한국인 편평태선의 임상적 고찰

임은화 ( Eun Hwa Lim ),임명 ( Myung Im ),이영 ( Young Lee ),김창덕 ( Chang Deok Kim ),이증훈 ( Jeung Hoon Lee ),서영준 ( Young Joon Seo ) 대한피부과학회 2013 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.51 No.9

Background: The clinical presentation of lichen planus varies depending on the area involved. It occurs in less than 1% of the world’s population: also, the prevalence in Korea is relatively low. However, the number of our outpatients has been increasing rapidly. Objective: We studied the clinical characteristics of 100 patients with biopsy proven lichen planus. Methods: We reviewed the medical records and clinical photographs of 100 patients who had been diagnosed with lichen planus during the last 10 years, from January 2002 to December 2011. Results: Over the past 10 years, patients with Lichen Planus accounted for 0.196% among the new outpatients of this dermatology. The rate of Lichen Planus increased when it occurred on the skin, except for the Mucosal area. Of the 100 outpatients, 62% were men and 38% were women. The mean age at diagnosis was 54 years, and more than half of the patients were between 40 and 60 years of age. The most common site of lichen planus was the lip,which was found in 44% of the patients. Oral lesions were the second most commonly involved site at 28%,followed by the body at 20% and the genital area at 8%. The patients complained of various symptoms such as pain, burning sensation, pruritus, and irritation. Various treatments had been tried by all patients. Conclusion: This study of domestic patients with Lichen Planus is the biggest clinical research performed at a single center. The clinical features of patients in this survey share many similarities with those reported previously,but showed some differences too.

Think-aloud기법을 활용한 이해점검 독해전략 훈련이 영어학습자의 독해력 및 독해 메타인지에 미치는 효과

임은화 ( Eun Hwa Lim ),임병빈 ( Byung Bin Im ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2011 현대영어영문학 Vol.55 No.2

The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of comprehension-monitoring reading strategies training by think-aloud technique on students` reading proficiency and metacognitive level. The research method is practicing comprehension-monitoring reading strategies training for 20 times. The participants were 1st grade students in a girls` high school. Several meaningful findings were obtained as follows: First, comprehension-monitoring reading strategies training improved students` general metacognitive level except conditional knowledge in metacognition subcategories. Second, comprehension-monitoring reading strategies training improved students` reading proficiency in inference and arranging the order in reading subcategories. Therefore, this research suggests that using comprehensi2won-monitoring reading strategies training makes students recognize their reading comprehension process. (The Kongju National University)

초등영어 수행평가의 운영 현황과 교사 및 학생의 인식

임은화(Lim Eun hwa),안경자(Ahn Kyung ja) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2015 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.15 No.3

