小癡 許鍊의 교유를 통해 본 호남의 茶脈 연구

정서경(Seo-Kyeong Jeong) 한국차학회 2010 한국차학회지 Vol.16 No.3

The tea culture which had been barely succeeded by some monks and writers since the middle of the Joseon Dynasty was prevalent again in the 19th century and the tea in the latter of the Joseon Dynasty flourished with Honam as the center. This study focused on the transmission of the tea culture in Honam and the tea culture spirit connecting the man and space-time through the central figures and how the Honam region developed the restoration of the tea culture from the middle of the Joseon Dynasty amid a society growing chaotic to the modern times. I chose Heo, Ryun as a central figure because I think he is not only the one who bridged the latter of the Joseon Dynasty and the modern times but also he is a focal figure of the paintings and writings in the 19th century. Also Heo, Ryun was loved by a king, Heonjong, and he made name for himself as the most recognized painter under the Kim, Jeong hee who was dubbed“a master of the artists”. Heo, Ryun had a wide social intercourse with celebrities such as Heungseon Daewongun, Lee Ha-eung, Kwon Don-in, Shin Gwan-ho, Jeong Hak-yeon, Jeong Hak-yu, Min young-ik and the artists under the Kim Jeong-hee. Moreover it was unusual for other painters to leave enormous records showing the situations from miscellaneous affairs in the country to the upper classes in Seoul. Studying Sochi Heo, Ryun as a figure who revived the tea culture in Honam with this social intercourse is shedding light on the tea culture and it will be a very meaningful work to see the tea culture in Honam as the staging ground of Sochi Heo, Ryun through the paintings and the tea culture in the latter of the Joseon Dynasty. I have worked that the tea played a leading part to connect the art and the culture through the social intercourse among literary men in Honam. Honam was the art and culture stage with the tea and the painting and Daedunsa, Dasanchodang, Nokudang with Hanam as a center had the tea and the lettes, and the poem and the writings. Sochi is the central figure in Honam painting circles and he also forms the tea vein leading to Uijae Heo, Back-ryun.

조선시대 차 전승의 세시풍속

정서경(Jeong Seo-Kyeong) 한국차학회 2011 한국차학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Tea seasonal customs in the literatures and the tea poems have a very wide folk phenomenon of the tea culture. They also include the knowledge of private life related to the private life, the close tea culture, and the customs which were popular only among noblemen with the tea poem compilers. The tea culture with the times and seasons has shown the subjects of the tea culture and people enjoying that in those days, and also a source problem and relationships with China. The meaning of these seasonal customs has appeared in the tea-men who enjoyed the tea and the tea culture. It also shows the period of the time which picked the tea leaves and the culture of seasonal customs that made the various tea names and drank the tea. Refer to the chart of the seasonal customs with the tea seats. The tea seasonal customs through the analysis have expressed the circular tea customs of the four seasons, the cham against evils, the good fortune and as the folk remedies. They have also shown the tea customs with the enjoyment of the seasonal tea fragrance and the color, the tea seat customs with the nature, and the poems of choosing good period for tea tasting. There are some records such as making the tea with cinnamon trees and ranking the tea quality of the areas. The various customs from making the tea to tasting the tea are in the literature and they show the root of the folk transmission.

