분별력 있는 색상 채널의 선택을 통한 두드러진 영역 검출

채영수(Young-Soo Chae),김현철(HyunCheol Kim),김회율(Whoi-Yul Kim) 한국방송·미디어공학회 2010 한국방송공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.7

본 논문에서는 분별력 있는 색상 채널 선택을 통한 두드러진 영역 검출 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법에서는 우선 분별력 있는 색상 채널의 선택을 위해 입력영상을 10개의 색상 채널로 변경하고, 각 채널을 Nx N 블록으로 나눈다. 그리고 각 채널에서 나누어진 N 블록을 외각 블록, 중앙 블록으로 선정하고 중앙-외각 블록간의 대비와 외각 블록의 표준편차 정보를 이용하여 색상 채널 경쟁을 한다. 색상 채널 경쟁을 통해 선별된 K개의 색상 채널을 이용하여 특징맵을 만들고 이를 조합하여 두드러진 맵을 얻는다. 실험에서는 제안된 방법을 총 1000장의 자연 영상에 적용하여 성능을 평가하였으며, 83%의 평균 정확도를 보임으로써 기존 방법들보다 성능이 뛰어남을 확인하였다.

Kyrle 병

채영수(Young Soo Chae),박만규(Man Kyu Park),서기석(Kee Suck Suh),김상태(Sang Tae Kim) 대한피부과학회 1989 대한피부과학회지 Vol.27 No.4

We report a case of Kyrles disease occuring in a 19-year-old man with chronic renal failure. The patient had multiple hyperkeratotic papules with central plug on the upper extremities, lower extremities and buttocks. Histopathological findings showed epidermal invagination filled with parakeratotic column and basophilic debris. Many dyskeratotic and vacuolated cells were present below the keratotic plug, and penetration of the parakeratotic column into the dermis was seen.

측방유동 판정기준의 적용성 연구

채영수(Chae, Young-Soo),문한중(Moon, Han-Joong),김대규(Kim Dae-Kyu) 한국산학기술학회 2006 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.7 No.2

본 연구에서는 배면성토에 의하여 발생하는 연약지반의 측방유통 판정기준을 평가하고 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 군장신항만 잔교구조물 현장의 측방유통을 계측하였으며, 계측결과와 판정기준을 비교, 분석하였다. 연구결과, 비배수강도로 표현되는 측방유통 한계하중, 일본 도로공단 측방이동지수, 일본 건설성 토목연구소 측방이통판정수, 한국 도로공사 수정 I 지수 등이 각 기준값보다 작은 값에서 측방유동이 발생하였다. In this paper, the criteria of the lateral displacement in soft soil due to embankment were evaluated. The lateral displacement was measured at a pier structure in a new harbor construction site, and the measurement was compared with the criteria. The results by the measurement such as the critical pressure causing lateral movement in terms of undrained strength, the lateral movement index by Japan Highway Co., the lateral displacement index by Japan Construction Ministry, the modified index by Korean Highway Co. were estimated to be lower than the respective index values.

대량의 UVA - 1과 UVA - 2가 생쥐 표피 Langerhans세포의 표면 표식자의 발현 및 접촉 지연 면역 반응에 미치는 영향

장민수 ( Min Soo Jang ),채영수 ( Young Soo Chae ),서기석 ( Kee Suck Suh ),김상태 ( Sang Tae Kim ) 대한피부과학회 1996 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.34 No.4

