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      • KCI등재

        호스트 침해 발생 시점에서의 효율적 Forensics 증거 자료 수집 방안

        최윤호(Yoon-Ho Choi),박종호(Jong-Ho Park),김상곤(Sang-Kon Kim),서승우(Seung-Woo Seo),강유(Yu Kang),최진기(Jin-Gi Choe),문호건(Ho-Gun Moon),이명수(Myung-Su Rhee) 한국정보보호학회 2006 정보보호학회논문지 Vol.16 No.4

        컴퓨터 Forensics는 급증하고 다양화 되어 가는 컴퓨터 관련 범죄가 발생할 시, 침입에 대한 전자 증거자료를 수집하고 분석함으로써 악의적 사용자를 찾아내는 분야로서, 최근 이에 관한 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 그러나 지금까지는 사건 발생 접수 후 전자 증거자료를 수집하는 방안에 대한 연구가 이루어져왔다. 본 논문에서는 사이버 범죄에 적절하게 대응하기 위해 악의적 사용자에 의해 고의적으로 시스템이 침해된 경우, 사건 발생 시점에 기초하여 양질의 증거자료를 효과적으로 수집하기 위한 방안에 대해 제안한다. 이를 위해 침입 탐지시스템(IDS)의 로그와 분석(감시 및 보호)대상 호스트에서의 로그 및 환경 설정 정보의 상관관계를 분석하는 기법을 제시한다. 제안한 기법은 이종 시스템 로그 간 상관관계 분석을 통해 범죄 대응을 위한 자료 손실을 최소화하기 위해, 감시 및 보호 대상 호스트들의 공격에 대한 침해 위험도를 계산하고 이를 기초로 호스트의 침해(실제 시스템이 위험에 노출)발생 시점에서 증거자료를 수집한다. 이를 통해, 침해 분석에 사용되는 분석 대상 자료의 양을 줄일 뿐만 아니라 침해 판단에 사용되는 자료의 손상을 최소화하여 판단의 정확성을 보장한다. 또한 정상적인 사용자나 공격자에 의한 전자증거자료의 훼손을 최소화한다. The Computer Forensics is a research area that finds the malicious users by collecting and analyzing the intrusion or infringement evidence of computer crimes such as hacking. Many researches about Computer Forensics have been done so far. But those researches have focussed on how to collect the forensic evidence for both analysis and proofs after receiving the intrusion or infringement reports of hosts from computer users or network administrators. In this paper, we describe how to collect the forensic evidence of good quality from observable and protective hosts at the time of infringement occurrence by malicious users. By correlating the event logs of Intrusion Detection Systems(IDSes) and hosts with the configuration information of hosts periodically, we calculate the value of infringement severity that implies the real infringement possibility of the hosts. Based on this severity value, we selectively collect the evidence for proofs at the time of infringement occurrence. As a result, we show that we can minimize the information damage of the evidence for both analysis and proofs, and reduce the amount of data which are used to analyze the degree of infringement severity.

      • KCI등재후보

        피부근염 - 다발성근염 100예의 임상적 분석

        김성민(Seong Min Kim),최윤호(Yoon Ho Choi),남택서(Taik Seo Nam),배현주(Hyun Joo Pai),오명돈(Myoung Don Oh),정문현(Moon Hyoun Chung),송영욱(Yeong Wook Song),최강원(Kang Won Choe) 대한내과학회 1990 대한내과학회지 Vol.39 No.6

        N/A Polymyositis is a disorder of unknown etiology characterized by an inflammatory myopathy involving striated skeletal muscle. When characteristic skin lesions accompay the myositis, patients are diagnsed as dermatomyositis. We analyzed clinica1 and laboratory features of 100 patients with dermatomyositis polymyositis who were admitted to the Seoul National University Hospital hom January, 1981 to January, 1989. The observed results were as follows 1) The range of age was from 6 to 74 years, and the most frequent age group WBS the third decade (23.0% of all cases) and the next, the second decade (19.0% of all cases). Male to female ratio was 27:73. 2) Of the 100 patients, 32.0%. was classified as group I, 37.0% as group II, 9.0% as group III, 5.0g as group IV and 17.0% as group V. Among the patients, diagnosis was definite in 52.0% and probable in 48.0%. 3) Proximal muscle weakness was noted in 74%, myalgia 47%, arthralgia 47%, skin rash 52ii, dysphagia 20%, dysphonia 7%, alopecia 22%, Raynaud`s phenomenon 22%, and fever 48% as presenting symptoms at the time of diagnosis. 4) Serum CPK level was elevated in 62.0% SGOT 78.0%, SGPT 61.0%, and LDH 99.0%. 5) The electromyography was done in 95 patients, which revealed small polyphasic motor units (78.9%), fibrillation (63.2%), positive sharp wave (71.6%), in- creased insertion activity (11.6%), increaseed resting potential (3.2%), high frequency bizarre discharge (20.0%). A normal EMG was seen in 12.6%. 6) The muscle biopsy was done in 83 patients, which light microscopic findings were as follow: degeneration (56.6%), regeneration (10.8%), fibrosis (4.8%), necrosis (12.0%), inflammation (53.0%), vasculitis (18.1%), crossseetional diameter variation (30.1%), internalization of nuclei (16.1%). A normal pathology was noted in 8.4% 7) Antinuclear antibody was found in 19.0%, rheumatoid factor 23.8%, LE cell 9.1%, anti-ds-DNA antibody 9.3%, cryoglobulin 34.4%, false positive VDRL 1.1%, and decreased cnmplement level 8.7% ANA was noted in 70.6% of patients of group V, whereas 4.8% in patients of other group. 8) Heart involvement was seen in 36.0%. Congestive heart failure was detected in 4:0%, nonspecific ST-T change 12.0%, bundle branch block 5.0%, low voltage 9. 0%, poor R progression 3.0%, sinus arrythmia 2.0%, atrial fibrillation 2.0%, VPB 5.1%, SVPB 2.0%, and pericarditis 10.0%. Interatitial pulmonary disease was noted in 18.0% on chest X ray. FVC w as abnormal in 74:0% of 50 patients tested, abnormal DLCO was in 73.3% of 15 patients tested, and abnormal FEV1/FVC was in 18.0% of 50 patients tested. 9) Neoplasm were associated in 9 patients, 5 polymyositis and 4 dermatomyositis patients. Sites of neoplasm were stomach cancer (4 cases), colon cancer (1 case), lung cancer (1 case), nasopharyngeal cancer (1 case), lymphoma (1 case), and hepatocellular cancer (1 cancer). Mean age of the group III was 65 years, which was high relative to other group. 10) 17 patients were associated with other connective tissue disease, which were systemic sclerosis (S cases), systemic sclerosis and SLE (1 case), SLE (5 cases), RA (2 cases), hyperthyroidism (1 case), and ITP (1 case). Male to female ratio was 1:16. Polymyositis to dermatomyositis ratio was 10:7. 11) There were 14 patients who were affirmed to die. Cause of death was respiratory failure (4 cases), sepsis (3 cases), CHF (3 cases), asphyxia (1 case), sudden respiratory arrest (1 case), malignancy (1 case), suicide (1 case).

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