초의차의 제다법 고찰

정서경(Jeong, Seo-kyeong) 고려대학교 한국학연구소 2016 한국학연구 Vol.59 No.-

본 연구에서는 초의차의 제다법을 고찰하고자 한다. 초의차는 우리차의 근간이며 한국차가 지속적인 차의 기능으로 전승되어 온 정체성을 고스란히 드러내고 있기때문 이다. 그런 이유로 1970년대 이후 활발하게 논의되고 있는 차문화 연구의 가장 큰 고는 늘 초의차였다. 그래서 초의차의 연구는 현재까지 가장 빈번하게 이루어져 왔으며 가장 많이 사용된 키워드로 대표되고 있다. 그것을 우리는 크게 뭉뚱그려서 ‘전통차’ 또는 ‘덖음차’라는 말로 표현했다. 말하자면 그 속내는 ‘초의차’인데 그것을 크게 아우르는 개념으로 상위 두 개의 키워드를 전면에 내세웠던 것이다. 거대담론으로 부상하게 된 것이다. 역으로 말하면 초의차의 원형이 아직도 명징하게 밝혀지지 않았다는 반증이기도 하다. 그렇기에 급기야는 ‘한국 차문화의 발전방향’이나 ‘한국 전통차의 산업화 방안’ 같은 基調(기조)가 등장하게 된 것이 작금의 현실이다. 이것은 차의 생산과 가공을 담당하는 생산자단체, 차의 음다와 향유층을 점유하는 차인단체, 차의 과학과 차문화를 연구하는 학자층 모두가 책임져야 할 미션이며 급선무다. 한국차의 정체성이 흔들리고 있다는 중론이 대두되고 있는 중차 대한 시점에서 차문화계 바운더리에 모든 구성원들의 각성이 필요할 때다. 그래서 본 연구는 현재까지 진행된 초의차 연구를 정리해 보았다. 초의차는 문헌기록에 남은 몇몇 자료들에 의해 천착되었다. 그러나 제다법이 명징하게 드러나지 않았다. 제다 기술의 전수라고 하기에는 제다 용어의 나열이나 전개에서 그치고 있다는 것이다. 그렇기때문에 제다법의 연구가 더딘 이유였을 것으로 판단된다. 하여 필자는 문헌기록으로 국한된 제다법으로 우리 전통차를 천착하기에는 매우 어려운 난제가 있다고 판단하였다. 초의가 주석했던 대둔사를 초의차 제다의 공간으로 설정하고 대둔사 주변의 현장조사를 실시하였다. 아직도 현장은 과거를 고증할 수 있는 담보이고, 통로였다. 대둔사를 중심으로 일제강점기이후 당시 사하촌을 이루고 살았던 당시 제다인들과 후손들의 구술조사를 병행하였다. 이들은 초의-범해-원응-응송으로 이어지는 대둔사의 제다법을 기억하고 같은 방법으로 초의차를 만들고 있다. 초의차는 조선 후기차문화 중흥을 거쳐 근 · 현대로 이어지는 차문화 부흥기에 산 증인들이다. 차문화 전승의 현장에서 생생한 제다법과 전승 맥락을 진술하였다. 필자는 이러한 현장 조사를 중심으로 문헌기록과 비교 · 대조 하면서 초의차의 제다법을 정리하였다. 이는 현대로 이어지는 전승적 가치와 우리차의 오롯한 재현 그리고 미래의 차문화 전략적 차원에서 활용 등에 큰 메시지를 전달하리라고 확신한다. The study investigated manufacturing method of Choui tea. Choui tea is a root of Korean traditional tea and fully shows identity of Korean tea transmitted continuously. For the reason, Choui tea has been most frequently studied among studies on tea culture which has been active since 1970s. Choui tea is now a representative key word used most. Grouping it, they are expressed as ‘traditional tea’ or ‘roasted tea’. As it were, its real state is ‘Choui tea’ but as a concept to largely cover, two top concepts were suggested. It has been risen as a large discourse. Reversely, it is counterevidence that prototype of Choui tea has not been revealed clearly. Eventually, keynotes like ‘Development direction of Koran tea culture’ or ‘Plan for industrialization of Korean traditional tea’ appeared. This would be mission for manufacturers of tea, body of people who like to drink tea, scholars to study tea, for which they are responsible. This is also most urgent business. In this critical time when majority opinion says that identity of Korean traditional tea is thrilled, awakening by people included to boundary of tea cultural circle is needed. Therefore, the study organized existing studies on Choui tea. Choui tea has been studied with a few extant records. But manufacturing method had not been known clearly. It has not been enough to instruct technology for manufacturing tea because it has limitation that terminologies were listed or developed only. So study on manufacturing tea was slow. The author thought that it would be difficult to inquire into our traditional tea only with manufacturing method shown on documentary records. The study set Daedoon temple as a space for manufacturing Choui tea and conducted site survey in around Daedoon temple Choi stayed Daedoon temple. Site was still guarantee and passage to investigate the past. Interview was made with tea lovers of then times who lived in village near Daedoon temple after Japanese colonial period and their descendents. They remembered manufacturing method for tea done in Daedoon temple which had been passed down from Choui through Beomhae, Woneung to Eungsong. And they have made Choui tea in the same way. They are live witnesses in the renaissance times of tea culture in the modern times through late Chosun when tea culture was revived. The study described vivid manufacturing method for tea and transmission context in the site of transmission of tea culture. The author organized manufacturing method for Choui tea, comparing with documentary records together with site survey. So it is assured that the study can deliver large message in the transmission value passed down to modern times, complete reproduction of our own tea, and strategic dimension for tea culture in the future.

민간신앙으로서의 茶의 기능 연구

정서경(Seo-Kyeong Jeong) 한국차학회 2010 한국차학회지 Vol.16 No.2

Ever since prehistoric ages, tea has been thought of as a precious present. As such, it was often given to valuable guests of the royal court or royal family as a cultural present. For the public, due in part to a folk belief from the Samhan period, tea served as a typical gift, tribute and offering throughout the ancient, Goryeo, Joseon and modern periods. Further, tea was a very important symbol. Folk beliefs posited that one should hold sacred natural inanimate objects such as mountains, trees, rocks, rivers and the sea, as well as animals such as the serpent, tiger, horse, bear and magpie. Such deification customs involved worshiping the mountains, the river or sea, or praying to the trees or rocks. There are a variety of examples in which tea was used as the function of folk beliefs. Regarding the tea culture of the public, the symbol of the tea spirit was considered more important than the tea of Paengda, the manners of Hangda or the taste of Eumda, because of mysteriousness and acquirement of the wisdom of the ancestors. Tea was a valuable offering and was the first tribute performed when presenting the six offerings to Buddha. In the cultural history of Korea, the tea ceremony and tea offering were performed to search for the nature and truth of life, and they demonstrated manners representing respect and sincerity. The ideal foundation of the tea ceremony was religion, though at the same time it transcended religion and was a philosophy of life.