Background: It is knovn that Langerhans cells are damaged fuctionally and morphologically by UV irradiation. Recently, high-dose UVA-1 therapy (340-400nm) was introduced as an effective treatment of severe exacerbated atopic dermatitis. However, the effect of UVA-1 therapy on surface markers and function of epidermal Langerhans cells are still unclear. Objective : To determine whether a high dose UVA-1 irradiation affects cutaneous immune system, the effect of UVA-1 on the expression of ATPase and Ia antigen of mouse epidermal Langerhans cells and induction of contact hypersensitivity in mice skin were investigated and were compared to those of UVA-2. Methods : Balb/c mice were irradiated with 150J/cm and 300J/cm of UVA-1 and UVA-2 in a single dose at one time or 3 fractionated doses for 3 days. The number of Langerhans cells was evaluated using ATPase and immunoperoxidase-stained epidermal sheets. Balb/c mice were irradiated with same manner after induction of contact hypersensiyity by applying 0.5% oxazolone solution and the influence of UV irradiation was evaluated by measuring the ear swelling of mice. Results : 1. The expression of surface markers of Langerhans cells was not affected by 150J/cm and fractionated 300J/cm of UVA-1. However, single irradiation of 300J/cm of UVA-1 reduced signifi-cantly the expression of surface markers. The irradiation of UVA-2 induced more prominent reduction of the expression of surface markers compared to UVA-l. 2. Although the induction of contact hypersensitity was not inhibited in groups irradiated by single or fractionated 150J/cm of UVA-1, it was inhibited in groups irradiated with 300J/cm of UVA-1. The inhibition of contact hypersensitivity induction by UVA-2 irradiation was also more prominent than that by UVA-1. Conclusion : These results suggest that epidermal Langerhans cells could be damaged by high doses of UVA-1 and the damage of Langerhans cells by UVA-1 is weaker than that by UVA-2. (Kor J Dermatol 1996;34(4): 637-644)

Lymphoma en cuirasse

장민수,양준성,채영수,서기석,김상태 ( Min Soo Jang,Joon Sung Yang,Young Soo Chae,Kee Suck Suh,Sang Tae Kim ) 대한피부과학회 1997 대한피부과학회지 Vol.35 No.4

Lymphomatous involvement of the skin has been reported to occur in approximately 15% to 20% of patients with lymphoma and in 5% it constitutes the initial presentation of lymphoma. In 1986 Saekow et al. described a patient with a progressively enlarging, indurated lymphomatous plaque on the chest and upper abdominal region that had the shape of a breastplate. They used the term lymphoma en cuirasse. We report a case of lymphoma en cuirasse in a 71-year-old female. She had a well defined, erythematous, hard, indurated plaque on the neck and chest. On physical examination, the right supraclavicular, left inguinal and both axillary lymph nodes were palpable. A Bone marrow aspiration test, chest X-ray and cmputerized tomogram revealed bone marrow and lymph node involvement. Histopathologic examination of the involved skin showed that hyperchromatic and anaplastic lymphocytes were clensely packed in the dermis and subcutaneous fat. On immunohistochemical examination, the tumor cells were positive for the leukocyte common antigen and UCHL-1. We tried to treat the patient with combination chemotherapy, but she refused. After discharge, the patient died one week later. (Kor J Dermatol 1997;35(4): 794-797)

췌장 기능 부전증 환자에서 발생한 괴사 융해성 이동성 홍반 ( Necrolytic Migratory erythema )

장민수 ( Min Soo Jang ),김영진 ( Yeong Jin Kim ),채영수 ( Young Soo Chae ),서기석 ( Kee Suck Suh ),김상태 ( Sang Tae Kim ) 대한피부과학회 1996 대한피부과학회지 Vol.34 No.1

Necrolytic migratory erythema is a cutaneous reaction pattern with specific histopathologic features that is typically associated with a functioning pancreatic islet cell neoplasm such as a glucagonoma. However, cases without. glucagonoma have also been reported, such as, liver cirrhosis, chronic pancreatitis, celiac sprue etc. Other clinical features include anemia, glossitis and weight loss. We report a case of neccrolytic migratory erythema induced by a pancreatic insufficiency without glucagonoma. A 43-year-old male was seen at our department because of rnultiple erythematous, desquamative and erosive patches on the whole body for 1 month. He also had weight loss(25Kg) and stomatitis. Seven years previously he had a Whipple's procedure for a pancreatic head rupture. The laboratory data showed a low protein and zinc level, and high glucagon level. Histopathologic findings of the case showed epidermal edema and pallor, and superficial epiderrnal necrosis. The patient improved progressively after intravenous infusion of amino acids with a pancreatic enzyme supplementation. (Kor J Dermatol 1996;34(l): 166-170)

악성 흑색종과 멜라닌 세포성 모반의 bc1 - 2 단백의 발현 양상

김현철,김윤규,채영수,서기석,김상태 ( Hyun Cheol Kim,Yun Kyew Kim,Young Soo Chae,Kee Suck Suh,Sang Tae Kim ) 대한피부과학회 1997 대한피부과학회지 Vol.35 No.2

