예수와 전쟁기계 : 체제, 폭력, 주체성에 관한 신학적 고찰

정대인 ( Jung¸ Daein ) 한국조직신학회 2020 한국조직신학논총 Vol.61 No.-

코로나19로 촉발된 펜데믹의 충격은 국가와 인종, 정치와 경제는 물론 문화와 종교에 이르기까지 기존질서에 대한 근본적인 성찰을 요청한다. 이런 상황 속에서 대중적인 그리스도교가 고수하던 기존질서는 바이러스 감염의 주요 원인으로 떠오르면서 시민사회로부터 질타의 대상이 되었다. 본 논문은 현재 문제시되고 있는 그리스도교라는 체제의 문제를 폭력과 주체성을 중심으로 분석하면서 제도 종교의 한계와 새로운 대안을 모색하려는 시도이다. 이를 위하여 먼저 슬라보예 지젝의 폭력이론을 중심으로 그리스도교의 객관적 폭력(subjective violence), 주관적 폭력(objective violence) 그리고 기존 체제의 안정과 지속을 위해 사용되는 환상과 주체의 예속화(assujettissement)를 분석한다. 그후 체제를 지속시키는 폭력과 구별되는 중지시키는 폭력을 신적 폭력과 그리스도론을 중심으로 살펴본다. 끝으로 질 들뢰즈와 펠릭스 가타리의 아이디어를 차용하여, 그리스도교는 기존질서의 안정과 지속을 목적으로 삼는다면 결국 국가장치(state apparatus)로 귀결될 수밖에 없으며, 반대로 예수가 보여줬던 신적 폭력과 ‘자기의 테크놀로지’(technology of self)는 체제의 바깥에서 기존질서를 흔들고, 위협하는 전쟁기계(war machine), 즉 새로운 형태의 주체성에 부합함을 밝히고자 한다. The impact of the pandemic triggered by COVID-19 calls for a fundamental reflection on the existing order, including nation and race, politics and economy, as well as culture and religion. Under these circumstances, the existing order observed by popular Christianity emerged as a major cause of viral infection and became the target of criticism from civil society. This thesis is an attempt to explore the limitations of institutional religion and new alternatives while analyzing the problem of the system of Christianity, which is currently being questioned, focusing on violence and independence. To this end, first, focusing on Slavoj Žižek's theory of violence, Christian subjective violence and objective violence, and fantasy and assujettissement used for the stability and continuation of the existing system are analyzed. After that, the violence that sustains the system and the violence that stops the system are explored, focusing on divine violence and Christology. Lastly, this thesis is to confirm that it will eventually lead to a state apparatus if Christianity uses the ideas of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari for the purpose of stabilizing and sustaining the existing order, and that, on the contrary, the divine violence and “technology of self” that Christ showed correspond to a war machine, that is, a new form of identity that shakes and threatens the existing order from outside of the system.

