제분방법을 달리한 분질미, 연질미 및 경질미를 이용한 잉글리쉬 머핀의 품질특성

최옥자,심기훈,마은빛,이슬,손경숙,정희남,Choi, Ok-Ja,Shim, Ki-Hoon,Ma, Eun-Bich,Lee, Seul,Son, Kyeong-Suk,Jung, Hee-Nam 한국식품조리과학회 2015 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.31 No.5

This study investigated the quality characteristics of English muffins made rice flour created using different grinding methods (DPR: powdered type rice flour by dry milling. DSR: soft type rice flour by dry milling. DHR: hard type rice flour by dry milling. WPR: powdered type rice flour by wet milling. WSR: soft type rice flour by wet milling. WHR: hard type rice flour by wet milling). The volume, volume expansion, and specific volume were the highest in WPR. The shape and cross section indicated that WPR, WSR and DPR were the best quality. The L value was the highest in DHR, the b value was the highest in DPR. Hardness, gumminess and chewiness were the lowest in WPR, and the highest in DHR. According to result of the sensory evaluation, the color, flavor, appearance, texture and overall acceptability were the highest in WPR, while the taste preference was the highest in WSR. 분질미, 연질미 및 경질미 쌀 품종을 건식제분과 습식제분 방법으로 제조한 쌀가루의 bakery 제품 활용도를 알아보기 위해서 제조한 잉글리쉬 머핀의 품질특성을 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 각각의 쌀가루로 제조한 잉글리쉬 머핀의 무게는 시료간에 유의한 차이가 없었고, 부피, 부피팽창율 및 비용적은 습식제분 분질미 쌀가루를 이용한 잉글리쉬 머핀에서 가장 높았으며, 건식제분 경질미 쌀가루로 제조한 잉글리쉬 머핀에서 가장 낮았다. 외관과 단면 형태를 살펴본 결과, 습식제분 분질미와 연질미 그리고 건식제분 분질미를 이용한 잉글리쉬 머핀이 가장 좋게 나타났다. 색도 측정 결과, L값은 건식제분 경질미를 이용한 잉글리쉬 머핀이 가장 높았고, b값은 건식제분 분질미를 이용한 잉글리쉬 머핀이 가장 높았다. 경도, 점착성 및 씹힘성은 습식제분 분질미를 이용한 잉글리쉬 머핀에서 가장 낮아 부드러웠고, 건식제분 경질미 쌀가루를 이용한 잉글리쉬 머핀에서 가장 높아 단단하게 나타났다. 관능검사 측정 결과, 색, 향미, 외형, 질감 및 전체적인 기호도는 습식제분 분질미 쌀가루를 이용한 잉글리쉬 머핀이 가장 높게 나타났고, 맛에 대한 기호도는 습식제분 연질미 쌀가루를 이용한 잉글리쉬 머핀이 가장 높게 나타났다.

연구논문 : 반응표면분석법을 이용한 쌀과자의 제조 최적화

최옥자 ( Ok Ja Choi ),정희남 ( Hee Nam Jung ),김용두 ( Young Doo Kim ),심재한 ( Jae Han Shim ),곽상호 ( Sang Ho Kwak ),심기훈 ( Ki Hoon Shim ) 한국식품조리과학회(구 한국조리과학회) 2014 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.30 No.4

This study aimed at the optimization and development of rice snack by response surface methodology (RSM). The effect of rice soakingtime and additional ratio of soybean milk on physicochemical properties and sensory evaluation of dried rice flour for non-fried snack was studied. After soaking for 0 to 12 days, Baekjinju rice was milled and then air-dried. A quadratic model was selected for weight, volume, hardness, taste and appearance. Two-factor interaction model was selected for expansibility,color and overall preference. A linear model was selected for yellowness and flavor. Weight, hardness and appearance wereincreased and decreased thereafter as rice soaking time increased, but the volume was reversed. Expansibility, color, taste and flavor were decreased as rice soaking time increased, but yellowness was reversed. Weight and overall preference decreased as additional ratio of soybean milk increased, but volume, expansibility and yellowness were reversed. Hardness, taste and appearance were increased after initial decrease as additional ratio of soybean milk increased, color and flavor were not changed by additional ratio of soybean milk. The optimum conditions of each factor were set to where the rice soaking time and additional ratio of soybean milk were at their minimum. Weight, volume, expansibility, yellowness, hardness, color, taste, flavor, appearance and overall preference were established at maximum level where the objective of the optimum was in level. Our data indicated the statistically predicted values of the highest desirability was 1.24 day of rice soaking time and 15.80% of additional ratio of soybean milk.

