마우스에서 bibutyl phthalate 급성 투여가 간 지질과산화와 gamma-glutamy1 transferase 활성에 미치는 효과

최달웅(Dal-Woong Choi),김영환(Young-Hwan Kim) 대한환경위생공학회 2004 대한환경위생공학회지 Vol.19 No.1

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is used extensively in the plastic industry and has been known as an endocrine disruptor. Present study was undertaken to examine whether DBP can induce oxidative stress in mice. In this study, oxidative stress was measured in terms of the modification of lipid peroxidation and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity. The serum toxicity index, level of lipid peroxidation and triglyceride (TG), and activity of GGT were measured in male ICR mice after a single administration of DBP (5 g/kg, po). DBP did not alter serum alanine aminotransferase (AL T), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine, glucose and cholesterol level. However, the treatment with DBP was found to significantly increase the level of lipid peroxidation in liver and lung. The TG content and activity of GGT in the liver of DBP-exposed animals was also increased. These results indicate that DBP can induce mild oxidative stress in mice. The GGT activity is considered to be increased as one of the adaptive defense mechanisms to oxidative stress induced by DBP.

HepG2 세포에서 Ethanol, Glycerol, 4-methylpyrazole 및 Isoniazid에 의한 Human CYP2E1 활성 변화

최달웅(Dal-Woong Choi) 한국독성학회 2003 Toxicological Research Vol.19 No.3

The modification of CYP2E1 activity is of considerable interest because of its role in the metabolic activation of a variety of toxic chemicals. In the present studies, the time-course of changes in human CYP2E1 activities was determined after treatment with ethanol, glycerol, 4-methylpyrazole or isoniazid using intact HepG2 cells transfected by human CYP2E1. Hydroxylation of chlorzoxazone was chosen for the measurement of CYP2E1 activity. CYP2E1 protein levels were increased upon cultivation of cells in the presence of ethanol, glycerol, 4-methylpyrazole or isofor 24 hr. After 24 hr cultivation, ethanol or glycerol increased CYP2E1 activities, whereas 4or isoniazid inhibited. This different effect of the chemical inducers on CYP2E1 activities persisted to subsequent 24 hr. Competitive inhibition study suggested that 4-methylpyrazole or isoniazid has stronger binding affinity to CYP2E1 than ethanol or glycerol. These results demonstrate that different binding affinity of the chemical inducers to the active site of CYP2E1 plays important role in determining real CYP2E1 activity in intact cells after treatment with the chemical inducers. Present study would be helpful in precise understanding of human CYP2E1-mediated toxicity.

알레르기 환자 가정에서 생물학적 유해인자에 대한 노출평가 -세균, 진균, 집먼지 진드기 알레르겐, 내독소를 대상으로

문경환,변상훈,최달웅,김영환,이장희,이은실,Moon Kyong Whan,Byeon Sang Hoon,Choi Dal Woong,Kim Young Whan,Lee Jang Hee,Lee Eun Il 한국환경보건학회 2005 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.31 No.2

To assess exposure of allergy patients to a biological environment, measurements were made of levels of airborne bacteria and fungi, house dust endotoxin and mite allergens in homes of 7 allergy patients and 12 healthy families. Concentrations of airborne total bacteria and the ratio of indoor and outdoor concentrations(I/O) in allergy patient's homes were high compared to non-allergy houses. But no significant differences could be shown for the concentration of spores of viable fungi and staphylococcus in indoor air between the homes of allergic patients and healthy families. The results of investigation on house dust mites, Dermatophagoids farinae were detected in all mattress samples and the levels in the allergy patient's homes were generally high, with individual measurements exceeding $2{\mu}g/g$ dust found in $30\%$ samples. In contrast with, Dermatophagoids pteronyssinus were detected in only $60\%$ samples and the concentrations were very low. The levels of endotoxin in dust samples collected from the allergy patient's home mattresses were higher than those of control houses. There was a positive correlation between the endotoxin levels and the house dust mite allergens.

