當歸飮子加蟾수가 皮膚癌細胞(A431)의 細胞毒性에 미치는 影響

최정화,Choi, Jeong-Hwa 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 1996 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.9 No.1

The purpose of this research was to investigate effect of water extract of DangKwi-Eum-Ja ka Sumsoo(DESE) on the cytotoxicity of human epidemloid cell, A431 cells. The effects of DESE on the proliferation of A431 cells, Balb/c 3T3 cells, mouse thymocytes and splenocnes were estimated by MTT colorimetric assay, and nitric oxide production from mouse peritoneal macrophage was estimated by Griess method. DESE inhibited the proliferation of A431 cells at $10{\mu}g/ml$, and did not affect the proliferation of Balb/c 3T3 cells. DESE decreased the cytotoxicity of mitomycin C or cisplatin on A431 cells, increased the cytotoxicity of mitomycin C or cisplatin on Balb/c 3T3 cells. DESE inhibited the proliferation of mouse thymocytes and splenocytes at $100{\mu}g/ml$. DESE did not affect the nitric oxide production from mouse peritoneal macrophage in vitro, but decreased the nitric oxide production from DESE-treated mouse peritoneal macrophage.

임플란트 매식조건에 따른 상, 하악골의 응력분포 양상에 대한 3차원 유한요소분석 연구

최정화,서기열,최주호,한중석,Choi, Jeong-Hwa,Seo, Ki-Youl,Choi, Joo-Ho,Han, Jung-Suk 대한치과보철학회 1999 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.37 No.5

A finite element analysis has been utilized to analyze stress and strain fields and design a new configuration in orthopedics and implant dentistry. Load transfer and stress analysis at implant bone interface are important factors from treatment planning to long term success. Bone configuration and quality are different according te anatomy of expecting implantation site. The purpose of this study was to compare the stress distribution in maxilla and mandible accord-ing to implant length and bone engagement types. A three dimensional axi-symmetric implant model(Nobel Biocare, Gothenburg, Sweden) with surrounding cortical and cancellous bone were designed to analyze the effects of bone engagement and implant length on stress distribution. ANSYS 5.5 finite element program was utilized as an interpreting toot. Three cases of unicortical anchorage model with 7, 10, 13 mm length and four cases of bicortical anchorage model with 5, 7, 10 and 13 mm length were compared both maxillary and mandibular single implant situation. Within the limits of study, following conclusions were drawn. 1. There is a difference in stress distribution according to cortical and cancellous bone thickness and shape. 2. Maximum stress was shown at the top of cortical bone area regardless of bone engagement types. 3. Bicortical engagement showed less stress accumulation when compared to unicortical case overall. 4. Longer the implant future length, less the stress on cortical bone area, however there is no difference in mandibular bicortical engagement case.

화공안전분야 : 입도에 따른 셀룰로오스 단열재의 연소특성에 관한 연구

최정화,김홍 ( Jeong Hwa Choi,Hong Kim ) 한국안전학회(구-한국산업안전학회) 1996 `96 추계학술연구발표회 Vol.- No.-

