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      • 朝鮮王朝時代의 人事關係法典에 關한 硏究

        丁時寀 건국대학교 1981 論文集 Vol.13 No.1

        The first king of Yi Dynasty emphasized the national government based upon the legalism to establish a social climate of people's observance of legal regulations. He, therefore, set up a legislative organization on the twenty-sixth of December of the seventh year of his reign, inspiring the institute to promulgate the Six Codes of Economic Laws. Many of the kings since then tried to codify the national regulations which mostly dealt with human relations. Codes of laws about human relations in the Dynasty can be divided into two sorts; such basic codes as Six Codes of Economic Laws, Code of National Administration, Code of Additional Laws, Integrated Collection of Codes of Laws ("Daejontongpyon") and Whole Codes of Laws ("Daejonhoetong"), and some supplementary codes involving "Sugyojiblok", "Jonloktonggo" and "Yangjonpyongo". Codes relevant to human relations in Yi Dynasty haute the following three characteristics: 1) The philosophy and intentions of preceding kings were sustained and respected in making laws. In those days, it was generally recognized that not only the amendment of existing laws but the enactment of new laws were to throw the existing legal order Into confusion and to make the people disbelieve their government. As a result the compilation of code of laws during the period of Yi Dynasty meant only the recording and arrangement of temporary regulations, not the enactment of newer ones. 2) The contents of laws and regulations were not considered for the benefits of the common citizens but government institutions and officials. 3) Many of regulations were established in order to maintain and strengthen the despotic go-vernment, not to meet the increased administrative demand.

      • 朝鮮王朝時代의 人事考課制度에 關한 硏究

        丁時采 건국대학교 1980 論文集 Vol.11 No.1

        Yi Dynasty was an absolute bureaucratic nation with bureaucratic systems more strengthened than ever before. Therefore, there was 3 relnarkable progress in establishing all the institutions required for the effective bureaucratic administration. It is quite particular that the merits evaluation system for personnel management was as systematic, scientific and rational as a modern one. In such a connection, this thesis attempts to provide some ideas for the improvement of modern merit rating methods for personnel administration by studying and researching on the merits evaluation system of Yi Dynasty. The merits evaluation was firstly undertaken according to the Merits Evaluation Law(考課法) promulgated in the first year of King Taejo's reign of Yi Dynasty, and had been gradually systematized since THE CODE OF LAWS FOR NATIONAL(經國大典) ADMINIS-TRATION had been published during King Seongjong's reign. The CODE sags that the merits evaluation system was majorly composed of merit rating and Popyum. (포貶) The former was based upon the evaluation of officials' efficiency in their service, and the latter was to promote, transfer or dismiss the officials in accordance with the result of merit rating. This thesis deals with an introduction to the merits evaluation of Yi Dynasty, some details about institutionalized evaluation systems, and then descriptions about Popyum System and some conclusions. The introduction comprises with the purpose of study, scope of study and reference informations. The chapter of evaluation systems reveals the regulations and guidelines for public service, office requirements for and periods of service of local officials, etc. The study on the agencies, methods and standards of reflection of evaluation results makes another chapter. The conclusion renders how to apply the study findings in the present personnel administrative systems by illustrating merits and demerits of the personnel merit rating systems of Yi Dynasty.

      • 朝鮮王朝時代의 科學制度硏究

        丁時采 건국대학교 1979 論文集 Vol.10 No.1

        The purpose of the thesis lies in grasping the basic characteristics and contents of the bureaucratic system of Yi Dynasty by studying and analizing the context of public examinations of the dynasty. The thesis is composed of types, applicants' qualifications, procedures of the public examination, and the treatment of successful applicants together with preface and conclusion. The public examination was classified into three types such as civil service examination, military service examination, and technical service examinaiton. The public examinations were undertaken in two ways. The ordinary examination named "Siknyonsi" was periodically given every three years, while the special examination was provided on the occasion of national happy events or in temporary need of additional officials. The eligibility to undergo the public examination was not given to everybody but to some specific clashes. Particularly those who belonged to upper classes named "Yangban" were only qualified to apply for the examination :or civil service. The number of the recruited was 33 in case of the ordinary examination, but not fixed in case of the special examination. Since the public examination was a kind of qualifying examination, the successful applicants for the civil or military service examinations were qualified to get the status of the junior grade of 5th to 9th rank and those for the technical service examination to gain the status of the junior grade of 8th to 9th rank. The public examination system made great contribution to the establishment of centralized bureaucratic government arid the selection of able officials. However, even the political turmoil was caused by so many officials recruited through the public examination, and the subjects that stressed poems and compositions too much led to the fostering formalism of learning.

      • 급성 철분 중독으로 인한 위 손상 1예

        이진선,현석,정우철,김성수,송호진,최승호,권정아,전대형,이창돈,최규용,정인식,선희식,정시,최경호 대한소화기내시경학회 2002 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.24 No.2

        Iron is a kind of corrosive agent. Iron overdose causes gastrointestinal complication such as mucosal ulceration, bleeding, intestinal perforation and may occur metabolic acidosis, hepatic dysfunction, hepatic failure, renal failure and cardiomyopathy. Delayed sequalae including gastric outlet obstruction develops 4 to 6 weeks after ingestion. The determination of serum iron and TIBC is an important factor in ascertaining the toxic potential in acute iron ingestion and more is the amount of ingested elemental iron, greater is a patient's toxicity. Supportive care is most important and patients who have severe symptom and abnormal vital sign should be treated with deferoxamine. We report the case that a 20-year-old pregnant female (33 weeks gestation) who had visited complaining of gastrointestinal symptom with iron overdose state was administrated with deferoxamine, therefore we removed iron loads within stomach with endoscopic suction and observed multiple gastric erosion with much old iron in endoscopic findings. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2002;24:88-91) 철분은 위장관에 직접적인 부식제로 작용하며 과량 복용 시에 구토, 설사, 복통 등의 위장관 증상 및 장 천공, 점막 궤양, 출혈 등의 위장관 합병증과 대사적 산증, 간기능 장애, 간부전, 신부전, 심근증 등이 생길 수 있고 약 4~6주 후의 지연형의 합병증으로 위 배출구 협착, 폐쇄 등이 나타날 수 있다. 철분 중독은 임상적인 진단으로 보존적 치료가 가장 중요하고 위장관 증상이 중증 이상으로 심하거나 이상 생체 활력 증후가 있을 때는 철분의 킬레이트 제제(chelating agent)인 디페록사민을 투여한다. 저자 등은 자살 목적으로 과량의 철분을 먹고 구역질, 상복부 통증, 설사 등의 위장관 증상을 호소하며 내원한 20세 임신 33주의 환자에게 수액과 디페록사민을 투여하고 위내시경을 시행하여 위 내의 철분 침착물을 제거하고 다발성 위미란과 철분 침착 등의 급성 위 손상 소견을 관찰하였고 급성의 합병증 없이 회복하였던 예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

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