대둔사 찻독 초의차의 전승맥락

정서경 ( Jeong Seo-kyeong ) 한국사상문화학회 2017 韓國思想과 文化 Vol.86 No.-

본고에서는 초의차의 전승맥락을 고찰하고자 한다. 초의차는 우리차의 근간이며 한국차가 지속적인 차의 기능으로 전승되어 온 정체성을 고스란히 드러내고 있기 때문이다. 그것은 고대부터 현대로 이어지는 한국 차문화의 전승적 맥락의 중심축이었다. 동아시아 차문화의 문화접변과 문화습합으로 인한 성장과 약진 속에서도 독창성을 유지할 수 있었다. 초의 의순(草衣 意恂, 1786~1866)의 역할이 절대적이었다 할 수 있다. 그러한 큰 골격은 후대 차인들의 노력과 지향으로 전승되었다. 또 그것을 지키고 계승하려는 시대정신이 있었기에 가능했다. 그렇기에 한국 차문화는 시대별 변천과 계층별 특색, 그리고 기능별 체계를 확연히 보여주고 있다. 그래서 본고는 이러한 문제점을 바탕에 두고 한국차의 원형이며 우리차문화 전승의 원론이라고 할 수 있는 초의차의 전승맥락을 세부적으로 검토해 보았다. 초의차의 정의와 초의 의순의 다풍 전승은 물론 논점과 패러다임의 중심에서 쟁점이 되고 있는 현안을 해결하고자 했다. 초의 다법은 후일 범해와 원응·금명으로 이어졌고 다시 응송에게 계승되었으며 현대에 와서는 박동춘이 그 차의 전승을 담당하고 있다. 이들의 노력은 초의의 다법이 현대까지 이어지게 한 공이다. 무엇보다 대둔사를 중심으로 오늘날까지 초의차가 전승되게 된 이면에는 응송의 장수도 크게 기여하였다. 세대교체가 빠른 속도로 진행되었다면 불가능 했을 것이라는 판단도 어긋나지 않았다. 물론 그 배경에는 응송의 고집도 한 몫을 차지하였다. 그가 지킨 초의차의 원형은 그런 배경이 있었기 때문에 현대로 전승되었다고 보는 것이 필자의 분석이다. 더욱이 차의 역할, 차의 기능이 아니었을까 하는 생각도 배제할 수 없다. 전승맥락을 조사하면서 당시의 제다법을 기억하는 구술자들 모두가 장수하고 있다는 사실이다. 초의차의 전승은 이들의 노력에 의해 지켜질 수 있었다. 초의차가 근·현대로 이어질 수 있었던 원동력은 선대 차인들의 많은 기록이나 현장이 고증되었기 때문이다. 이는 오랫동안 공유할 우수한 전통 문화라는 점에서 역사적 의미를 지닌다. The study investigated transmission context of Choui tea. Choui tea is a root of Korean traditional tea and fully shows identity of Korean tea transmitted continuously. It was central axis of context in transmission of Korean tea culture connected to modern times from ancient times. Choui tea could maintain its uniqueness in the midst of growth and rush by cultural assimilation and encounters of tea culture in the Eastern Asia. In this regards, the role of Choui Uisoon(草衣 意恂, 1786~1866) was absolute. Such great framework was transmitted by efforts of tea lovers in next generations. It was possible by era`s spirit to keep and transmit it. So Korean tea culture clearly shows changes over era, characteristics each group, functional system. Therefore, based on such problems, the study inquired into context in transmission of Choui tea which is prototype of Korean traditional tea and principles of transmission of Korean tea culture in detail. The study defined Choui tea and dealt with transmission of tea tradition of Choui Uisoon. Furthermore, the study tried to solve pending issues under going in arguing point. Choui tea ceremony was passed down to Beomhae, Woneung, and Geummyeong later. And then, it was succeeded to Eungsong. In the modern times, Park Dong-choon is in charge of transmission of tea. By their efforts, tea ceremony of Choui can be transmitted to modern times. Above all, in the background of such transmission of Choui tea even to modern times, there is long life of Eungsong which highly contributed to the transmission. If change of generation was proceeded with rapidly, it would be impossible. Of course, obstinacy of Eungsong contributed to it. The author analyzed that prototype of Choui tea could be transmitted to modern times thanks to such background. It is also thought that role and function of tea made it possible. This is because interviewees who remember tea manufacturing method of then times are all living a long life. Transmission of Choui tea has been possible by their efforts. Driving force of transmission of Choui tea is much records of tea lovers in the previous age and research on the site. This has a historical meaning in that that is excellent traditional culture which can be shared so long.

북한이탈주민을 소재로 한 아동문학 권장도서 분석: 다문화적 접근

임정택(Lim, Jeong Taek),손지혜(Ji Hye Son),곽태환(Tae Hwan Gwak),정서경(Seo Kyeong Jung) 한국이민학회 2021 한국이민학 = Korean journal of international migration Vol.8 No.2