대학생들의 정신건강과 인성교육을 위한 `건강생성론`과 그 적용 -안토노브스키의 `통합력(Sense of Coherence)`을 중심으로-

최정화 ( Choi Jeong-hwa ) 한국윤리교육학회 2017 윤리교육연구 Vol.0 No.44

대학생들의 정신건강과 인성교육을 위한 이론적 근거를 찾으며 본고에서는 아론안토노브스키가 창안한 `건강생성론(Salutogenesis)`에 주목한다. 건강생성론은 심신 건강에 관한 새로운 패러다임을 제시하여 건강을 증진시키는 요소에 대하여 관심을 기울인다. 대학생들이 받는 스트레스 상황과 인생 문제와 관련하여 일반적 내성자원과 강한 `통합력(Sense of Coherence)`을 가지고 문제를 해결할 수 있다. 통합력은 이해력, 관리력, 의미부여의 세 가지 측면으로 이루어진다. 강한 통합력을 지닌 사람은, 약한 통합력과 고착화된 통합력을 가진 사람들에 비해서 자신이 가진 다양한 내성자원을 사용하여 당면한 문제를 자율적으로 해결한다. 대학생들은 스트레스 직면 상황에서 빈곤한 내성자원에 대하여 불안감을 느끼고, 그들이 처한 다양한 현실에 대해서 효율적으로 대처하지 못하는 느낌을 가진다. 강한 통합력을 가진 사람은 문제를 해결한 후 긍정적인 피드백을 받고 그로 인해서 강인한 존재감과 자신감을 가지게 되고 차후의 문제에 직면하여 더 잘 해결하게 되는 선순환을 경험한다. 대학생들의 인성과 정신건강을 위하여 다양하고 구체적인 일반적 내성자원을 기르고 스트레스, 그리고 보다 큰 인생의 문제에 대하여 능동적으로 대처할 것이 권장된다. 교육자와의 긍정적 피드백 과정을 거치며 대학생들은 당면한 문제점을 직시하고 각자가 지닌 건강을 증진하는 요소와 강점들을 발견하게 된다. In order to develop a theoretical basis for the development of mental health and moral education of college students this article explores Aaron Antonovsky`s concept of `Sense of Coherence (SoC).` Antonovsky`s salutogenetic approach offers a new paradigm of mental and physical health inasmuch as it is focused on the various elements that are at play in the maintenance of a healthy state of being. The stress and manifold challenges which college students are confronted with in their lives can be overcome by means of what Antonovsky termed `Generalized Resistance Resources (GRR)` and a strong `Sense of Coherence.` The `Sense of Coherence` consists of three elements, which are 1) comprehensibility, 2) manageability and 3) meaningfulness. Having a strong SoC is shown to enable a person to use and apply his or her Generalized Resistance Resources (GRR) much more efficiently compared with persons possessing only a weak or damaged SoC. College students in stressful situations generally feel more anxious as they have fewer GRR and therefore often feel that they are more or less incapable of solving the problems that manifest themselves in these stressful situations. But those with a strong SoC can build up a stable personal identity and self-esteem through positive feedback, which is why in the next challenging situation they have to face they are better equipped with the power to overcome it and can make the experience of entering into a health-bolstering upward spiral. This article`s intention is to provide college students with advice on how to acquire various and concrete GRR and how to promote their personality development and mental health in order to overcome the ever tightening grip of stress and to become able to solve greater life challenges autonomously. Thus the students themselves will find health-maintaining - that is `salutogenetic` - life elements and personal strength in the actual process of solving problems.

`깨달음`과 `구원(Heil)`의 길: 루돌프 오토의 박티 종교 이해

최정화 ( Choi Jeong Hwa ) 아시아문화학술원 2017 인문사회 21 Vol.8 No.3

독일의 종교학자 루돌프 오토는 저서 『성스러움(Das Heilige)』(1917)에서 주장한 종교 경험의 독특한 범주로서의 `성스러움`의 보편성, 그리고 종교사 평행론을 입증하려는 학문적 여정을 시작하였다. 힌두교의 비슈누이즘에서 그리스도교의 종교성과 유사한 신(神)에 대한 헌신과 숭배 전통을 `발견`하고, 중세 인도의 철학자 라마누자(Ramanuja)의 사상을 통하여 인도의 박티(Bhakti) 전통과 조우하게 되었다. 철학적 사유자로서의 라마누자는 샹카라의 불이원론 철학의 맥락 속에서 브라흐만과 자아가 일치하는 `깨달음`이라는 전통을 계승한다. 하지만 종교적인 측면에서는 세상과 모든 존재를 창조한 `신(isvara)`과 그 신의 창조물로서 세계의 실재성을 강조한다. 창조물로서의 인간은 신을 숭배하고 헌신하며 사랑함으로써 구원에 이른다. 오토는 라마누자로 대표되는 박티 전통의 `종교성`에서 그리스도교와의 유사성을 발견한다. 비서구 종교전통의 현상적 `다름` 너머의 종교적 본질의 유사성에 주목한 오토의 비교종교철학은 종교사 발전의 유사성에 대한 통찰로 이어진다. 인간의 마음 근저에 있는 선험적 종교성의 보편적 내재를 전제로 한 종교사 평행론은 인류의 종교사를 이해하는 큰 그림을 제공함과 동시에 `다름` 속에서 `유사성`을 찾으려는 서구 근대성의 한계를 보여주기도 한다. The philosopher of religion Rudolf Otto was the first and foremost scholarly representative of an understanding of religion which emphasized the universal validity of `the Holy` as the characteristic category of religious experience, which he expounded in his world-famous The Idea of the Holy(Das Heilige) in 1917. Otto dedicated part of his research to the comparative erudition of the religiosity and the devotion to as well as the worshipping of an in many ways similar `god` in Hindu Vaishnavism and Christianity. Thus he came to encounter Indian Bhakti religiosity through the medieval Indian philosopher and saint-to-be Ramanuja. As a matter of fact, in a way this religious philosopher maintained the idea of `enlightenment` being found in the final union of Brahman and the human self as found in Sankara`s strand of Advaita Vedanta philosophy. However, on the religious side, he emphasized the reality of both the Lord(isvara) as divine creator and this world he created, including all the manifold things that exist in it. It is such that Ramanuja complemented philosophical reasoning with an understanding of `enlightenment` being accessible by way of man`s religious devotion and love for the supreme god. Rudolf Otto attempted to discern the similarities between just this `religiousness` of the Bhakti movement as represented by Ramanuja and Christian theology. Otto`s philosophy of religion, which was grounded on the notion of essential religious similarity beyond the apparent `otherness` of non-western religious traditions, has been put forward as an endeavor to discover the similarities and likenesses of historical developments in different contexts. The paradigm of parallelism in the history of religion, which is built on the premise of the universality of a religious inclination of the human mind and heart, can offer a big picture to the understanding of the religious history of mankind and at the same time point to the limits of the Western modernity`s search for `similarities.`