실내 공기 중 일부 알데하이드류에 대한 위해도 평가 - 일부 주택 및 아토피 환자 주택을 대상으로

문경환,변상훈,최달웅,이은일,오은하,김영환,Moon Kyong Whan,Byeon Sang Hoon,Choi Dal Woong,Lee Eun Il,Oh Eun Ha,Kim Young Whan 한국환경보건학회 2006 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.32 No.1

This study was undertaken to determine the concentrations of 15 aldehydes in air samples collected from 21 households including 9 atopy patient's homes and to assess the extent of exposure and risk for an individual due to inhalation. Of all the aldehydes identified in both indoor and outdoor environment, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were the most abundant aldehydes, which were occupied $60\%\;and\;17\%$ of total amount, respectively. The geometric mean concentration of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in indoor air were $170.5\pm1.9\;{\mu}g/m^3\;and\;47.3\pm1.5\;{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively. There existed a strong correlation between formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and other aldehydes. And the ratio of indoor and outdoor concentrations (I/O) exceeded 1.0 for almost every measured aldehydes except m-tolualdehyde... No associations were found between the level of aldehydes and either housing characteristics or living habits in most of the samples with only a few exception. And the concentrations of all aldehydes indoor air between atopy patient's homes and control homes were not significant(p>0.05). Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde exposures and risks were estimated by using the inhalation unit risk, mean concentrations and the 95th percentiles, and which were $2.6\times10^{-3}\;and\;1.1\times10^{-4}$, respectively. The mean and the 95th percentile risk estimates were 25 times higher for formaldehyde than for acetaldehyde in homes.

서울 일부 지역 교통수단의 실내 공기질 평가

손종렬(Jong-Ryeul Sohn),최달웅(Dal-Woong Choi),최정숙(Jung-Sook Choi),우완기(Wan-Gi Woo) 대한환경위생공학회 2006 대한환경위생공학회지 Vol.21 No.1

This paper was conducted concerning the degree of indoor air quality in public transport vehicles such as taxicabs, buses and subway trains, as sampled through the active participation of drivers and passengers in Seoul between 13th August 2005 and 2nd November 2005. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Among the measured substances especially respirable particulate matters (PM₁?), total bacteria counts (TBC) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) exceeded the standard level of 150 ㎍/㎥, 800 CFU/㎥ and 1000ppm. 2. The concentration of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in taxi recorded 2491ppm, which is more than the standard amount of 1000ppm. This level was comparatively higher than all other public transportation methods. Total bacteria counts (TBC) in bus and subway recorded 1082CFU/㎥ and 1856CFU/㎥, respectively. 3. The drivers who regularly work long hours showed the higher concern about contamination of the air inside the public transport vehicles and they considered it to be worse than the air outside. In contrast, the general public showed less concern about the air quality inside the public transport vehicles. However, they too acknowledged that the quality of the air inside the public transport vehicles was poor. In regards to the degree of indoor air quality in the public transport vehicles, a counterplan must be implemented urgently to effectively combat the excessive levels of PM₁?, microorganism and CO₂. We need to gather more conclusive evidence pertaining to other possible contaminants and influencing factors.

일부 주택의 침구류 및 실내공기 중의 집먼지 진드기 알러젠 농도 측정

손종렬(Jong-Ryeul Sohn),최달웅(Dal-Woong Choi),백용규(Yong-Kyu Baik) 한국생활환경학회 2006 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.13 No.3

House dust mite were the most important cause of allergic asthma and rhinitis. More than 70% of Korean children and about 50% of adult with respiratory allergy were sensitive to house dust mite. This experiment was examined the indoor environment in house and house dust mite existence inquiry. From, 23rd December 2005 to 28th February 2006, dust samples were collected from the bedclothing by a vacuum cleaner and air sampler. And the levels of Der f1 and Der p1 were determined by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). The results were as follows : 1. The mite allergy contaminations of bedclothes in house were higher than international standards (2000 ng/g), 2. In type of mite, The Korean house the almost have the D. farinae other than D. pteronyeeinus of mite. 3. The Der f1 and Der p1 levels per gram of dust from the bedclothes were 2074.99 ng on average, but they did not exist in air. The concentrations of house dust mite were significantly high in the bedclothing. This results suggest that the bedclothes have enough concentrations of dust mites to develop the sensitization. The control of indoor environment should be emphasized to prevent the sensitization by the repeated exposure to dust mite.