우측 대동맥궁과 Kommerell 게실에 의한 기관지 폐색 1 례

최옥자(Ok Ja Choi),홍수종(Soo Jong Hong),김봉성(Bong Seong Kim),김영휘(Young Hwee Kim),고재곤(Jae Kon Ko),박인숙(In Sook Park),서등만(Dong Man Seo) 대한소아알레르기호흡기학회 1999 소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회지 Vol.9 No.3

The vascular rings comprise less than 1% of congenital cardiovascular malformations and can be overlooked because they are rare diseases and show nonspecific respiratory symptoms such as wheezing or airway obstruction or apnea. This case is a 2-months old infant who had been repaired patch closure due to ventricular septal defect, but failed to wean from ventilator. Chest CT showed right main stem bronchus lying between right pulmonary arery and right descending aorta, bronchoscopy showed right main bronchus was compressed by extrinsic pulsating mass which were descending aorta and Kommerell`s diverticulum . After aortopexy and transfer of subclavian artery, this patient was able to be extubated and is now free of respiratory symptoms. When there is failure to weaning of ventilator and persistent bronchial obstruction and emphysema, we should have more vigorous effort to seek the cause of bronchial obstruction, using bronchoscope and chest CT.

품종별 쌀의 이화학적 특성

최옥자 ( Ok Ja Choi ),김용두 ( Yong Doo Kim ),심재한 ( Jae Han Shim ),노명희 ( Myeong Hee Noh ),심기훈 ( Ki Hoon Shim ) 한국식품저장유통학회(구 한국농산물저장유통학회) 2012 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.19 No.4

Seven rice varieties (Dasan, Keunseon, Goami, Baekjinju, Seolgaeng, Hangangchal and Heukseol) were used to study the physicochemical properties of dry milled (200-mesh) rice flour species. The moisture and crude protein contents of rice were 15.00-15.10% and 6.09-8.21%, respectively. The crude lipid and crude ash of rice were 0.21-1.02% and 0.37-1.62%, respectively. As for the Hunter``s color value, the L value was highest in the Dasan flour (96.47); the a value was highest in the Heukseol flour (5.03); and the b value was highest in the Baekjinju flour (3.36). The water aborption index was highest in the Goami flour (1.45), and the water solubility index was highest in the Hangangchal flour (9.16%). The amylose contents of the rice flour species were highest in the Goami (26.42%) rice flour, followed by the Dasan (19.39%), Seolgaeng (19.24%), Keunseon (18.06%), Heukseol (15.52%), Baekjinju (9.16%), and Hangangchal (0.84%) rice flour. In the X-raydiffractin patterns of the diverse species, seven tice varieties showed A-type crystallinity. As for the amylogram properties, the initial pasting temperature was 58.00-69.03℃. The maximum viscosity was highest in the Dasan flour. The Heukseol flour had the lowest maximum viscosity, breakdown, and setback. In terms of the thermal properties of the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), the onset temperature was 59.03-66.84℃; the peak temperature, 66-70-72.82℃; and the end temperature, 74.06-78.66℃. The enthalpy (ΔH) was lowest in the Heukseol flour (7.59 J/g) and highest in the Seolgaeng flour (11.36J/g).