병원 간호사가 지각하는 환자안전문화와 안전간호활동과의 관계

최정화(Choi, Jeong-Hwa),이경미(Lee, Kyung-Mi),이미애(Lee, Mi-Aie) 기본간호학회 2010 기본간호학회지 Vol.17 No.1

임상간호사의 억압된 분노, 용서 및 삶의 질 간의 관계

최정화 ( Jeong Hwa Choi ),태영숙 ( Young Sook Tae ),허제은 ( Je Eun Heo ),김영숙 ( Young Suk Kim ) 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 2016 동서간호학연구지 Vol.22 No.1

Purpose: The study was to identify relationships among the Anger-in, Forgiveness, and Quality of Life in Clinical Nurses. Methods: Data were collected by questionnaires from 205 clinical nurses who worked at the 4 hospitals located in Busan. Data were collected from September 26 to October 10, 2013. Anger-in, Forgiveness, and Quality of Life were measured using a structured questionnaire. The instruments included Anger-in Scale, Forgiveness Scale, Quality of Life Scale. The collected data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Scheffe test and Pearson’s correlation coefficients by SPSS/WIN 18.0 for windows. Results: There were significant correlations among anger-in and forgiveness(r=-.34, p<.001), anger-in and quality of life(r=-.33, p<.001), forgiveness and quality of life(r=.27, p<.001). There was a statistically significant difference in Anger-in of participants according to nurse’s satisfaction of job. Forgiveness showed significant different according to nurse’s perceived health status, belief of religion, turnover intension, and job satisfaction. Quality of life was significantly different according to nurse’s age, perceived health status, work period, work pattern, night duty, turnover intention, motivation of choice in nursing and job satisfaction. Conclusion: These results suggested that reducing anger-in level and enhancing forgiveness level would increase quality of life among clinical nurses.

논문 : 루돌프 오토의 『성스러움』이 탄생되기 전후의 맥락 -누미노제 개념의 기원을 찾아서

최정화 ( Jeong Hwa Choi ) 서울대학교 종교문제연구소 2012 종교와 문화 Vol.0 No.22

This article is concerned with the following question: Is "das Numinose" the core concept of Rudolf Otto`s main work Das Heilige ultimately Otto`s own invention or can it be traced back to the influence of other, previous scholars? It is the author`s aim to reconstruct the origin of this core concept and to thereby contextualize Otto`s work and his thoughts more profoundly. To find an answer to this question of origin I first attempt to review Otto`s own remarks and explanations on the concept of "das Numinose", turning my attention especially on his work Das Gefuhl des Uberweltlichen (Sensus Numinis). Second, I consider Otto`s journey to North Africa as the crucial moment of inspiration in his pursuit of understanding "the holy" and in eventually writing Das Heilige. Third, I propose a way to explain the historical embeddedness of the thoughts expressed therein within the Study of Religion as an academic field. By analyzing Das Heilige and Das Gefuhl des Uberweltlichen I came to realize that the category of "das Numinose" itself was preceeded by the idea of a "Sensus Numinis". The latter concept had been used for the first time by Nikolaus von Zinzendorf (1700-1760), leading figure of the Herrnhut Brethren, thus stemming from within the tradition of 18th century pietism. In this regard the origin and development of Das Heilige should be seen and understood as being rooted in and belonging to the tradition of Zinzendorf and Schleiermacher. Besides this connection I realized that Otto`s stay in North Africa should be regarded as the crucial moment when he, deeply impressed by his experience in a Moroccan synagogue, concluded that despite all observable differences between various religious traditions they were all at core related to each other by the notion of "the holy". Finally, I try to locate Otto within the history of the Study of Religion as an opponent to all theorizing about "primitive religion" as well as to Darwinism. His critique of these approaches is aimed mainly at the idea, that the origin of religion is to be found in primal human imagination. By formulating the concept of "das Numinose" Otto tried to find a way to develop a counter-concept against any such stances of anthropocentrism, thus emphasizing the idea that at the core of religion one is not to find human imagination but the eternal and uncreated "holy", that is "das Numinose".

