진통제 임상시험 가이드라인

주정흔,김미조,박재현,김호정,이선희,최기환 한국에프디시규제과학회(구 한국에프디시법제학회) 2016 FDC법제연구 Vol.11 No.2

인공지능 기반 맞춤형 교육의 실제와 쟁점

주정흔 교육비평 2023 교육비평 Vol.- No.52

Various policies and material inputs are becoming a reality as expectations for individual adaptive learning through AI technology are rising, led by the government and the education office. Technology itself does not change society, but it changes society according to what purpose it sets and what changes it expects for technology. As changes in the public education field are beginning, a careful review of the ripple effect of AI technology is needed. This study uses the experiences of school sites and parties where AI technology is accepted as a starting point for discussion to urge the need for social dialogue and discussion on AI-based individual customized education. Accordingly, five issues were presented, focusing on the reality found in two policy studies conducted focusing on the context and reality in which AI individual customized education is accepted in the school field. : 1) Does AI courseware, an individual customized learning tool, satisfy the emotional rationality of teachers and students? 2) What are the technical characteristics of AI individual customized tools currently in use? Does the technology meet our ideals? 3) What learning does data-driven customized learning guarantee us? 4) Does AI courseware contribute to customized education for students subject to basic learning, multiculturalism, and special education from general students? 5) How does the role of teacher appear in the use of AI courseware? Like the recent advent of Chat GPT, new technologies are guiding us to a new world that we have never experienced before and urging us to use them. However, despite the surprise of the development of artificial intelligence technology, what should not be missed is the direction through constant questions. Among the numerous questions, the first priority is to ask whether “The” education using artificial intelligence technology is really helpful to students.

연구논문 : 3T3 세포를 이용한 광독성 대체시험법 확립

주정흔 ( Jung Hun Ju ),이용경 ( Yong Kyoung Lee ),손경희 ( Kyung Hee Son ),이정표 ( Jeong Pyo Lee ),김진호 ( Jin Ho Kim ),임채형 ( Chae Hyung Lim ),홍순근 ( Soon Keun Hong ),권태린 ( Tae Rin Kwon ),장미 ( Mi Chang ),김동섭 ( Dong 한국동물실험대체법학회 2010 동물실험대체법학회지 Vol.4 No.1

Phototoxicity is an acute toxic response induced by skin irradiation after the systemic or local administration of a chemical and subsequent exposure to light. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate phototoxicity of chemicals or products that are applied to the skin. Although the previous studies on the assessment of phototoxicity have been done using animals, it is necessary to establish alternative test methods, as EU ban animal-tested cosmetic ingredients or products. In vitro 3T3 NRU PT is an alternative method for identification of phototoxicity hazard chemicals as it compares cytotoxicity between UV irradiation and non-irradiation groups. Accordingly the accumulated information of phototoxicity assessment and its data has been found to be insufficient in Korea. Thus, we tested ten phototoxic and three non-phototoxic chemicals, and assessed two UV filter ingredients using in vitro 3T3 NRU PT mehtod. As a result, we identified that this method can be used to predict phototoxicity of chemicals. However, Eusolex 9020, UVA filter ingredient, was misclassified in vitro as a false positive compared with in vivo result. It suggests that other adequate test methods should be accompanied in order to enhance accuracy of phototoxicity prediction.

