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하주완,박경순,김환용,송영학 대한건축학회 2018 Architectural research Vol.20 No.3
With the change in Earth’s ecosystems due to climate change, a number of studies on zero energy buildings have been conducted globally, due to the depletion of energy and resources. However, most studies have concentrated on residential and office buildings and the performance predictions were made only in the design phase. This study verifies the zero-energy performance in the operational phase by acquiring and analyzing data after the completion of an exhibition building. This building was a retention building, in which a renewable energy system using a passive house building envelope, solar photovoltaic power generation panels, as well as fuel cells were adopted to minimize the maintenance cost for future energy-zero operations. In addition, the energy performance of the building was predicted through prior simulations, and this was compared with actual measured values to evaluate the energy performance of the actual operational records quantitatively. The energy independence rate during the measurement period of the target building was 123% and the carbon reduction due to the energy production on the site was 408.07 tons. The carbon reduction exceeded the carbon emission (331.5 tons), which verified the carbon zero and zero-energy performances.
건물의 냉각탑 제어 변경에 따른 연간 냉방 에너지 사용량 절감에 관한 연구
하주완,박경순,김환용,송영학 한국건축친환경설비학회 2019 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집 Vol.13 No.6
The purpose of this study is to find out the efficiency improvement of the cooling system and cut-off of cooling energy consumption by changing the design method of the cooling tower system applied in Korea. The quantitative analysis was carried out on the cooling energy consumption saved by changing the Korea Standard design temperature of cooling tower system through EnergyPlus simulation. As a result of the simulation, when the condenser water temperature difference from the existing cooling tower design standard is 5K to 7K, the annual cooling energy consumption is reduced by 27,084 kWh, approximately 7.6%. Also, additionally, when the condenser water leaving temperature form the existing cooling tower design standard is 32°C to 23.9°C according to ASHRAE 90.1, the annual cooling energy consumption was reduced by 59.419 kWh, and approximately 16.7%.
지역별 기상조건을 고려한 저온 냉각수 온도 및 제조 시간 파악에 관한 연구
하주완(Ha, Ju-Wan),김유진(Kim, Yu-Jin),김환용(Kim, Hwan-Yong),송영학(Song, Young-Hak) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2020 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집 Vol.14 No.3
Generally, cooling towers are operated at the nominal value by fixing the condenser water temperature to 32℃. However, it is expected that based on outdoor air, condenser water can be produced at temperatures lower than the nominal value excluding daytime hours in the summer season. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of a refrigeration cycle, the chiller COP increases if the inlet temperature of the condenser is lower. Accordingly, in this study, total amount of time when low-temperature condenser water could be produced, thereby imparting an improvement on the chiller, and assess the condenser water temperature during that time are examined. For calculation, EnergpyPlus v.9.3 was used and the typical meteorological data for Busan, Seoul, Chuncheon, and Daegwallyeong, representing a total of 4 climate zones were applied. In addition, in order to produce low-temperature condenser water, a two-speed control cooling fan and a variable flow-rate pump were adapted. From the result of the simulation, 24 to 27℃ condenser water for 77% the cooling system operating time in Busan, and 94% of the cooling system operating time in Seoul was produced, and 21 to 24℃ condenser water for 55% of the cooling system operating time in Chuncheon and, 82% of the cooling season operating time in Daegwallyeong was produced. Additionally, during the intermediate season, 24 to 27℃ condenser water for 99% of the cooling system operation time in Busan and Seoul was produced, and 21 to 24℃ condenser water for 99% and 98% of the cooling system operation time in Chuncheon and Daegwallyeong was produced respectively.
실측 및 모델베이스 계산을 통한 계사의 온열환경파악 및 THI 예측식 개발
하주완(Ha, Ju-Wan),장홍희(Chang, Hong-Hee),차광준(Cha, Kwang-Jun),송영학(Song, Young-Hak) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2020 건축환경설비 Vol.14 No.2
The heat waves cause heat stress to livestock thereby degrading productivity and increasing the mortality rate. Thus, this study aims to identify the thermal environment of hen house through on-site measurements and depending on ventilation type to increase the efficiency of management of the laying house during severely hot weather by deriving a Temperature and Humidity Index (THI Index) prediction equation from the viewpoint of productivity. To do this, this study comparatively analyzed the exposure risk level to the heat stress of layers according to the ventilation method in the hen house using the THI, which was an index to quantitatively evaluate heat stress, for 26 summer days. In addition, the laying house in this study were modeled through simulations. The simulation results exhibited the highest reliability values under 25°C inside the cage and an 85.7% fan operating rate in the case of the cross ventilation method, which had 0.46 of mean bias error (MBE) and 10.58 coefficient of variation of the root mean square error (CVRMSE), while the tunnel ventilation method had 1.14 MBE and an 8.64 CVRMSE with temperature values under 27°C inside the cage, and a 100% fan operating rate. Since the above conditions were found for a simulated target building, the calculated values were utilized to derive the prediction equation. The regression analysis results showed that the coefficients of determination, which displayed the reliability of the correlation between THI and the outdoor air temperature and between THI and enthalpy, which were 0.9328 and 0.5149 respectively in the case of the cross ventilation method and 0.9551 and 0.6044 respectively in the case of the tunnel ventilation method.
