Emergency cesarean section in an epidemic of the middle east respiratory syndrome -a case report-

최덕환,박미혜,김희련,성지희,김종화 대한마취통증의학회 2016 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.69 No.3

Only a few reports have been published on women with an infectious respiratory viral pathogen, such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) Coronavirus delivering a baby. A laboratory confirmed case of MERS was reported during a MERS outbreak in the Republic of Korea in a woman at gestational week 35 + 4. She recovered, and delivered a healthy baby by emergency cesarean section (C-sec). We present the clinical course and the emergency C-sec in a pregnant woman with MERS.

스포츠중계에서 가상광고의 맥락 일치성에 따른 브랜드자산과의 관계분석

최덕환,배정섭 한국스포츠학회 2021 한국스포츠학회지 Vol.19 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 스포츠 중계에서의 가상광고의 맥락일치성에 따른 브랜드자산과의 관계를 분석하는 데 있다. 연구를 위한 조사도구로 설문지를 활용했고, 수도권 소재 대학교에 재학 중인 160명의 대학생을 연구대상으로 선정하여 스포츠 중계 시 맥락일치성에 따른 4가지의 가상광고를 통해 연구를 진행하였다. 설문의 분석은 SPSS 24.0 및 AMOS 24.0을 통해 빈도분 석독립표본 t-test, 탐색적 요인분석, 신뢰도 분석 및 one-way ANOVA를 실시했다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 스포츠 중계에서 가상광고의 맥락일치성과 브랜드자산의 하위요인은 모두 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 브랜드이미지와 브랜드충성도에서는 형태적 관련성과 메시지관련성이 높은 집단이 가장 높게 측정되었고, 형태적 관련성과 메시지관련성이 낮은 집단이 통계적 수준에서 가장 낮게 분석되었다. 셋째, 브랜드인지도에서는 낮은 형태관련성과 낮은 메시지관련성의 집단의 수치 가 다른 집단에 비해 통계적 수준에서 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 지각된 품질에서 높은 형태관련성과 높은 메시지관련성의 집단, 높은 형태관련성과 낮은 메시지관련성이 통계적으로 높게 측정되었고, 낮은 형태관련성과 높은 메시지관련성 및 낮은 형태관련성과 낮은 메시지관련성의 집단은 수치가 통계적 수준에서 낮은 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship with brand equity according to context congruency of virtual advertisement in sports broadcasting. Data were collected from 160 university students majoring in sports using video clip and survey questionnaires. t-test and one-way ANOVA were conducted to investigate the effectiveness of brand equity per context congruency of virtual advertising. The results of this study are as follows. First, in sports broadcasting, context congruency of virtual advertisements and the sub-factors of brand equity were both found to be different. Second, brand image and brand loyalty were measured the highest among groups with high formality and message relevance. On the other hand, groups with low formality and message relevance were analyzed at the lowest statistical level. Third, in brand awareness, group of formality and message relevance was analyzed to be lower at a statistical level than other groups. Fourth, in perceived quality, groups of high formality relevance and high message relevance, high formality relevance and low message relevance were measured statistically high, while groups of low formality relevance and high message relevance and low formality relevance and low message relevance showed that the figures were low at the statistical level.