사회적 지지와 일상적 창의성이 대학생의 진로준비행동에 미치는 영향

정대인(Daein Jung),홍아정(Ah Jeong Hong) 중앙대학교 한국교육문제연구소 2015 한국교육문제연구 Vol.33 No.2

본 연구는 사회적 지지, 일상적 창의성, 진로준비행동의 영향관계 및 사회적 지지가 일상적 창의성을 매개로 진로준비행동에 미치는 효과를 실증적으로 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 수도권 대학생 중 고 학년 363명을 대상으로 설문조사를 진행하였으며 자료는 SPSS 2.0 및 AMOS 20.0으로 통계 분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 평가적 지지와 정보적 지지는 독창적 유연성, 대안적 해결력, 모험적 자 유추구, 이타적 자아확산, 관계적 개방성, 개성적 독립성, 탐구적 몰입에 긍정적인 상관관계가 있는 것 으로 나타났다. 둘째, 정보적 지지는 진로준비행동의 구성요소인 도구구비활동과 목표달성 활동에 긍 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 일상적 창의성이 높을수록 진로준비행동에 긍정적인 영 향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 사회적 지지, 일상적 창의성, 진로준비행동 간에 나타나는 직접적 인 영향관계와 일상적 창의성이 사회적 지지와 진로준비행동간의 관계에서 매개효과를 갖는지 검증한 결과 일상적 창의성은 사회적 지지와 진로준비행동 간의 관계에서 완전 매개효과를 갖는 것으로 나타 났다. 연구결과를 토대로 대학생의 진로와 관련한 시사점을 제시하였다. The purpose of the study was to examine influential relationship between social support, everyday creativity and career preparation behavior of university students, and to verify the mediating effect of everyday creativity between the variables. 363 junior and senior university students in Seoul and Gyeonggido province participated in the survey. The following are the results of the study: Firstly, information support had positive effects on the tool equipping activities and goal achieving activities which are components of career preparation behavior. Secondly, social support components of evaluation support and information support showed positive correlations with components of everyday creativity such as unique flexibility, alternative problem solving skills, adventurous pursuit of freedom, altruistic self-expansion, relational openness, characteristic independence, and inquiring immersion. Thirdly, as a result of verifying the everyday creativity of the students on career preparation behavior, higher creativity showed more positive effects on career preparation behavior. Fourthly, direct influencing relationships between social support, everyday creativity, and career preparation behavior and everyday creativity was shown to have a complete mediator effect on the relationship between social support and career preparation behavior.

다공성 전극의 압축률이 레독스흐름전지의 성능에 미치는 영향에 대한 수치해석적 연구

정대인 ( Daein Jeong ),정승훈 ( Seunghun Jung ) 한국액체미립화학회 2017 한국액체미립화학회지 Vol.22 No.2

When designing a redox flow battery system, compression of battery stack is required to prevent leakage of electrolyte and to reduce contact resistance between cell components. In addition, stack compression leads to deformation of the porous carbon electrode, which results in lower porosity and smaller cross-sectional area for electrolyte flow. In this paper, we inves-tigate the effects of electrode compression on the cell performance by applying multi-dimensional, transient model of all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). Simulation result reveals that large compression leads to greater pressure drop through-out the electrodes, which requires large pumping power to circulate electrolyte while lowered ohmic resistance results in bet-ter power capability of the battery. Also, cell compression results in imbalance between anolyte and catholyte and convective crossover of vanadium ions through the separator due to large pressure difference between negative and positive electrodes. Although it is predicted that the battery power is quickly improved due to the reduced ohmic resistance, the capacity decay of the battery is accelerated in the long term operation when the battery cell is compressed. Therefore, it is important to opti-mize the battery performance by taking trade-off between power and capacity when designing VRFB system.

다공성 전극의 압축률이 레독스흐름전지의 성능에 미치는 영향

정승훈 ( Seunghun Jung ),정대인 ( Daein Jeong ) 한국액체미립화학회 2016 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.-

Research on renewable energy such as solar, wind, and hydropower is being accelerated to resolve environmental problem and fossil fuel depletion problem. Most of renewable energies, however, have a limitation such that they cannot immediately respond to the power load because of their irregular power production. To compensate this problem, energy storage systems (EES) is indispensable. Redox flow batteries (RFB) have attracted attention as a strong candidate for future ESS in recent years. RFBs produce or store electric energy in liquid electrolyte by means of electrochemical reaction in electrodes where redox couples react together (see Fig. 1). According to the redox couple, there are several types of RFBs such as Zinc/Bromine RFB, All-vanadium RFB, Fe/Cr RFB. Among them, allvanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is considered to be closest to commercialization. VRFB uses vanadium ions in both electrolytes (in the negative electrolyte: V²⁺,V³⁺ in the positive electrolyte:VO²⁺, VO⁺). Because same reactant (vanadium) is used in both electrodes, VRFB can easily recover its performance even though the electrolyte is contaminated by reactant crossover. Furthermore, VRFB can sustain very long operational life time because it does not require catalyst in electrodes. In the present study, the compression effect of porous electrodes on the performance of VRFB is computationally investigated. To predict the performance and physico-chemical behavior of VRFB, multi-dimensional, computational models are developed. Several battery design parameters such as cross-sectional area of the flow inlet, the electrode porosity, reaction area of electrode, ionic and electronic conductivity are influenced by electrode compression, which results in mass transport, electric resistance and flow characteristics of VRFB. The present multi-dimensional VRFB model is composed of four coupled partial differential equations, which are simultaneously solved by means of computational fluid dynamics technique. Preliminary charging and discharging performance of a unit VRFB is presented in figure 2 when the carbon-felt electrodes (4mm thickness and 0.95 of porosity) are compressed from 0% to 50%. Basic observation reveals that increasing the compression ratio leads to large ionic resistance of electrodes, which results in lower capacity utilization through this study. Also, higher compression ratio causes large pressure gradient in thru-electrode direction. This pressure gradient brings about severe convective crossover of vanadium ions through the membrane.