실측 및 모델베이스 계산을 통한 계사의 온열환경파악 및 THI 예측식 개발
하주완(Ha, Ju-Wan),장홍희(Chang, Hong-Hee),차광준(Cha, Kwang-Jun),송영학(Song, Young-Hak) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2020 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집 Vol.14 No.2
The heat waves cause heat stress to livestock thereby degrading productivity and increasing the mortality rate. Thus, this study aims to identify the thermal environment of hen house through on-site measurements and depending on ventilation type to increase the efficiency of management of the laying house during severely hot weather by deriving a Temperature and Humidity Index (THI Index) prediction equation from the viewpoint of productivity. To do this, this study comparatively analyzed the exposure risk level to the heat stress of layers according to the ventilation method in the hen house using the THI, which was an index to quantitatively evaluate heat stress, for 26 summer days. In addition, the laying house in this study were modeled through simulations. The simulation results exhibited the highest reliability values under 25°C inside the cage and an 85.7% fan operating rate in the case of the cross ventilation method, which had 0.46 of mean bias error (MBE) and 10.58 coefficient of variation of the root mean square error (CVRMSE), while the tunnel ventilation method had 1.14 MBE and an 8.64 CVRMSE with temperature values under 27°C inside the cage, and a 100% fan operating rate. Since the above conditions were found for a simulated target building, the calculated values were utilized to derive the prediction equation. The regression analysis results showed that the coefficients of determination, which displayed the reliability of the correlation between THI and the outdoor air temperature and between THI and enthalpy, which were 0.9328 and 0.5149 respectively in the case of the cross ventilation method and 0.9551 and 0.6044 respectively in the case of the tunnel ventilation method.
하주완(Ha, Ju-Wan),김유진(Kim, Yu-Jin),김환용(Kim, Hwan-Yong),송영학(Song, Young-Hak) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2021 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집 Vol.15 No.5
The chiller efficiency is an important factor for improving the efficiency of the central chilled water system. A low-condenser water temperature is required for the low cooling tower leaving water temperature, which affects the chiller efficiency. Various studies have been conducted to produce low-condenser water temperature, but an additional review is needed on a method to lower the approach temperature. This study developed a control algorithm for cooling tower low-approach temperature. The approach temperature changes within the same load, ambient conditions according to the liquid-to-gas ratio (LGR), which is the operating condition of the cooling tower system. It found that the lower the LGR, the lower the approach temperature could be secured. As the approach temperature is lowered, it is expected that the efficiency of the chiller and cooling water pump will be improved.
BEMS 데이터를 활용한 도서관 건물의 운전현황 분석 -준공 초기단계의 건물 에너지 성능 평가-
박성철,하주완,김환용,송영학 한국건축친환경설비학회 2018 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집 Vol.12 No.6
Energy consumption savings in buildings should be reviewed in diverse areas such as air conditioning system and lighting responsible for cooling and heating, and energy management systems such as BAS (Building Automation System) and BEMS (Building Energy Management System) are introduced to improve energy consumption efficiency and to promote economic control of related facilities by integrated management of energy generated and consumption in buildings. The measured building of this study uses regenerative geothermal system. Measured values of heat pump and system COP were 4.7 and 4.2 respectively, and they were found to be higher 11.9% and 23.5% than rated values. As a result of analyzing the air conditioning and lighting energy from the first floor to the fourth floor performing the air conditioning, the second and third floors, which have a high frequency of use, are compared with the first and fourth floors 50% higher energy consumption ratio. On the other hand, the general heat storage system uses the nighttime power of the previous day to store heat and use it the next day. The total number of days of abnormal operation during the summer season is 61 days. The electricity cost corresponding to the abnormal operation is 1,840,641 KRW, and the normal operation using the nighttime power is 1,363,561 KRW, which is difference of 477,080 KRW, 35% increase in cost. We will utilize it as the main data of BEMS through analysis of winter operation characteristics as well as summer operation characteristics.