신선초가루를 첨가한 식빵의 품질 특성

최옥자(Ok-Ja Choi),김용두(Yong-Doo Kim),강성구(Seong-Koo Kang),정현숙(Hyun-Sook Jung),고무석(Moo-Seok Ko),이홍철(Hong-Cheol Lee) 한국식품영양과학회 1999 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.28 No.1

신선초를 식품재료로 다양하게 사용하기 위한 일환으로 가공처리한 신선초가루를 식빵에 첨가하여 품질 특성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 신선초가루의 총식이섬유소 함량은 잎 31.89%, 줄기 43.37%로 줄기의 함유량이 높으며, blanching에 의하여 불용성 식이섬유소 가증가되었고, 소금물 침지에 의해서는 수용성 식이섬유소와 불용성 식이섬유소가 증가되었다. 신선초가루의 수분결합력은 소금물에 침지한 잎과 줄기가 무처리군에 비하여 더 증가하는 경향이었다. 신선초가루의 관능검사 결과 소금물에 침지한 잎과 blanching한 잎, 줄기가 전체적인 기호도가 높았다. 신선초가루를 첨가한 빵은 대조군에 비하여 수분결합력이 높았고, 빵의 무게는 증가되었으나, 빵의 부피는 감소되었다. 소금물에 침지한 신선초 잎과 blanching한 줄기를 첨가한 빵은 무처리 신선초가루를 첨가했을 때보다 부피가 더 증가되었다. 명도와 적색도는 대조군에 비하여 신선초가루 첨가량이 많을수록 낮았으며, 황색도는 신선초가루를 첨가하였을 때 높게 나타났다. Texturemeter로 측정한 빵의 경도와 탄력성은 대조군에 비하여 신선초가루를 첨가하였을 때 약간 증가되는 경향이었다. 응집성, 점착성, 씹힘성은 대조군에 비하여 신선초가루 첨가량이 많을수록 낮았다. 관능검사 결과 blanching한 줄기 5%를 첨가한 빵의 기호도가 높았고, 신선초의 첨가율은 잎의 경우 무처리군, 처리군 모두 10%보다 5% 수준이 기호도가 높았고, 줄기의 경우 blanching군은 5%, 10% 일 때 전체적인 빵의 기호도가 좋다고 평가되었다. Effects of adding of Angelica keiskei Koidz flour on the quality characteristics of bread were investigated. The content of total dietary fiber was 31.89% in flour of Angelica keiskei Koidz leaf and 43.37% in that of stem. The content of insoluble dietary fiber increased by blanching, but those of soluble dietary fiber and insoluble dietary fiber increased by steeping in NaCl solution. In the results of sensory evaluation of Angelica keiskei Koidz flour, leaf steeped in NaCl solution and blanched stem showed good overall preference. With the addition of Angelica keiskei Koidz flour, water binding capacity and loaf weight increased, while the loaf volume decreased. The loaf volume of bread added with leaf steeped in NaCl solution and blanched stem were higher than those added with natural Angelica keiskei Koidz flour. The lightness and redness values decreased with the increase of Angelica keiskei Koidz flour content in bread but yellowness values increased. In the texture analyzer measurement for bread added with Angelica keiskei Koidz flour, hardness and springiness somewhat increased, while cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness decreased. As the results of sensory evaluation of bread added with Angelica keiskei Koidz flour, the score of the breads added with 5% leaf steeped in NaCl solution and 5%, 10% blanched stem were somewhat lower than those of control bread. In terms of rate of addition of Angelica keiskei Koidz flour, the bread added with leaf at 5% level, natural stem at 5% level and stem by blanching at 5%, 10% level had good overall preference.

쌀의 품종별 취반 특성

최옥자 ( Ok Ja Choi ),정희남 ( Hee Nam Jung ),심기훈 ( Ki Hoon Shim ) 한국식품저장유통학회 ( 구 한국농산물저장유통학회 ) 2012 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.19 No.1