본 연구는 초등영어 수행평가의 실행 현황 및 영어과 국가교육과정 목표와의 부 합성을 조사했다. 또한 영어 수행평가에 대한 교사들과 학생들의 인식을 분석했다. 서울 경기 지역의 11개 초등학교에서 41명의 영어교사와 453명의 5, 6학년 학생들을 대상으로 설문조사를 했고, 그 중에서 교사 3명과 6학년 학생 3명을 심층면담했다. 자료는 양적 및 질적으로 분석되었다. 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다: (1) 초등영어 수행평가는 운영 주체들 간의 협의가 원활하지 않은 상황에서 진행되는 경우가 많 았고, 평가 기준안의 적용에 혼란을 느끼고 있었다. 이런 상황에서 교사들은 실질적 인 영어수행평가와 관련된 교사 연수를 받은 경험 및 연수 자체가 미흡한 실정이었 다. (2) 교육과정에서 지향하는 의사소통적 평가의 특성(예: Bachman, 1991)에서 볼 때, 수행평가는 직접적이고, 절대평가적이며, 수행평가적인 측면을 가지고 있었지만, 학생들의 요구에 기반하고 예측불가능한 평가의 측면은 다소 미흡했다. (3) 수행평 가는 국가교육과정의 인지적, 정의적 목표 달성에는 긍정적이었으나 문화적 목표 달 성에는 불충분한 것으로 나타났다. (4) 교사와 학생간 수행평가에 대한 인식의 차이 가 나타났다. 교사들은 수행평가가 계획 및 실행에 시간과 노력이 많이 투자되며, 평가 자료와 적절한 기준이 부족하기 때문에 수행평가에 대해 학생들보다 더 많은 부담을 가지고 있었다. 학생들은 교사들보다 더 다양한 평가과업 유형에 관심이 있 었고, 선호하는 평가과업유형은 학생별로 개인차가 있었다. 본 연구는 초등영어 수 행평가 발전을 위한 제언 및 영어 수행평가와 관련하여 교사, 교사교육가, 정책입안 가에게 중요한 시사점을 주고 있다. This study examines the implementation of performance-based assessment (PBA) in elementary English classes in South Korea and the extent to which PBA corresponds with the goals of the National English Curriculum. It also investigates teachers’ and students’ perceptions of PBA. The data include survey responses from 41 English teachers and 453 fifth and sixth graders. Interviews were also conducted with three of the sixth grade participants and three of the teachers. The data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The findings are as follows: (1) PBA was used in these teachers’ lessons despite a lack of collaboration with stakeholders and even though the teachers were unsure of how to apply assessment standards to their students’ performance. Furthermore, the teachers had had insufficient teacher education experiences and appropriate training regarding PBA in elementary English instruction. (2) Of the characteristics of assessment deemed suitable for measuring learners’ communicative competence in previous research (e.g., Bachman, 1991), PBA has the features of direct, criterion-referenced, task-based assessment; however, it is not student-needs-based, unpredictable assessment. (3) The teachers used PBA to determine whether students achieved the cognitive and affective objectives prescribed in the National English Curriculum, but they felt that PBA measure learners’ achievement in cultural objectives inadequately. (4) Discrepancies between teachers’ and students’ perceptions of PBA were found. Teachers felt more of a burden from the implementation of PBA than the students did due to the time and effort in planning and implementing PBA as well as a lack of testing resources and adequate assessment standards. The students were interested in more diverse test task types than the teachers were, and the preferred test task types varied from student to student. Based on these findings, suggestions to improve PBA in elementary English classes are made. Moreover, important implications for teachers, teacher educators, and policy makers regarding PBA in English instruction are discussed.

서울거주 여성의 전신경락마사지 직후 피로정도 1 -전신경락마사지 직후 피로정도 분석-

임은화 ( Eun Hwa Lim ),강상모 ( Sang Mo Kang ) 한국미용학회 2015 한국미용학회지 Vol.21 No.3

The purpose of the present study was to compare the difference in the fatigue symptoms between a group experiencing meridian massage for the first time and a group experienced the massage at least two times. To obtain accurate data on fatigue symptoms immediately after the massage, an empirical research method was conducted by surveying 200 Seoul resident women aged 30-60 on site. Analysis of the data was performed by utilizing SPSS win 21.0. All subjects showed increased fatigue symptoms in all categories such as physical pain, decreased motivation, circulatory disturbance, and dysaesthesia. The group experienced meridian massage for the first time showed more increase in fatigue symptoms than the group experienced the massage at least two times. Various researches are expected to find methods to relieve the fatigue symptoms immediately after meridian massage.