전산해석기법을 활용한 고출력 레독스 흐름 전지의 설계 최적화

김강산(Kangsan Kim),정대인(Daein Jeong),김수환(Soowhan Kim),정승훈(Seunghun Jung) 대한기계학회 2017 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2017 No.6

집합교육의 비대면 실시간 교육 전환과정 및 성공요인 탐색

윤세현(Sehyun Yoon),이재민(Jaemin Lee),서동화(Donghwa Seo),정대인(Daein Jung),박지원(Jiwon Park) 한국기업교육학회 2022 기업교육과인재연구 Vol.24 No.2

본 연구는 비대면 실시간 교육의 효과를 높일 수 있는 구체적인 방법과 시사점을 제시하고자, 기존 대면으로 이뤄진 집합교육을 비대면 실시간 교육으로 성공적으로 전환한 사례들을 선정하여 구체적인 전환과정과 성공요인을 탐색하였다. 연구목적에 부합하는 사례를 선정하기 위해 COVID-19 펜데믹이 시작된 2020년 1월부터 2021년 10월까지 국내 HRD 3대 잡지에 우수 교육사례로 소개된 45개 사례 중 비대면 전환 후 기존 집합교육 대비 학습자 만족도 및 학습 성과가 향상된 3개 사례를 선정하였다. 이후 해당 사례를 직접 기획/운영한 담당자와 심층 인터뷰를 진행하였고, Hugget(2017)의 비대면 실시간 학습(Virtual Training) 교수설계 가이드의 7단계를 분석틀로 활용하여 성공요인을 도출하였다. 연구결과, 각 사의 담당자들은 COVID-19 팬데믹으로 인해 대면교육이 전면 중단된 상황 속에서 기존 집합교육을 비대면 교육으로 전환하기 위해 1.비대면 실시간 교육준비, 2.적합 플랫폼의 선택, 3.비대면 교육에 걸 맞는 교육내용 기획/설계, 4.상호작용 중심의 실습·활동개발, 5.강사-운영자 상호 간의 협업, 6.학습자 준비, 7.본질 중심의 교육평가 단계를 거쳤다. 각 사례들을 종합하여 성공요인을 도출한 결과 총 7단계에 걸쳐 24개의 성공요인이 도출되었다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 향후 비대면 실시간 교육을 진행하는 실무자들에게 비대면 실시간 전환 단계별 고려해야할 점 등 실천적 시사점을 제시하였다. This study aims to explore the process and success factors of how face-to-face training programs in Korean companies were successfully changed to virtual programs during the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, three cases which obtained improved learners’ satisfaction and learning outcomes compared to previous face-to-face programs after changing to online were selected among 45 cases introduced as excellent training programs in three major HRD magazines from January, 2020 to October, 2021. After that, in-depth interviews were conducted with the person in charge of changing and implementing training programs in each company, and data were coded and analyzed by using Hugget’s(2017) 7 stages of instructional design guideline for virtual training as a framework in order to draw success factors. As a result of the study, it was found that the managers of each company went through the following processes for the transition from face-to-face training to a virtual program during the COVID-19 pandemic: 1. preparation of a virtual program, 2. selection of appropriate platform, 3. plan and creation of contents for a virtual program, 4. development of interaction-oriented practices and activities, 5. collaboration of instructors and operators, 6. learner preparation, and 7. essence-oriented training evaluation. Moreover, by synthesizing success factors of each case, 24 success factors were derived. Based on the findings, implications for research and practice were discussed.