The objective of this study was to investigate the cooking properties of seven different rice cultivars (Dasan, Keunseom, Goami, Baekjinju, Seolgaeng, Hangangchal, and Heukseol). For the Hunter`s color values, the L value was highest in the Seolgaeng cultivar, the a value was highest in the Heukseol cultivar, and the b value was highest in the Hangangchal cultivar. For the water absorption rate, that of the Heukseol cultivar was 80 min up to the saturation point, those of the Dasan and Goami cultivars were 50 min, those of the Baekjinju and Keunseom cultivars were 30 min, and that of the Seolgaeng cultivar was 10 min. The water absorption was highest in the Keunseom cultivar (351.38%). The expansibility and soluble-solid contents were 226.97-551.08 and 5.56-21.05%, respectively. The hardness of the cooked rice was highest in the Heukseol cultivar (24.30 kg); conversely, the Hangangchal cultivar had the lowest value (7.49 kg). Goami was a hard cooked rice, except for the Heukseol cultivar. In the sensory evaluation of the cooked rice, the taste, texture, and overall preference were highest in the Baekjinju cultivar, the color was highest in the Seolgaeng cultivar, the flavor was highest in the Heukseol cultivar, and the appearance was highest in the Hangangchal cultivar. The Dasan and Keunseom cultivars yielded the lowest values in the sensory evaluation, except for texture.

감광성 DMNB 기를 함유한 새로운 포지형 감광성 폴리이미드의 합성 및 물성

최옥자(Ok Ja Choi),류윤미(Yun Mi Ryu),정민국(Min Kook Chung),이명훈(Myeng Hoon Lee) 한국고분자학회 2002 폴리머 Vol.26 No.6

지역 브랜드 쌀의 이화학적 특성 비교

최옥자(Ok Ja Choi),장원용(Won Yong Jang),송치영(Chi Young Song),이미영(Mi Young Lee),심기훈(Ki Hoon Shim) 한국식품영양과학회 2017 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.46 No.11

본 연구는 시판되고 있는 경기도, 충청남도, 경상북도, 전라남도 등의 지역에서 시판되고 있는 브랜드 쌀 품종과 대형마트에서 판매하는 PB 제품의 이화학적 특성 및 호화 특성을 분석하여 비교 검토하였다. 쌀의 일반성분 분석에서 수분함량은 15.67~17.03%, 조단백 함량은 5.73~6.30%, 조지방 함량은 0.38~0.95% 그리고 조회분 함량은 0.23~0.56%로 나타났고, 전라남도 일미벼 품종과 경상북도 일품벼 품종의 수분 함량이 높았고, 경기도 고시히카리 품종과 전라남도 호평벼 품종의 조단백 함량이 낮았다. 쌀가루의 색도에서 L값은 96.76~97.27, a값은 -1.63~-0.63 그리고 b값은 2.00~2.60으로 나타났다. 쌀가루의 수분흡수지수는 1.21~1.39로 나타났고, 수분용해지수는 0.63~0.93%로 경기도 고시히카리 품종과 전라남도 일미벼 품종에서 낮게 나타났다. 쌀가루의 아밀로오스 함량은 14.63~20.86%로 경기도 고시히카리 품종과 전라남도 일미벼 품종에서 낮게 나타났다. 쌀가루의 X-선 회절도를 측정한 결과 모든 품종의 쌀가루는 A 도형을 나타냈다. 아밀로그램에 의한 쌀가루의 호화 특성 분석 결과, 호화개시온도는 59.57~63.23°C, 최고점도는 569.00~718.67 B.U., 최고점도 시 온도는 87.23~89.27 C, 최저점도는 264.67~295.00 B.U., 50°C로 냉각한 냉각점도는 418.33~563.33 B.U., 강하점도는 303.00~423.67 B.U. 그리고 치반점도는 212.67~265.33 B.U.로 나타났다. 시차열량주사계를 이용한 쌀가루의 호화엔탈피 측정 결과 호화개시온도는 54.66~58.63°C, 호화정점온도는 65.87~68.14°C, 호화종료온도는 73.37~75.54°C 그리고 호화엔 탈피는 1.98~2.95 cal/g으로 나타났다. 내부치밀도와 호화개시온도가 높고 수분흡수지수, 조단백 함량, 아밀로오스 함량 그리고 아밀로그램의 최종점도 및 치반점도가 낮으면 식미가 좋은 품종으로 봤을 때 경기도의 고시히카리 품종, 전라남도의 일미벼 품종 및 호평벼 품종 그리고 충청남도의 삼광벼 품종이 우수한 품종으로 나타났다. The study examined and compared the physicochemical and characteristics of various rice brand varieties and private brand products on the market. The moisture content in the proximate composition of rice was 15.67∼17.03%, crude protein content was 5.73∼6.30%, crude lipid content was 0.38∼0.95%, and crude ash content was 0.23∼0.56 %. Ilmi and Ilpum had high moisture content, whereas Gosihikkari and Hopyeong had high crude protein content. In the Hunter’s color value of rice flour, L value was 96.76∼97.27, a value was -1.63∼-0.63, and b value was 2.00∼2.60. The WAI was 1.21∼1.39, WSI was 0.63∼0.93%, and amylose content was 14.63∼20.86%, respectively; Gosihikkari and Ilmi showed the lowest values. The X-ray diffraction patterns of rice flours of all varieties showed an A shape. For the amylogram properties of rice flour, initial pasting temperature was 59.57∼63.23°C, maximum viscosity was 569.00∼718.67 B.U. (Brabender Units), breakdown was 303.00∼423.67 B.U., and setback was 212.67∼265.33 B.U.. For differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) of rice flour, onset temperature was 54.66∼58.63°C, peak temperature was 65.87∼68.14°C, end temperature was 73.37∼75.54°C, and enthalpy was 1.98∼2.95 cal/g. The rice varieties with high internal density and initial pasting temperature as well as low crude protein content, WAI, amylose content, and setback can be classified as good. Gosihikkari in Gyeonggi Province, Ilmi and Hopyeong in Jeollanam-do, and Samgwang in Chungcheongnam-do are among them.