Background; The bcl-2 is a newly known oncogene involved in tumorigenisis by blocking apoptosis or programmed cell death. Overexpression of bcl-2 protein has been detected in a variety of human malignancies. However, recent studies of the expression of bcl-2 protein in human melanoma and melanocytic nevus have been controversial. Objective : The purpose of this study was to examine whether there are any differences in the expression of bcl-2 protein between melanocytic nevus and rnalignant melanoma. Methods : Immunohistochemical analysis of bcl-2 protein expression was performed on the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 22 melanocytic nevus and 29 malignant melanomas(20 primary and 9 metastatic) using anti bcl-2 monoclonal antibody with an avidin-biotin peroxidase complex procedure. Results : The results were as follows. 1. The positive rate for bcl-2 protein was observed in 95.4% (21/22) of melanocytic nevus and 95.0%(19/20) of primary malignant melanomas. Therefore, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the positive rate for bcl-2 prtoein. 2. The percentage of stained cells and the staining intensity of bcl-2 protein were significantly increased in melanocytic nevus compared to malignant melanoma(p<0.05). 3. The positive rate for bcl-2 expression of metastatic malignant melanoma[44.4% (4/9)] was significantly decreased compared to that of primary malignant melanoma[95.0%(19/20) ](p<0. 05). But, there was no significant difference betweeen tumor thickness and histological type of malignant, melanoma in the expression of bcl-2 protein. 4. In melanocytic nevus, immunoreactivity of bcl-2 protein gradually diminished or even disappeared towards the deep dermis Conclusion : the bcl-2 expression was decreased in malignant melanoma compared to melanocytic nevus. It. suggests that the loss of bcl-2 expression may play a significant role in the progression and metastasis of malignant melanoma. (Kor J Dermatol 1997;35(2): 284-291)

All - Trans - retinoic Acid와 Ursolic Acid가 배양된 인체 진피 섬유모세포에서 자외선 A 조사에 의한 AP - 1 ( Fos / Jun ) 활성도에 미치는 영향

김현철,양준성,채영수,서기석,김상태 ( Hyun Cheol Kim,Joon Sung Yang,Young Soo Chae,Kee Suck Suh,Sang Tae Kim ) 대한피부과학회 1997 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.35 No.6

Backgrpund : Recently, UVB irradiation was found to activat,e AP-1, which is known to be a major enhancer factor of the collagenase gene. However, tbe effect of UVA irradiation on the activity of AP 1 in derrnal fibroblasts is unclear. Although all trans-retinoic acid(tRA) has been known to prevent. the AP 1 and collagenase stimulatory effect of UVB irradiation, the effect of tRA and ursolic acid(UsA) on the enhancement of AP-1 activity hy UVA irradiat.ion is unknown. Objective : In this stuc y, the effect of UVA irradiation on the AP-1 activity in cultured human dermal fibroblasts was studied. The effect. of tRA and UsA on the enhancement of AP-1 act,ivity by UVA irradiation was also investigated. Methods : Confluent human dermal fibroblast.s were irradiated with 15J/cm of UVA. Drugs were administered and kept in a culture rnedia for 12 hrs before or immediately after UVA irra diation. Nuclear protein extracts were isolated 12 hrs after UVA irradiation and were subjected to gel retardation assay ising oligolabeled DNA probe for AP l binding site. Results : 1. The activity of AP -1 was increased by UVA irradiation and prominent activation was detected at 6 and 12 hrs postirradiation. 2. Compared to the UVA irradiated group, tRA and the high concentration(10-5M) of UsA administered before or al ter UVA irradiation inhibited the increase of AP-1 activity. Conclusion : These res ilts suggest that UVA irradiation enhance the AP-1 activity, which is known to be a major er hancer factor of the collagenase gene, and tRA and UsA dov,nregulate the 1JVA induced AP-l ctivit.y enhancement. (Korean J Dermatol 1997;35(6): 1136-1142)

방추세포 혈관내피세포종 ( Spindle Cell Hemangioendothelioma )