온라인 구매에 따른 아웃도어 스포츠웨어소비자의 위험지각, 구매제한행동 및 구매만족간의 관계

최덕환,이명찬,김명호 한국스포츠학회 2015 한국스포츠학회지 Vol.13 No.4

The purpose of this study was to examine the structural relationship among perceived risks, purchase restriction behavior, and purchase satisfaction in online outdoor sports wear purchase. The subjects of this study were selected collegian who had ever purchased outdoor wears. The questionnaire survey was conducted from March 16 to April 10, 2015. A total of 360 questionnaires were distributed and Finally 336 copies were used for the final analysis after incomplete responses were excluded. SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0 was used to analyze collected data. Descriptive analysis, frequency analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis were also conducted to test hypotheses established. As the results of the analysis, the findings of this study were as follows. First, in the purchase of outdoor sports wears in Internet shopping malls, it was found that perceived risk of Internet shopping malls had a positive effect on purchase restriction behavior. Second, in the purchase of outdoor sports wears in Internet fashion shopping malls, it was found that perceived risk of Internet shopping malls had a negative effect on purchase satisfaction. Third, in the purchase of outdoor sports wears in Internet fashion shopping malls, it was found that purchase restriction behavior of Internet shopping malls had a negative effect on purchase satisfaction.

제왕절개술을 위한 기관 내 삽관의 실패 후 발생한 위파열

최덕환,최효순,김지애,최중섭 대한마취과학회 2002 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.43 No.2

MEMS센서를 활용한 소형자동기상관측장비 개발 및 활용방안 연구

최덕환,임효혁,김나영 한국기상학회 2016 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.4

스포츠 콘텐츠에 대한 시청동기와 시청 후 행동에 대한 메타분석

최덕환,배정섭 한국스포츠학회 2019 한국스포츠학회지 Vol.17 No.4

The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of viewing motivations of sports contents and after viewing through meta-analysis. In order to analyze the data, 17studies using viewing motivations for sports content were set up as subjects of study, and meta-analysis was performed through the Comprehensive Meta Analysis (CMA). The results of the study are as follows. First, it has been confirmed that the effect size of sports content is high. In addition, among the sub-factories of the viewing motivations, entertaining motivation was the most effective, and the effect size was analyzed in the order of informational motivation, vicarious satisfaction, social motivation. and consuming time motivation. Second, the order of effect size, viewing flow, viewing satisfaction, viewing attitude, reviewing intention and word of mouth related to the influence of viewing motivations on behaviors after viewing, The effect of viewing motivations on ratio of males was statistically significant. Based on the results of this study, it may be possible to draw detailed measures to elicit positive behaviors after viewing in providing sports content. 본 연구는 메타분석을 활용하여 스포츠 콘텐츠에 대한 시청동기와 시청 후 행동에 대한 영향력을 다각적으로 분석하는 데 목적이 있다. 스포츠 콘텐츠에 대한 시청동기가 활용된 17개의 연구가 연구대상으로 설정되었고, CMA (Comprehensive Meta Analysis)를 통해 메타분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 스포츠 콘텐츠의 시청동기의 효과크기는 높은 수준인 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 시청동기의 하위요인 중 오락추가가 가장 높은 효과크기를 보였고, 정보추구, 대리만족, 사회교류 및 시간소비의 순으로 효과크기가 분석되었다. 둘째, 시청동기가 시청 후 행동에 미치는 영향력과 관련하여 시청몰입, 시청만족, 시청태도, 재시청 의도 및 구전의도의 순으로 나타났다. 셋째, 조절변인으로 설정한 남성의 비중이 높을수록 스포츠 콘텐츠에 대한 시청동기의 영향력이 높아진다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 스포츠 콘텐츠를 제공함에 있어 긍정적인 시청 후 행동을 이끌어낼 수 있는 세부적인 방안을 이끌어낼 수 있을 것이다.

척추-경막외 병용마취를 이용한 제왕절개술시 경막외 Top-up 의 효과

최덕환,김지애,심우석,박남기 대한마취과학회 2000 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.38 No.1