발효정도에 따른 국내산 야생차 추출물의 항균활성

최옥자(Ok Ja Choi),이행재(Haeng Jae Rhee),최경희(Kyeong Hee Choi) 한국식품영양과학회 2005 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.34 No.2

국내산 야생차를 발효정도에 따라 몇 단계의 발효차를 제조하여 일반세균, 젖산균 및 효모 총 8균주에 대한 항균활성을 검색하고, 항균활성 물질의 미생물에 대한 최소저해농도, 열 및 pH에 대한 안정성, 에탄올추출물의 용매분획별 항균활성을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 국내산 야생녹차의 물추출물과 에탄올추출물의 최소저해농도는 그람양성균에서는 B. subtilis가 0.2 ㎎/mL로 가장 낮았고, 그람음성균에서는 P. fluorescens가 0.3~0.5 ㎎/ mL로 가장 낮았으며, 젖산균과 효모는 1 ㎎/mL이하의 농도에서는 항균활성이 나타나지 않았다. 발효가 많이 진행된 차일수록 불발효차인 녹차에 비하여 항균활성은 점점 감소하였으며, 에탄올추출물이 물추출물보다 항균효과가 더 높았다. 차 항균활성 물질의 열 및 pH 안정성은 50~121℃ 및 pH 3~11까지 각 균주의 생육 저해환의 크기가 대조구와 비슷하게 나타나 녹차, 반발효차, 발효차 모두 열과 pH에 안정한 것으로 확인되었다. 차 에탄올추출물을 용매 분획한 결과 물분획물에서 생육억제효과가 가장 크게 나타났고, 그 다음으로는 에틸아세테이트 분획물, 에테르 분획물의 순으로 항균활성이 높았으며, 헥산 분획물에서는 항균활성을 보이지 않았다. 각 분획물의 항균활성은 발효가 많이 진행된 차일수록 생육저해환의 크기가 적었으며, 발효도가 높은 국내산 강발효차와 중국산 홍차의 경우 에테르 분획물에서는 항균활성이 나타나지 않았다. This study was investigated to determine antimicrobial activity of the water and ethanol extracts of Korean wild green tea, semi-fermented tea, and fermented tea. Antimicrobial activity was examined against 8 kinds of several microorganisms. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the water and ethanol extracts of green tea showed the most active antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis 0.2 ㎎/mL in Gram positive bacteria and P. fluorescens 0.3~0.5 ㎎/mL in Gram negative bacteria. But the extracts did not show antimicrobial activity against lactic acid bacteria and yeast at the level of less than 1 ㎎/mL. Antimicrobial activity got lower as tea got more fermented. Antimicrobial activity of ethanol extracts from green tea, semi- fermented tea, and fermented tea was stronger than that of water extracts. Antimicrobial activity of the water and ethanol extracts of green tea, semi-fermented tea, and fermented tea was not destroyed at 50~121℃, and pH 3~11, which proved to be very stable when given over heat, acid & alkali treatment. The ethanol extract of green tea, semi-fermented tea, and fermented tea was fractionated in the order of hexane, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and water fraction. The highest antimicrobial activity was found in the water fraction, but not found in hexane fraction, while antimicrobial activity of fermented tea was not found in ether fraction.