장준규,김현철,채영수,서기석,김상태 ( Jun Gyu Jang,Hyun Chul Kim,Young Soo Chae,Kee Suck Suh,Sang Tae Kim ) 대한피부과학회 1997 대한피부과학회지 Vol.35 No.2

Spindle cell hemangioendothelioma was first described in 1986 by Weiss and Enzinger as a low grade angiosarcoma resr mbling a cavernous hemangioma and kaposis sarcoma. Recently, it is suggested to be non neoplastic lesion or reactive process arising from pre-existing vascular mal- formation. We report a case of spindle cell hemangioendothelioma in a 9-month-old boy. He had multiple, variable sized, colorful, cutaneous or subcutaneous nodules on the forearm and hand. The tumor first appeared on the forearm as erythematous patches at birth and grew rapidly with- in 3 months. Histopatholgical findings showed that the lesion was composed of thin walled cavernous spaces mixed with spindle cells and occasional epithelioid endothelial cells containing intracytoplasmic vacuole. Most af the endothelial cells lining the cavernous spaces and intracytoplasmic lumina, were positive for factor VIII associated antigen. But the spindle cells were negative. Atypical vascular structures resembling arteriovenous shunts were noted around the tumor suggesting a reactive proliferation due to disturbance of local blood flow. Several turnors were excised. No recurrence has been recognized in the one year- follow-up period. (Kor J Dermatol 1997;35(2): 322-328)

Arbutin , Glycolic Acid , Kojic Acid 및 Pentadecenoic Acid가 in vitro 및 in vivo에서 UVB 조사에 의한 색소형성에 미치는 영향

김상태,서기석,채영수,엄상철 ( Sang Tae Kim,Kee Suck Suh,Young Soo Chae,Sang Cheul Eom ) 대한피부과학회 1994 대한피부과학회지 Vol.32 No.6