즐거운 수업에 대한 교사의 인식과 실천에 관한 내러티브 탐구

주정흔 ( Jung Heun Joo ) 한국교육인류학회 2010 교육인류학연구 Vol.13 No.3

‘즐거움’은 다양한 방식과 강도로 느껴지는 긍정적인 강정의 연속선으로 인간 활동의 핵심적 가치 중 하나이다. 수업상황에서 즐거움은 단순히 수업에서 교사와 학생들이 경험하는 정서적 상태 이상의 의미를 함의한다. 즐거운 수업은 수업상황과 수업과정으로부터 ‘생겨나는’ 일종의 수업분위기와 관련된 것으로, 정성적 요인을 첨가하거나 방법적 선택을 통해 만들어지는 것이 아니며, 특정한 형식으로 고정되어있지 않다. 즐거운 수업은 유동적이며 개별성을 특수성을 지니며, 당사자의 수업 활동에 대한 반성적이고 고백적인 성찰을 통해 구체화되고 의미화 될 수 있을 뿐이다. 본 연구는 학생들의 성공적인 배움을 돕는 조건을 창출하는 중요한 지점이라는 점에서 즐거운 수업에 대한 ‘교사의 인식과 실천’에 초점을 맞추었다. 이는 수업 경험에 대한 교사들의 내러티브를 ‘즐거움’이라는 렌즈를 통해 성찰함으로서 즐거운 수업의 의미를 구체화하고 교육적인 이해를 모색해가는 과정이라는 점에서 의미를 갖는다. 참여자들에게 있어 교사 개인의 교육적 지향과 관련된 인식과 신념은 수업상황에서 나타나는 학생들의 수업행위에 대해 각기 다른 이해를 가져오면서 각기 다른 교사 고유의 수업 스타일을 만들어내고 있었다. 특히 ‘지식다움’과 ‘교육다움’에 대한 교실의 신념체계에 따라 즐거운 수업은 또 다른 수업딜레마를 형성하느 지점이 되기도 하였다. ‘Enjoyment’ an extension of positive emotions felt in various ways and intensity, is one of the essential values of human activities. The enjoyment in a class situation implies more than just emotional status, which a teacher and students experience during class. An enjoyable class is related to a kind of a class climate ‘arising’ out of a situation and process of the class, which is not formed by adding emotional factors or methodological options, and at the same time is not fixed by a particular format. An enjoyable class, which is not only flexible but also individually unique, can be actualized and have significance only with reflective and confessional introspection. This study focuses on ‘teacher’s awareness and practice’ of an enjoyable class with the premise that an enjoyable class is significant in creating conditions for facilitating successful learning for students. Another significance of this study is that it tries to actualize the meaning of an enjoyable class, which is a journey to pursue educational meanings by reflecting the teacher`s narrative of class experience through the lens of ‘enjoyment.’ How the enjoyable class for participants were understood by the research participants determined the outcome of the class influenced largely by the teacher`s belief system of ‘knowledge-in-itself’ and ‘education-in-itself.’ Sometimes such a consequential awareness can create another dilemma in class situations.

In vitro 아토피 피부염 유발 검색시험법 연구

주정흔 ( Jung Hun Ju ),임채형 ( Chae Hyung Lim ),김진호 ( Jin Ho Kim ),이정표 ( Jeong Pyo Lee ),손경희 ( Kyung Hee Son ),홍순근 ( Soon Keun Hong ),권태린 ( Tae Rin Kwon ),장미 ( Mi Chang ),김동섭 ( Dong Sup Kim ),윤혜성 ( Hae Seo 한국동물실험대체법학회 2010 동물실험대체법학회지 Vol.4 No.1

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common pruritic disease and its incidence is increasing in infancy and childhood. AD is characterized by extreme pruritus and chronically relapsing inflammations and prevalence of AD has increased in recent years, but its exact etiology is unclear. Antigen-induced release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells causes the immediate symptoms of IgE-mediated allergic diseases, including allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and atopic eczema. Mast cells rapidly release various allergic mediators, including histamine, cytokines that mediated acute and chronic allergic reaction. Since mast cells play a central role in the pathogenesis of various allergic diseases, we investigated the effect of exposure to 18 chemicals on the IgE-mediated allergic response in mast cells. We use two type of mast cells (RBL-2H3 cells, BMMC) to investigate the effects of chemicals on degranulation and cytokine production. Geraniol and formaldehyde significantly induced IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus allergen 1(DP) and dermatophagoides farinae allergen 1(DF) also induced degranulation without statistically significance. Also, we showed that release of IL-1β, IL-6 and GM-CSF was increased by treatment of geraniol. Also, We found that DP and DF induced release of IL-1β, IL-6, GM-CSF and TNF-α. These results suggest that in vitro method using mast cells degranulation and allergic cytokine secretion assay are useful for screening of atopic dermatitis trigger.