초등학교 6학년 EFL 학습자들이 겪는 원어민 영어 보조교사와의 학습 경험에 대한 현상학적 연구

임은화 ( Lim Eun Hwa ),안경자 ( Ahn Kyung Ja ),배한숙 ( Bae Han Suk ) 서울교육대학교 초등교육연구소 2017 한국초등교육 Vol.28 No.3

본 연구는 현상학적 분석의 방법을 통해 초등학교 6학년 EFL 영어 학습자들이 겪는 원어민 영어 보조교사와의 학습 경험의 본질을 탐구하였다. 서울 A초등학교 6학년 학생 6명을 연구 참가자로 선정했다. 원어민 영어 보조교사와의 수업을 관찰하고 관찰노트를 기록하였으며, 반구조화된 개별 심층 면담 및 집단 면담을 실시하고 녹음 후 전사하였다. 면담 자료 전사, 중요 발화 선정 및 의미 추출, 주제 발견의 순서로 수집된 자료를 분석하여 원어민 영어 보조교사와의 영어 학습 경험의 의미를 6가지의 대주제(성공과 좌절의 반복, 영어 학습자로서의 나에 대한 성찰, 수업에서 가로새기, 영어학습, 문화학습, 이상적인 교사상의 확립)와 12가지의 소주제(성공, 좌절, 영어 학습에 대한 성찰, 더 넓은 시공간으로 나를 옮겨두기, 해방, 필요성 회피, 실제적인 영어의 사용, 영어 지식의 확장, 우리나라에 대한 외국인의 시선 확인, 우리나라와 다른 나라의 차이 확인, 교사와의 관계에 대한 성찰, 온정적 대화에의 참여)로 구조화했다. 이로부터 원어민 영어 보조교사와의 학습은 기존 연구들에서 주로 초점을 맞춰온 영어 능력 및 영어 학습에 대한 인지적·정의적인 측면에만 영향을 미치는 것이 아니라 문화적 측면, 인간적인 관계 형성에 대한 성찰 등에 까지 폭넓은 영향력을 행사함을 확인했다. 본 연구의 결과는 영어 학습의 본질을 반영한 초등 영어 교육 관련 정책, 초등 영어 교수학습의 방법과 내용, 초등 영어 교사교육에 관한 시사점을 제안하며, 관련 후속 연구의 방향을 제시한다. The purpose of this study is to make an phenomenological exploration of the grade six Korean EFL learners` experience with a native English speaking teacher. To achieve the purpose, participants (N=6) were chosen using a purposeful sampling strategy. Semi-structured interviews and classroom observations were conducted. Interview data was transcribed and qualitatively analyzed. Field notes were taken for each observation. Data triangulation, peer debriefing, and member checking techniques were used to establish validity. As a result, six themes and twelve sub-themes were established to describe the meanings of the grade six Korean EFL learners` learning experiences with a native English speaking teacher. On the basis of the result, some implications and suggestions were provided for the researches and practice in the future.

1064 nm NdYAG Laser와 595 nm Pulsed Dye Laser로 치료한 철분 주사 후 색소침착

임은화 ( Eun Hwa Lim ),김수정 ( Sue-jeong Kim ),이영 ( Young Lee ),서영준 ( Young Joon Seo ),김창덕 ( Chang-deok Kim ),이증훈 ( Jeung Hoon Lee ),임명 ( Myung Im ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회지 Vol.53 No.4

Ferric carboxymaltose is a non-dextraniron complex used in patients with iron deficiency. However, iron injections may lead to long-lasting brown discoloration secondary to extravasation at the injection site. We herein report a case involving a patient who developed pigmentation after intravenous iron injection and was successfully treated with combined laser therapy. A 36-year-old woman presented with circumscript pigmentation on her left arm after having undergone intravenous iron injection for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia. Histopathologic examination revealed basal hypermelanosis and dermal infiltration of siderophages. Combined therapy with 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser and 595 nm pulsed dye laser was performed to treat the lesion, and marked improvement was noted after five sessions. (Korean J Dermatol 2015;53(4):315∼318)