멜라닌 색소의 합성을 조절하는 정확한 기전은 확실치 않지만 유전적 요인 이외에 자외선이나 호르몬과 같은 여러 물리적, 화학적, 생리적 요인이 멜라닌 합성을 조절한다고 알려져 있다. 자외선 조사 후 멜라닌 색소의 증가는 주로 색소세포내 tyrosinase의 활성화와 활동성 멜라닌 세포 수의 증가에 기인한다. 한편 멜라닌 세포의 증식을 감소시키고 멜라닌 합성을 억제하는 화합물로는 hydroquinone, monobenzylether of hydroquinone과 같은 catechol과 phenol화합물이 알려져 있으며 vitamin A 유도체인 trans-retinoic acid와 포화 dicarboxylic acid인 azelaic acid 등도 멜라닌 세포의 증식과 멜라닌 합성을 억제한다고 보고된 바 있다. 최근 arbution(hydroquinone-β-D-glucopyranoside), glycolic acid(GA), kojic acid(KA) 및 pentadecenoic acid(PDA) 등의 색소형성 억제 작용이 제시되고 있다. 이 중 hydroquinone 유도체인 arbutin은 세포 독성이 약하나 색소 형성을 상당히 억제하여 악성 흑생종 세포에서 멜라닌 색소 형성을 저하시킨다는 것이 알려졌으며, 탈피술(chemical peeling)에 사용되고 있는 GA는 eumelanin 합성을 억제하는 vitamin C와 화학적 구조가 유사하므로 GA가 멜라닌 세포와 피부 색조에 영향을 미칠수 있을 것으로 생각되나 확실히 규명된 바 없다. KA[5-hydroxy-2(hydroxymethyl)-4-pyrone]는 구리 이온과 결합하여 tyrosinase의 활성도를 억제하고 dihydroxy indol caboxylic acid로의 전환을 억제함으로서 색소 형성을 저하시킨다고 하며, PDA는 다중부포화 지방산으로 premelanosome의 구조를 변화시키고 멜라닌 색소 중합체의 형성과 peroxidase 활성도를 억제하는 등의 기전으로 색소 형성을 저하시킨다고 추정되고 있다. Arbutine, KA 및 PDA가 흑색종 세포 배양에서 멜라닌 색소 형성을 저하시킨다는 것이 알려졌으나 이들 약물이 배양된 정상 인체 멜라닌 세포에 미치는 영향과 in vivo에서의 멜라닌 세포 수와 형태학적 변화에 미치는 영향은 아직 확실치 않다. 이에 저자들은 배양된 정상 인체 멜라닌 세포와 B-16 흑색종 세포 및 C57EL 흑색 생쥐 피부에 이들 약물을 투여하거나 도포하여 배양된 멜라닌 세포와 B-16 흑색종 세포에서는 세포 수와 멜라닌 양을 측정하고 C57BL 흑색 생쥐에서는 DOPA 염색을 시행하여 멜라닌 세포의 수적, 형태학적 변화를 관찰함으로서 UVB를 조사하지 않은 상태에서의 색소형성 억제 효과를 알아 보고자 하였다. 그리고 배양된 멜라닌 세포와 B-16 흑색종 세포 C57BL 흑색 생쥐 피부 및 인체 피부에 각각 UVB를 조사한 후 이들 약물을 투여하여 UVB 조사에 의한 색소형성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 본 연구를 시행하였다. Background:Melanin pigmentation palys a major role in normal skin color. The rates of melanin synthesis by melanocytes appear to be regulated by ultraviolet-B UVB) rediation and chemicals, though the precise mechanisms modulating human epidermal pigmentation are unknown. Several chemicals including arbutin, kojic acid(KA), pentadecen?ic acid(PDA) and glycolic acid(GA) have been suggested as a melanogenesis inhibitory compounds because of their chemical or biological similarities with hydroquinone or their tyrosinase inhibitory effcet. Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of arbutin, GA, KA and PDA on UV-induced melanogenesis in the in vitro and in vivo pigmentary system. Methods:Cultured normal melanocytes and B-16 melanoma cells, and C57BL mice and human volunteers were used for in vitro and in vivo studies respectively. They were administered to UVB irradiated or nonirradiated cultured normal human melanocytes, and B-16 melanoma cells. For the in vivo study, these chemicals were topically applied to C57BL mice and human ?olunteer skin after UVB irradiation. Numeric and morphologic changes and melanin content were measured in cultured normal human melanocytes and B-16 melanoma cells. In the C57BL mice, numeric and morphologic changes of split-DOPA stained melanocytes were assessed. In the human volunt?rs, gross pigementary changes wre evaluated. Results 1. The number and melanin content of cultured melanocytes initially decreased after UVB-irradiation, but the melanin content increased 5 days after irradiation. 2. Cell numbers of irradiated or nonirradiated cultured human melanocytes decreased in arbutin(10^-3M), KA(10^-3M, 10^-5M), PDA(10^-3M) groups. Those of the cultured B-16 mealnoma cells decreased only in the arbutin(10^-3M) group after UVB irradiation. 3. Melanin contents of cultured human melanocytes decreased in crbutin(10^-3M, 10^-5M), KA(10^-3M, 10^-5M) and PDA(10^-3M) groups. Those of cultured B-16 melanon a cells decreased in arbutin(10^-3M, 10^-5M) groups after UVB-irradiation or nonirradiation. 4. The number of split-DOPA(+) melanocytes decreased in the groups ?reated with KA 1% for 3,5 and 7 weeks, KA 0.1%, arbutin 3%, arbutin 5% for 5and 7 qwwks and PDA 5.0% for 7 weeks in the C57BL mice. 5. The number of split-DOPA(+) melanocytes decreased in the groups ?reated with KA 1.0%, PDA 5.0%, arbutin 3% and arbutin 5% for 5 and 7 weeks and KA 0.1% for 7 weeks in UVB irradiated C57BL mice. 6. Visible inhibition of UVB-induced hyperpigmentation was observed in arbutin applied sites in 4 of the 6 volunteers 3 weeks after the application. GA did not show an inhibitory effect on UVB-induced hyperpigmentation in all subjects. Conclusion:Arbutin, KA, PDA had a suppressive effect on ? of nonirradiated melanocytes and melanoma cells as well as UVB-induced hyperpigmentation. It is suggested that these drugs might be candidates as compounds that may control hyperpigmentary disorders.(Kor J Dermatol 1994;32(6):977~989)