3T3 세포를 이용한 광독성 대체시험법 확립

주정흔 ( Jung Hun Ju ),이용경 ( Yong Kyoung Lee ),손경희 ( Kyung Hee Son ),이정표 ( Jeong Pyo Lee ),김진호 ( Jin Ho Kim ),임채형 ( Chae Hyung Lim ),홍순근 ( Soon Keun Hong ),권태린 ( Tae Rin Kwon ),장미 ( Mi Chang ),김동섭 ( Dong 한국동물실험대체법학회 2010 동물실험대체법학회지 Vol.4 No.1

Phototoxicity is an acute toxic response induced by skin irradiation after the systemic or local administration of a chemical and subsequent exposure to light. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate phototoxicity of chemicals or products that are applied to the skin. Although the previous studies on the assessment of phototoxicity have been done using animals, it is necessary to establish alternative test methods, as EU ban animal-tested cosmetic ingredients or products. In vitro 3T3 NRU PT is an alternative method for identification of phototoxicity hazard chemicals as it compares cytotoxicity between UV irradiation and non-irradiation groups. Accordingly the accumulated information of phototoxicity assessment and its data has been found to be insufficient in Korea. Thus, we tested ten phototoxic and three non-phototoxic chemicals, and assessed two UV filter ingredients using in vitro 3T3 NRU PT mehtod. As a result, we identified that this method can be used to predict phototoxicity of chemicals. However, Eusolex 9020, UVA filter ingredient, was misclassified in vitro as a false positive compared with in vivo result. It suggests that other adequate test methods should be accompanied in order to enhance accuracy of phototoxicity prediction.

마이크로어레이 기술을 활용한 자외선 차단제의 주름생성 억제 연구

주정흔 ( Jung Hun Ju ),이종권 ( Jong Kwon Lee ),손경희 ( Kyung Hee Sohn ),임채형 ( Chae Hyung Lim ),홍순근 ( Soon Keun Hong ),김정래 ( Jung Rae Kim ),옥소원 ( So Won Ock ),김진호 ( Jin Ho Kim ),김인영 ( In Young Kim ),김승희 ( Seu 한국동물실험대체법학회 2008 동물실험대체법학회지 Vol.2 No.1

Ultraviolet(UV) irradiation damages skin and causes premature skin aging (photoaging) characterized by thickening, rough texture, coarse wrinkles and mottled pigmentation. A number of genes have been reported to be involved in the response to UV irradiation. However, these data are concentrated on a limited number of well-known genes and consequently limited in scope. Microarray technology has greatly facilitated the study of differential gene expression and allowed large-scale determination of gene expression changes associated with tissue changes and tumor formation. In the skin, microarrays have previously been used to study the basal gene expression that are sensitive or resistant to skin aging, and to examine differential gene expressions associated with the effects of UV irradiation. Many investigations have attempted to clarify the mechanisms induced by chronic UV irradiation, but the cellular and molecular events are not fully understood. To identify differential gene expressions associated with the effects of UV and sunscreen agent, we performed cDNA microarray analysis. We evaluated the differentially expressed gene profiles in UV-induced wrinkle and inhibitory effect of topical application of sunscreen agent on the formation of UVB-induced wrinkle. We identified functional gene sets including those involved in extracellular matrix, signaling, immunity and defense. There were significant changes of the gene expression in the mmp-13, laminin(beta), procollagen, ccl3, ccl4, cxcl10, ccl9, p16, caspase 9 etc. in the skin irradiation with UV.