Background : Epidural $quot;top-up$quot; has been blown to enhance spinal anesthesia in combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. Saline and local anesthetics were reported to have a volume effect when infused as epidural $quot;top-up$quot;. In cesarean deliveries where high sensory block has been achieved using a combined spinal-epidural technique, we evaluated the effects of epidural $quot;top-up$quot; on the underlying spinal block. Methods: Sixty-six parturients were allocated randomly into group C (control, n = 21), S (saline, N= 21), or B (bupivacaine. n = 24), Ten minutes after they received 8 mg of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine intrathecally, nothing, 10 ml saline, or 10 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine were infused, respectively. The sensory level at 10 min, the maximal level and the time to reach it, and degrees of motor block and muscle relaxation were compared. We also investigated intraoperative side effects and postoperative findings in the PACU. Results : There were significant changes in sensory level after epidural top-ups in the group S and B, but no differences in maximal height of sensory block and degree of muscle relaxation among the groups. Intraoperative pain was complained in fewer patients in the group B. Times to sensory and motor recovery were longer in patients of the group B. Conclusions : Eight milligrams of hyperbaric bupivacaine using a combined spinal-epidural technique was not sufficient for cesarean section. Epidural saline top-up showed volume effect, which didn't improve the spinal block. Epidural $quot;top-up$quot; of 0.25% 10 ml bupivacaine enhanced the spinal block and sustained the black postoperatively (Korean J Anesthesiol 2000; 38: 69~75)

스포츠 소비자의 브랜드전환에 관한 연구

최덕환 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.2

A goal of the study was to analyze factors for consumers' brand switching,, examine brand switching groups of different sports consumers, and validate relationship between factors for brand switching and brand switching groups. The investigation for the study was done on sports consumers that use indoor and outdoor golf ranges located in Seoul and Gyeoggi region. The followings show the conclusion of the investigation. First, the factors for sports brand switching are representativness, price, advertisement, and convenience of purchase. There was a significant difference in the factors for sports brand switching according to the characteristics of sports consumers. Second, the sports brand switching groups were divided into first→first brand group, first→latter brand group, latter→first brand group and latter→latter brand group. There was a significant difference in the sports brand switching groups according to the characteristics of sports consumers. Third, the variables of sports brand switching have significant influences on sports brand switching groups. In conclusion, the sports brand study should not only analyze the behaviors of consumers but also provide strategic suggestions of new brands to manufacturers in Korea where the world sports brand power is very weak.

경막외 마취하 제왕절개술시 술중 경막외 모르핀의 투여가 술후 정맥내 자가통증조절(IV-PCA)에 미치는 영향

최덕환,김지애,심우석 대한마취과학회 2000 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.38 No.1

Background : Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) has been widely used for pain relief after cesarean delivery under epidural anesthesia. However, IV-PCA alone has a limited effect on early postoperative pain relief. Epidural morphine injected intraoperatively could alleviate the early post-cesarean pain. We evaluated the effects and side effects of intraoperative epidural mo17hine on post-operative IV-PCA. Methods : Forty patients scheduled for cesarean section under epidural anesthesia were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The patients in the intravenous group (IV group, n=20) received intra-venous morphine 3-5 mg after the operation in the recovery room when patients complain of pain, and the patients in the epidural group (EPI group, n = 20) received intraoperative epidural morphine 3 mg afrer fetus delivery. After that, both groups received morphine IV-PCA (no basal infusion, bolus 1.0 mg, lock-out time 6 min). Analgesic efficacy, degree of patient satisfaction, drug consumption and side effects were compared at 4 and 24 hours after surgery. Results : The EPI group had significantly lower VAS for pain at 4h after surgery on movement and resting than the IV group, whereas no significant difference was observed at 24h after surgery. The cumulative morphine consumptions at 4h and 24h after surgery were more in the IV group (each, p $lt; 0.001). Fewer patients in the EPI group had drowsiness at 24h after surgery, but there were no significant differences in other side effects and degree of satisfaction between the two groups. Conclusions : We conclude that intraoperative epidural morphine was effective with less side effects for postoperative IV-PCA in the cesarean patients under epidural anesthesia. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2000; 38: 112 ∼ 117)

[전문가칼럼] 해상풍력, 세계는 ‘대세’ 우리는 ‘걸음마’

최덕환 전력문화사 2020 Electric Power Vol.14 No.4