종교사(history of religions)의 재발견. 역사적 종교연구의 학적전통과 방법론

최정화(Jeong-Hwa Choi) 한신대학교 종교와문화연구소(구 한신인문학연구소) 2013 종교문화연구 Vol.- No.20

이 논문은 종교학의 한 분과학문인 ‘종교사(history of religions)’의 전통과 방법론을 다루고 있다. 종교사는 개별 종교전통을 통시적으로 다루는 역사적인 방법으로서, 초창기 종교연구에서 중요한 역할을 담당했다. 이루 담론을 적극적으로 생산했던 종교현상학이나 비교종교학과 같은 종교학(science of religion)이 주도적인 위치를 담당하게 된 결과, 오늘날에는 방법론과 학적전통으로서의 ‘종교사’가 그다지 주목을 받고 있지 못하다. 그러나 종교에 대한 역사적인 접근은 실질적으로 종교학자들이 가장 많이 사용하는 방법 중 하나이기에, 학적전통으로서나 방법론으로서 종교사를 재조명하는 것은 전체 종교학의 정체성과 방법론에 대한 의미 있는 과제가 될 것이다. <br/> 본고는 종교사의 중요성을 이해하고 활성화를 바라는 입장에서, 첫째, 독일을 중심으로 해서 종교사의 자료가 편찬되고 종교학과가 설치되는 과정을 살펴보고, 둘째, 종교사 연구의 범위를 한정하고, 셋째, 사실과 해석에 대한 역사학 논의를 참고로 해서 해석을 하는 종교사가(宗敎史家)와 종교자료와의 관계를 고찰해 본다. 자료(종교)를 다루는 역사가(종교사가)는 늘 긴장관계에 있기 마련이다. 자료를 해석하는 과정에서 공시적인 연구의 대명사인 종교현상학과 대비시키면서 종교사의 특징을 부각시켜 보고자 한다. 끝으로 종교학자들이 다루는 사료의 종류와 그에 대한 필자의 접근방식을 하나의 예로 들고자 한다. This article is concerned with the tradition and methodology of the ‘history of religions’ as a subdiscipline within the study of religion. This academic discipline takes on an historical approach, which means that research on religious traditions is conducted to reconstruct and order its results in a diachronic way. it played a particularly important role during the founding years of the academic study of religion and has a longer history than the ‘science of religion’ or Religionswissenschaft, which comprises the comparative study of religion and the phenomenology of religion, which in turn increasingly held a leading position in actively producing discourses about religion in the field of academic research on religions. This, however, took away from the attention formerly given to the historical approach as a method and an academic tradition in its own right because it contributed less to the general discussions. Nevertheless this method is one of the most widely used in studying religions by scholars in the field of the study of religions. To shed new light on the history of religions it is necessary to inquire deeply into the identity and the most crucial methods of this discipline. First of all this article analyses the complications which arose in the project of the Quellen der Religionsgeschichte and the establishment of the study of religions as an academic discipline in the German context. Second, a definition of the ‘history of religion’ as a subdiscipline will follow. Third, the relation between fact and interpretation will be addressed before the background of the general discussions in the field of historiography. There is a persisting tension between the source materials and the historian who is to make his interpretations. To highlight the characteristics of the ‘history of religions’ it will be contrasted with the phenomenology of religion. Various types of historical materials will be discussed in the context of my own research as an example of how they may be approached.

SVC 다중 ROI 를 이용한 인터랙티브 비디오 시스템 구현

최정화 ( Jeong Hwa Choi ),배태면 ( Tae Meon Bae ),노용만 ( Yong Man Ro ) 한국정보처리학회 2006 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.13 No.2

본 논문은 사용자의 인터랙션(user interaction)을 고려하여, 사용자가 관심을 가지는 영역에 대해서 최적화된 비디오 콘텐츠를 제공받을 수 있는 비디오 서비스 시스템을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 사용자 인터랙티브티를 고려한 서비스 시스템은 SVC(Scalable Video Coding)의 다중 ROI 를 사용한다. 또한 제안된 시스템에서는 다양한 방식의 비디오 품질과, 다중 ROI 에 대한 선택 과정에서 콘텐츠 소비 주체와 시스템간의 쌍방향 제어 수단을 개발하고 콘텐츠의 관심 영역 지정 과정에서 사용자의 인터랙션 정보를 이용하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 시스템의 유효성을 테스트하기 위해 사용자의 인터랙션에 의해 변환하는 SVC 콘텐트를 만들었고, 사용자 단말에 인터렉션 기능으로 SVC 콘텐츠를 디코딩하는 시스템을 구현하여 유용성을 검증하였다.