대화모임을 통한 부모-되기 과정에 관한 사례연구

문소라,고장완,주정흔 인하대학교 교육연구소 2022 교육문화연구 Vol.28 No.6

본 연구의 목적은 한 대화모임을 통한 참여자들의 부모-되기 과정과 그 교육적 의미를 탐색하는 것이다. 이를 위해한 대화모임을 대상으로 질적 사례연구를 수행하였다. 연구 현장은 다섯 아버지들과 미혼 여자 구성원 한 명으로 구성된 한 대화모임이며, 연구 참여자는 다섯 아버지들로 설정하였다. 참여관찰, 심층면담, 현지자료조사의 질적 연구방법을 활용하여 자료를 수집하였고, 부호화 및 범주화를 기초로 자료를 분석 및 해석하였다. 연구 결과, 참여자들의 부모-되기는 ‘허물기-만들기-대화와 현실 사이의 순환적 과정’이었다. 그들은 자녀에게 방향성을 제시하기 위해 고민하는 과정에서 그들의 관점과 사회의 기준을 ‘허물었다’. 그러나 모임의 대화와 현실을 오가며 그들은 허물고 만들기를반복해갔다. 참여자들의 체험은 자녀만을 위하여 살게 되는 것이 아니라, 자녀를 통하여 더 나은 나로 성장하는 부모되기였다. 이를 통해 첫째, 대화의 교육적 의미를 도출하였다. 그들의 대화는 실존적 대화로, 자녀와 자신의 더 나은삶을 “궁리하는” 경험을 가능하게 하였다. 둘째, 형식적 교육 밖에서도 부모로서의 ‘더 나음’을 추구할 수 있는 교육적가능성을 시사하였다

미국대학의 교양교육과정 비교 분석: 2002년 미국 Top 10 National Universities를 중심으로

한신일,권영신,주정흔 한국비교교육학회 2003 比較敎育硏究 Vol.13 No.1

본 연구는 2002년도 ‘U. S. News & World Report'지에 발표된 미국의 ’Top 50 Best National Universities' 중 상위 10개 대학(동 순위로 인해 11개 대학)을 선정하여 이들 대학의 교양교육과정을 비교·분석하였다. 그 결과를 바탕으로 국내 대학의 교양교육과정 개선 연구에 관련된 전문가와 행정가들이 합리적인 의사결정을 이루어 낼 수 있도록 의미있는 기초자료를 제공하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 미국 대학의 교양교육과정의 이념과 목표를 살펴봄으로써 교양교육의 내용과 방법적 원리로서의 자유교육의 이념이 어떻게 구현되는지 고찰한다. 그리고 11개 미국대학의 교양교육과정을 영역별로 비교하고 그 내용적 특징을 분석한다. 이와 함께 미국대학 방문을 통해 수집된 자료를 바탕으로 교양교육과정의 운영사례를 간략히 소개한다.

BrdU 면역조직화학염색을 이용한 국소 림프절 시험법(Local Lymph node assay) 연구

이종권 ( Jong Kwon Lee ),주정흔 ( Jung Hun Ju ),김정래 ( Jung Rae Kim ),손경희 ( Kyung Hee Sohn ),김진호 ( Jin Ho Kim ),김인영 ( In Young Kim ),전은영 ( Eun Young Jun ),김승희 ( Seung Hee Kim ),박귀례 ( Kui Lea Park ) 한국동물실험대체법학회 2007 동물실험대체법학회지 Vol.1 No.1

Allergic contact dermatitis (skin sensitization) may be caused by a wide variety of chemicals. A murine local lymph node assay(LLNA) has been developed as an alternative to guinea pig models for assessing the contact sensitization potential of chemical. This study was carried out to evaluate the skin sensitization potential for chemicals in Balb / c mice by LLNA. A murine local lymph node assay(LLNA) has been developed as an alternative to guinea pigs for contact sensitization potential. This study was carried out to investigate the skin sensitization potential of four allergenic chemicals, strong allergen, p-phenylenediamine (PPD), moderate allergen, cinnamaldehyde, and isoeugenol, and weak allergen, citral, by LLNA using a non-radioistopic endpoint. Female Balb/c mice were exposed topically to PPD, cinnamaldehyde, isoeugenol, and citral following LLNA protocol. Lymph node (LN) weight and cell proliferation in ears and auricular lymph node using bromode- oxyuridine (BrdU) immunohistochemistry were evaluated. Skin reactions, consisting of increased ear thickness and the presence of inflammatory infiltrates, were observed in mice treated with PPD, cinnamaldehyde, and isoeugenol compared to the vehicle control. The relative weight of the lymph nodes in the mice treated with four allergen were increased compared to vehicle control. The SI values in lymph nodes of the mice exposed to 10% PPD and 30% isoeugenol were increased more than threefold compared with that of the control. The SI values of the chemicals showed the comparative strength of proliferation in lymph node as following order of PPD>cinnamaldehyde>isoeugenol>citral. These results suggest that the measurement of the SI in lymph node using BrdU immunohistochemistry could provide a useful method to screen the allergenic potential of chemicals.