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쥐 간 세포의 Aldehyde oxidase , Xanthine oxidase 의 활성분포와 이들 효소에 미치는 인삼 사포닌 분획의 영향
현학철,주충노 ( Hak Chul Hyun,Chung No Joo ) 생화학분자생물학회 1986 BMB Reports Vol.19 No.4
The distribution of aldehyde oxidase (ALO) and xanthine oxidase (XO) in rat liver was investigated and effect of saponin fraction of panax ginseng (C.A. Meyer) roots .on the above enzymes was examined. Both ALO and XO were present exclusively in the cytosol fraction and a little ALO activity was detected in mitochondria and microsomal fraction, but no XO activity was detected either in mitochondria or in microsomal fraction. Both ALO and XO were stimulated in the presence of ginseng saponin fraction (10^(-7)-10^(-3)%) and they showed their maximum activities at the saponin concentration of 10^(-5)%. This is in good agreement with the previous results obtained with other enzymes in this laboratory that moderate amounts of ginseng saponin stimulates most enzymes nonspecifically.
현학철,주충노,Hyun, Hak-Chul,Joo, Chung-No 생화학분자생물학회 1986 한국생화학회지 Vol.19 No.4
쥐 간의 aldehyde oxidase (ALO)와 xanthine oxidase (XO)의 활성 분포와 이 효소들에 미치는 인삼사포닌 분획의 영향을 조사하였다. ALO나 XO, 다같이 주로 시토졸 분획에 존재하였으며 ALO의 경우에는 미토콘드리아와 미크로좀분획에서도 약간의 활성이 관찰되었으나, XO 활성은 마토콘드리아나 미크로좀에서 전혀 관찰되지 않았다. ALO, XO 다같이 적당량 ($10^{-7}-10^{-3}%$)의 인삼 사포닌 존재하에서 활성화되었으며, 인삼 사포닌의 농도가 $10^{-5}%$일때 ALO나 XO 모두 최대활성을 나타내었다. 이것은 본 연구실에서 관찰한 적당량의 인삼 사포닌이 대부분의 효소를 비특이적으로 활성화한다는 실험결과와 잘 일치한다. The distribution of aldehyde oxidase (ALO) and xanthine oxidase (XO) in rat liver was investigated and effect of saponin fraction of panax ginseng (C.A. Meyer) roots on the above enzymes was examined. Both ALO and XO were present exclusively in the cytosol fraction and a little ALO activity was detected in mitochondria and microsomal fraction, but no XO activity was detected either in mitochondria or in microsomal fraction. Both ALO and XO were stimulated in the presence of ginseng saponin fraction ($10^{-7}-10^{-3}%$) and they showed their maximum activities at the saponin concentration of $10^{-5}%$. This is in good agreement with the previous results obtained with other enzymes in this laboratory that moderate amounts of ginseng saponin stimulates most enzymes nonspecifically.
Biological Activity of Flavor Components Extracted from Elsholtzia ciliata and Elsholtzia splendens
정재훈,손현옥,신한재,현학철,이동욱,임흥빈,Jeong Jae-Hoon,Sohn Hyung-Ok,Shin Han-Jae,Hyun Hak-Chul,Lee Dong-Wook,Lim Heung-Bin The Korean Society of Tobacco Science 2005 한국연초학회지 Vol.27 No.1
This study was to evaluate the biological activity of flavor components extracted from E. ciliata and E. splendens in order to survey the possibility applicable to tobacco and food industry. Flavor components were extracted with dividing into three parts; essential oil, absolute, oleoresin. In the nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation system, the inhibition rate($\%$) of essential oil were $67.3\;\pm\;20.7\%,\;58.1\;\pm\;19.3\%$ at the concentration of 50 ${\mu}g/mL$ of E. ciliata and E. splendens, respectively. The inhibition rate($\%$) of the oleoresin in E. ciliata was higher than one in E. splendens. In the enzymatic lipid peroxidation system, the inhibition rate($\%$) of essential oil and oleoresin was$14.28\;\pm\;2.38\%,\;and\;65.93\;\pm\;0.01\%,\;and\;was\;22.58\;\pm\;2.84\%\;and\;40.73\;pm\;6.04\%$. The oleoresin of two species were showed above $90\%$ of the inhibition rate($90\%$) against autooxidative lipid peroxidation system. $EC_{50}$ values in neutral red uptake assays 24 h of exposure times were $23.3\;{\mu}g/mL,\;341.0\;{\mu}g/mL\;and\;17.2\;{\mu}g/mL$ in essential oil, absolute and oleoresin from E. ciliata respectively, and were $46.4\;{\mu}g/mL,\;681.7\;{\mu}g/mL\;17.6\;{\mu}g/mL$ in three extractions of E. splendens. Oleoresin of two species showed high rate in the cytotoxic effect by neutral red uptake assay. Absolute and oleoresin did not show antibiotic and mutagenic activity. On the contrary, essential oil with over 500 ug/plate showed antibiotic and mutagenic activity in Ames test. Essential oil and oleoresin have a prolongating effect the ciliostasis of rat trachea. This results indicate that flavor components extracted from E. ciliata and E. splendens can be considered to be toxicological safe and to be the possibility applicable the cigarette, food and drug industry as a flavor for expectoration.
신한재,손형옥,이영구,이동욱,현학철 한국연초학회 2003 한국연초학회지 Vol.25 No.2
Although tobacco smoke has been known to have genotoxicity as well as cytotoxicity, the sensitivity of the cell lines used against cigarette smoke is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the genotoxicity of several cell lines, which are routinely used in the in vitro assays, with cigarette smoke condensate(CSC) of Kentucky Reference Cigarette 1R4F. In the micronucleus(MN) induction assays, murine(CHO-K1, V79, BALB/c 3T3) cell lines and human(MCF-7, A549) ones were used. As a result, the CSC exhibited cytotoxicity with a concentration-dependent response in all cell lines. EC$_{50}$ of CSC in CHO-K1, V79, BALB/c 3T3, MCF-7 and A549 were 140, 125, 100, 116 and 109 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL, respectively. On the other hand, the spontaneous micronucleated cell(MNC) frequency was stable and reproducible in every cell lines tested in this study. The dose-response of various cell lines to the induction of MN by CSC was estimated using linear regression analysis. CSC(0~100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL) caused a dose-dependent MN induction in CHO-K1, V79, BALB/c 3T3 and MCF-7 cell lines. Putting together all the data obtained and linear regression analysis of the data, we concluded that V79 cells are more susceptible to the accurate assessment of CSC-induced MN than the others.s.