong Zhongxu(董仲敍) had intellectual faculties, and its rational intention was to punish and instruct human beings. This Confucian cosmology, on which the Suburban Sacrifice was based, was founded in the Han dynasty, and continued to prevail among the intellectuals during the early Tang period. For example, not only the dispute raged over the main deity of Suburban Sacrifice but also Wuzetian's preference for Mingtang(明堂) or 'Hall of Light' were founded on the cosmology. However during the Tianbao(天寶) era(742~756), many elements of Taoism were introduced to the state rituals, and so the Suburban Sacrifice became an ambivalent ritual that possessed both Confucian and Taoist properties. The turning point was An Lushan(安祿山)'s rebellion, which divided the Tang era between its earlier and later periods. From then on, obvious changes were observed in the Suburban Sacrifice. First, more serious consideration was given to the sacrifice rituals to the Ancestral Temple (宗廟) than the Suburban Sacrifice, which required large numbers of people and was very difficult to perform, especially under the economic and political hardships of the day. Moreover, the reconstruction of the Ancestral Temple was thought to be more urgent, and so according to Jiu Tangshu(舊唐書) the amount spent on the Suburban Sacrifice decreased, while that spent on the Ancestral Temple increased considerably. Second, after the rebellion, the intellectuals began to challenge the Confucian cosmology. Tu yu(杜佑), the author of Tong Dian (通典), criticized the ideal polity throughout the Confucian rites as unworkable. He also cautioned the intellectuals about the excessive emphasis on the cosmology. In the early ninth century, radical intellectuals such as Han Yu(韓愈) and Liu Zongyuan(柳宗元) issued further challenges in their personal essays. Liu Zongyuan particularly expressed his aversion to the superstitious and supernatural phenomena in his book, Fei Guoyo(非國語). Little by little, such criticism of the Confucian cosmology undermined the theoretical foundation of the Suburban Sacrifice. Once the Confucian cosmology lost its mystic and authority, the Suburban Sacrifice lost all its earlier importance and became merely a convention. Therefore, the intellectuals of the later Tang period began to grope around for a new divine nature of the Emperor from other religions instead.

靑年黨과 國民黨 - 그 合作과 衝突의 歷史

金泳信 중국학연구회 2002 中國學硏究 Vol.22 No.-

蔣介石의‘원동연맹’결성 구상과 좌절

金泳信(Kim, Youngsin) 한국외국어대학교 역사문화연구소 2019 역사문화연구 Vol.69 No.-

In 1949 when the situation of Chinese Civil War was extremely deteriorated, Chiang Kai-shek stepped down from his post of president for the third time. After this, Chiang Kai-shek became free from political responsibility; however, his stepping down was not a means to avoid his responsibilities. Measures he took in the financial, political and military sectors before he resigned show that he would not give up his struggle with the Communist Party and that he did not abandon his hopes for victory in Chinese Civil War. Although Chiang Kai-shek resigned, he retained the position of the head of the Nationalist Party and sought to find diplomatic ways as the leader of revolution. He appealed to all Asian countries to confront the communist forces, and tried to embody this through the establishment of the‘Far Eastern Union.’He believed that strengthening regional anti-communist organizations was the most urgent and sure way of maintaining world order. It was the idea and role of Chiang Kai-shek to form a union for common interests while traveling to various countries in order to avoid immediate threats under the special international circumstances and environments in the early Cold War era. However, it was not possible to form a union led by relatively weak countries, in the situation where the initiative of group formation and collective defense was in the hands of a powerful hegemonic country. Nevertheless, Chiang Kai-shek s efforts for the organization of the‘Far Eastern Union’can be considered as example of seeking a developmental direction of an Asian new order in the early Cold War era, in which his keen insight was reflected.

‘湯山事件’ 후의 정국과 ‘反蔣派’의 動態

김영신(金泳信) 중국학연구회 2010 중국학연구 Vol.- No.53

슈크로스 處理가 茶나무 凍·霜害 被害 輕減에 미치는 影響

金正云(J. W. Kim),申吉浩(G. H. Shin),金永信(Y. S. Kim),崔炯局(H. K. Choi) 한국차학회 1996 한국차학회지 Vol.2 No.1

Effect of sucrose and some chemicals on the reduction of frost damage was examined in tea plant. Percentage of frost damage on foliar application of sucrose decreased by 1.8% in the first crop of green leaf, therefore, yield increased by 13%. degree of frost damage was severer at the open bud than at leaf and in the treatment of low temperature than in the duration of cold treatment. Reduction of frost damage on time of folia application of sucrose was more effective at the treatment, march 20 than April 5.