신선초가루를 첨가한 식빵의 저장 중 노화도와 기호도의 변화

최옥자(Ok-Ja Choi),정현숙(Hyun-Sook Jung),고무석(Moo-Seok Ko),김용두(Yong-Doo Kim),강성구(Seong-Koo Kang),이홍철(Hong-Cheol Lee) 한국식품영양과학회 1999 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.28 No.1

신선초가루를 첨가한 빵을 실온(27±2℃), 냉장(2±1℃), 냉동(-20±1℃)저장하면서 경시적으로 노화도와 관능검사를 실험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 신선초가루를 첨가한 빵의 노화도는 대조군보다 약간 낮게 나타났으며, 실온에 저장한 경우, 저장 1일째부터 모든 시료구에서 노화가 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 냉장저장하였을 때 실온저장에 비하여 현저하게 노화도가 증가되었고, 저장 기간이 길어질수록 신선초가루를 첨가한 빵은 대조군보다 노화도는 낮았으며, 신선초가루 중 줄기를 첨가하였을 때, 신선초가루 첨가율이 많을 때 노화가 지연되는 현상을 보였다. 30일간 냉동저장한 경우, 노화도는 저장 전과 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 신선초가루를 첨가한 빵을 실온, 냉장 및 냉동저장하였을 때 색깔과 외관에 대한 기호도는 저장 전과 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 향미, 질감 및 입안에서의 느낌, 전체적인 질에 대한 기호도는 저장기간이 길어짐에 따라 감소하였으나, 신선초가루를 첨가한 빵은 대조군에 비하여 이들에 대한 기호도가 개선되었고, 신선초가루 중 전처리한 줄기를 첨가한 빵이 가장 효과적이었다. 저장방법에 따른 기호도의 차이는 냉장저장하였을 때 빵의 절감 및 입안에서의 느낌에 대한 기호도가 실온 및 냉동저장에 비하여 낮았고, 향미에 대한 기호도는 냉동저장시 가장 낮게 나타났다. We have got the following results from tests in the course of time on retrogradation and taste change in bread with added flour of Angelica keiskei Koidz, which had been stored in room temperature (27±2℃), refrigerating(2±1℃) and freezing (-20±1℃), respectively. Bread with the added flour showed a little lower degree of retrogradation than control group, and every group in room temperature retrograded from the very first day. The degree of retrogradation of the group in refrigerating was far greater comparing with the group in room temperature. The longer bread was stored, the lower the degree of retrogradation was, and the higher the adding rate of the flour got, the later its retrogradation happened. Especially the flour of this vegetable′s stem turned out to be the most effective in retarding its retrogradation. Group stored 30 days in freezing didn′t show a wide difference in retrograde comparing with the group before storage. Preference for color and shape of the flour-added bread stored in room temperatue, refrigerating and freezing did not change significantly from the group before storage. Although preference decreased for flavor, texture, mouth-feel and overall quality with the lapse of time, flour-added group improved in preference for these factors comparing with the control group. Above all, added flour of pretreated stem proved to be the most effective in the sensory tests. With respect to the storing method, the group stored in refrigerating showed greater preference for the texture and mouth-feel over the groups in room temperature and freezing. Flavor preference of the group in freezing was the lowest of all.