구기자 추출물 식이가 전신경락마사지의 피로감 개선에 미치는 영향

임은화 ( Eun Hwa Lim ),강상모 ( San Mo Kang ) 한국미용학회 2016 한국미용학회지 Vol.22 No.1

In this study, a direct survey and blood analysis were conducted in order to verify the reduction of fatigue level right after receiving a full body meridian massage through the intake of Lycii fructus extract. In order to analyze the level of fatigue experienced right after receiving a full body meridian massage by using the dietary intake of Lycii fructus extract, which include anti-oxidant substances, direct survey and blood analysis was conducted on females between the age of 50 and 60 who live in Seoul. Through direct survey, the correlation between the subject’s health statuses, daily stress level, daily fatigue and the level of fatigue symptoms experienced after the massage according to dietary intake were analyzed. To conduct a comparison analysis on dietary intakes of Lycii fructus extract and mineral water for the control group, blood was collected from the subjects before and after the massage and the changes of lactic acid, uric acid, stress hormones, anti-oxidant enzyme (SOD), total anti-oxidative activity (BAP), concentration of active oxygen (d-ROMs) were analyzed. Survey results revealed that the level of fatigue after the massage was lower when the subject’s health status was high and daily stress level and daily fatigue were low. The experimental group that received massages and also Lycii fructus extract showed improvement in fatigue. The blood analysis revealed that consuming Lycii fructus extract reduces fatigue inducing substances and stress hormones, and reduces the level of fatigue experienced after the massage by increasing anti-oxidant activity. The consumption of Lycii fructus extract, which was simultaneously conducted with the full body meridian massage, was effective in relieving stress and treating fatigue. This result suggests that enhancing anti-oxidant effects of Lycii fructus extract are able to increase the level of customer satisfaction by lowing stress and fatigue level.

갑상샘 조직검사 후 발생한 동정맥 혈관종

박승배 ( Seung Bae Park ),임은화 ( Eun Hwa Lim ),임명 ( Myung Im ),이영 ( Young Lee ),이증훈 ( Jeung Hoon Lee ),서영준 ( Young Joon Seo ) 대한피부과학회 2013 대한피부과학회지 Vol.51 No.6

Fine needle biopsy of nodules on the thyroid is simple diagnostic method and it is generally a safe procedure. The main side effect is pain and hematoma. Secondary hemangioma development after biopsy is extremely rare. A 63-year-old woman presented with a 5-year history of solitary erythematous papule on neck. Spontaneous bleeding recorded six times within 5 years. There is not vascular anastomosis in ultrasonographic imaging. A histopathologic study showed vessel-like arteriole around small veins in dermis. No arteriovenous hemangioma case has been previously reported to be related to fine needle biopsy. Our case showed possibilities of arteriovenous hemangioma developments after fine needle biopsy.

내과계 중환자의 영양공급 현황 및 영양상태 변화

지수나(Chi Soo Na),고재영(Ko Jea Young),이수하(Lee Su Ha),임은화(Lim Eun Hwa),권국환(Kown Kuk Hwan),윤미선(Yoon Mi Seon),김은숙(Kim Eun Sook) 韓國營養學會 2011 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.44 No.5

The objective of this study was to determine the nutritional support in patients treated in medical intensive care units (MICUs) by evaluating the extent of current nutritional support using the patient care plan and considering the association between nutritional status and the amount of nutrition supplied. From April to December 2010 114 patients (age ≥ 18 years) admitted to the MICU and who underwent nutritional support for > 5 days were included. Descriptive statistics showed that the 114 patients received nutritional support within 1.2 ± 0.7 days and for 16.2 ± 11.7 days in the MICUs. The total delivered/required caloric ratio was 81.08 ± 27.31% and the protein ratio was 80.32 ± 28.93%. Patients who received > 80% of required calories and protein showed improved nutritional status (p < 0.05). The results showed that adequate nutritional support is crucial to critically ill patients. We suggest early nutritional screening using simple tools such as periodic monitoring and management to recalculate nutritional status and nutritional requirements and nutritional support using a multidisciplinary method. Systematic nutritional support teams are needed to provide adequate nutritional support for patients in the MICU.