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최자용,김종율,김재영,박주현,이원택,이종은 한국뇌신경과학회 2017 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.26 No.1
Microglia play a key role in the immune response and inflammatory reaction that occurs in response to ischemic stroke. Activated microglia promote neuronal damage or protection in injured brain tissue. Extracellular signals polarize the microglia towards the M1/M2 phenotype. The M1/M2 phenotype microglia released pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines which induce the activation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs). In this study, we investigated how the cytokines released by microglia affect the activation of NSPCs. First, we treated BV2 cells with a lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 20 ng/ml) for M1 phenotype microglia and interleukin-4 (IL-4; 20 ng/ml) for M2 phenotype microglia in BV2 cells. Mice were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) for 1 h. In ex vivo, brain sections containing the subventricular zone (SVZ) were cultured in conditioned media of M1 and M2 phenotypeconditioned media for 3 d. We measured the expression of cytokines in the conditioned media by RT-PCR and ELISA. The M2 phenotype microglia-conditioned media led to the proliferation and neural differentiation of NSPCs in the ipsilateral SVZ after ischemic stroke. The RT-PCR and ELISA results showed that the expression of TGF-α mRNA was significantly higher in the M2 phenotype microglia-conditioned media. These data support that M2 phenotype microglia-derived TGF-α is one of the key factors to enhance proliferation and neural differntiation of NSPCs after ischemic stroke.
연주 슬래브의 급냉에 따른 열변형 기구의 해석 및 방지기술
이원호(Wonho Lee),김선구(Sunkoo Kim),최자용(Jayong Choi),김종철(Jongcheol Kim),김지준(Jijoon Kim) 대한기계학회 2008 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2008 No.5
During continuous casting process, the 200㎜ thick steel slab is forced cooled down in water pool. The purposes are not only to increase productivity but to decrease surface defects of its final product. But, the slab is bended concavely after cooling due to the cooling rate difference between upper and lower part of it. In this research work, the thermal bending mechanism of steel slab has been studied with computer simulation technique. In addition, the countermeasure for preventing slab bending was proposed and also showed its effectiveness through actual experiment.