아토피, 천식환자집 및 새집에서 실내공기 중 휘발성 유기용제 농도

변상훈(Sang Hoon Byeon),문경환(Kyong Whan Moon),최달웅(Dal Woong Choi),이은일(Eun Il Lee),오은하(Eun Ha Oh),김영환(Young Hwan Kim) 한국실내환경학회 2006 한국실내환경학회지 Vol.3 No.4

This study was undertaken to determine the concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the indoor air between houses of atopy, asthma patients and new houses. Total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) in the indoor and outdoor air of normal houses were measured as 92.6 and 72.5 ㎍/㎥, respectively. TVOCs in the indoor and outdoor air of atopy patient"s houses were 152 and 42.1 ㎍/㎥. TVOCs in the indoor and outdoor air of asthma patient"s houses was 165 and 50.1 ㎍/㎥. TVOCs in the indoor and outdoor air of new houses was 158 and 78.3 ㎍/㎥. It was found that the concentrations of VOCs were higher in the indoor air of atopy, asthma patient"s and new houses than the normal houses. This suggests that the concentration of VOCs can influence atopy and asthma.

수종의 유기용제가 사람 정자의 점액 침투능, 운동성과 생존율에 미치는 영향

유동철,최달웅 한국환경독성학회 2004 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.19 No.2

Alcohol consumption and exposure to endocrine disruptors and industrial solvents have been implicated in impaired spermatogenesis, increase in the incidence of malformed sperm and decrease in the percentage of moving sperm. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the direct effects of some organic solvents(bisphenol A; BPA, dibutyl phthalate; DBP, formaldehyde; HCHO, dimethylsulphoxide; DMSO, ethanol) on mucus penetration distance, motility and survival rate of human sperm in vitro. Semen samples from 3 health subjects were prepared using swim-up method and 0.0005~0.5% organic solvents were added to the test medium. BPA, DBP, HCHO and DMSO produced significant decreases in the motility and survival rate with a different potency. The most potent inhibition of mucus penetration distance, motility and survival rate was observed after exposure to HCHO. A concentration of 0.0005% HCHO significantly inhibited sperm motility. When ethanol is added directly to sperm, at concentrations equivalent to that in serum after heavy drinking, these damaging effects were lowest compared with other solvents. Present study shows that each compound has different toxic potency to human sperm and we need special caution for the use of HCHO.

CMI와 THI에 의한 서울시내 개인택시 사업장에 근무하는 근로자의 신체적 자각증상에 관한 연구

손종렬,변상훈,김경은,최달웅 대한위생학회 2003 대한환경위생공학회지 Vol.18 No.4

This paper investigated Taxi drivers physical subjective symptoms and what factors were interviewed caused the symptoms. The 600 owning taxi-drivers in Seoul during four months from August 1st, 2003 to November 30th, 2003. 1. The average age of the owning taxi-drivers was generally quite high 54 years old. It was very high index compared with the Todai Health Index(THI) and Cornell Medical Index(CMI) of health check tables. 2. According to the age in THI health check table, the complains of mental subjective symptom by reason of age was high among 31 to 40 years old. People who belonged that age group showed high fabrication(L), digestion(C) and aggressiveness(F). The results showed the complains of mental subjective symptom. All items except tiredness(I), melancholia(N), and hypersensitivity(P) were commonly reported by people in their sixties. On the other hand, melancholia(N) and hypersensitivity(P), people in their forties were investigated highly. Statistically, the items of heart·blood stream(C) and digestion(D) systems were similar between the two ages, but anger(Q) was diferent. (p<0.05) 3. From the complains of mental and physical subjective symptoms about work satisfaction on the THI health check table, all items except eye·skin trouble(B) showed strong dissatisfaction. From the complains of mental and physical subjective symptoms about work satisfaction on the CMI health check table, the items of respiratory system(B), digestion(D), nervous system(G), miscellaneous(K), inadequancy(M), and anger(Q) showed similar results. Otherwise, heart·blood stream(C) showed statistically different. 4. From the complains of mental and physical subjective symptoms on salary satisfaction in the THI health check table, in the case of people receiving around 1 million won, the complains of physical symptoms showed high among all items except for the respiratory(A) and digestion(C) systems. The eye·skin trouble(B) item showed statistical similarity. The complains of mental and physical subjective symptoms according to a salary degiee on the CMI health check table was completely different from the above results. In people received around 1~l.5million won, all items except anxiety(O) showed high. The hypersensitiyity(P) item showed statistically different.