복지 사육환경에서 산란계 및 육계의 사양지침 변화

이준엽,이용준,채병조,이정헌,윤석민,이명호,오상집,Lee, Jun-Yeop,Lee, Yong-Joon,Chae, Byung-Jo,Lee, Jeong-Heon,Yoon, Seok-Min,Lee, Myoung-Ho,Ohh, Sang-Jip 한국축산환경학회 2010 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Poultry welfare has recently appeared as worldwide concern as well as Korea. The recent action plan for farm animal welfare introduced by the European Commission intends to expand the body of regulatory standards. In this context, many countries and/or organization are on the verge of establishing the most optimum poultry welfare standards. To establish the most optimum standards, comparative analysis of feeding regimen before and after welfare-bestowed environment need to be preceded. Most guidelines or standards for poultry welfare do not suggest the nutritional requirements and feeding system in detail, although it is deterimental especially for the farmer. This review intends to find scientific base to establish detailed welfare feeding guidelines. However, only limited research has been conducted in the view of actual poultry welfare. The results indicated the incidence of SDS, ascites, skeletal dysfunctions caused by fast growth rate in broiler, feather pecking and cannibalism in laying hen, and feed restriction in broiler breeder could be reduced by changing nutritional regimen and feeding strategies or both. The regimen and feeding strategies are certainly near to the direction that the poultry welfare ought to be in the right track. In this article, feeding and drinking guidelines in many standards as well as welfare feeding experiments have been reviewed and compared In the view of chicken productivity, welfare physiology and poultry health.

사육밀도와 사료 단백질 수준이 저속 성장 육계(한협 3호)의 성장, 육질, 혈청 Corticosterone에 미치는 영향

이준엽(Jun Yeob Lee),이정헌(Jeong Heon Lee),이명호(Myung Ho Lee),송영한(Yong Han Song),이종인(Jong In Lee),오상집(Sang Jip Ohh) 한국가금학회 2016 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.43 No.4

세 수준(6.3, 9.5, 12.6 수/m²)의 사육밀도와 사료 단백질 수준(19%, 18%)이 저속성장 육계(한협 3호)의 육성성적, 영양소 이용률, 닭고기 저장성, 육색, 계육 성분 및 뼈의 광물질조성과 혈청 corticosterone 함량에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 사육 밀도는 한협 3호 육성성적에 유의적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 증체량은 저 밀도인 6.3 수/m² 구에서 가장 높았으며, 고밀도(12.6 수/m²) 구에서 가장 낮았다. 특히 고사육 밀도에서는 사료섭취량이 유의적으로 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 낮은 사료섭취량으로 인하여 고사육밀도 계군의 사료요구율이 타 사육 밀도 계군의 사료요구율에 비하여 상대적으로 낮았다. 고밀도 계군에서의 사료 섭취량 저하와 낮은 사료요구율은 41∼60일 구간보다는 61∼75일 구간에 현저하게 나타났는데, 그 영향으로 전 사육기간의 사료섭취량과 사료요구율도 차이가 나타났다. 본 연구에서 사료 단백질 1% 차이는 증체량과 사료요구율에 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 다만 41∼75일 구간 사료섭취량은 단백질 19% 구에 비하여 오히려 18% 구에서 낮았다. 저장 중 계육의 TBARS 값은 처리구간에 차이가 없었다. 하지만 계육의 적색도와 명도는 사료 단백질 수준에 따라, 황색도는 사육 밀도에 따라 차이가 나타났다. 가슴육의 단백질 함량과 다리육의 Ca과 P의 함량은 각각 사료 단백질 수준과 사육밀도에 영향을 받았다. 사료의 단백질 수준과 사육밀도는 뼈의 회분함량 및 회분 중 Ca과 P의 함량에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 혈청 corticosterone 함량은 사육밀도가 낮을수록 낮게 나타났으나, 사료 단백질 수준에 따른 차이는 없었다. 본 연구 결과, 저속성장 육계 한협 3호 사육후기 단계에 고사육 밀도(12.6수/m²)로 사육하는 것은 생산성을 하락시킬 뿐 아니라, 혈청corticosterone 함량도 높이므로 바람직하지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 한협 3호 육계의 후기 사료 단백질을 18% 수준으로 설계하더라도 생산성에 차이가 없음을 알게 되었다. A total of 720 slow-growing Korean meat-type (Hanhyop 3) chicken were used to evaluate the effect of stocking densities and dietary protein levels on growth performance, meat quality, bone mineral composition, and serum corticosterone. Three (6.3, 9.5, and 12.6 birds/m²) stocking densities and two dietary protein levels (19% and 18%) were factorially (3×2) arranged for six treatments. Overall body weight gain (BWG) was highest (p<0.001) at the lowest stocking density (6.3 birds/m²). The feed intake (FI) of birds at the highest density (12.6 birds/m2) was lower than that of birds at the other densities, but resulted in better feed/gain (F/G). Among 18% protein groups, the overall FI of birds at 9.5 birds/m2 was higher than that at the lowest density; therefore, birds at 9.5 birds/m2 had poorer F/G than birds at the lowest density during days 61∼75. Difference in F/G among densities was only significant (p<0.05) during days 61∼75 but not significant (p>0.05) during days 41∼60. Although there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in BWG and F/G between 19% and 18% dietary protein levels, FI of the 18% protein diet was less (p<0.05) than that of the 19% diet. Although there was no difference (p>0.05) in meat TBARS values, meat color differed (p<0.05) with stocking density and dietary protein levels. There was no effect (p>0.05) of stocking density and dietary protein levels on bone mineral composition. Serum corticosterone concentration increased (p<0.05) with increasing stock density but was not affected (p>0.05) by dietary protein levels. This study indicated that a density of 12.6 birds/m² is not recommended for slow-growing chickens. Between 19% and 18% dietary protein levels, 18% would be recommended for the Korean Hanhyop 3 chicken in the finishing stage.

고추냉이와 버섯폐배지 첨가 비육돈사료가 슬러리의 악취물질 농도에 미치는 영향

이강훈,황옥화,양승학,박규현,이준엽,전병순,오상집,이상석,유용희,조성백,Lee, K.H.,Hwang, O.H.,Yang, S.H.,Park, K.H.,Lee, J.Y.,Jeun, B.S.,Ohh, S.J.,Lee, S.S.,Yoo, Y.H.,Cho, S.B. 한국축산환경학회 2012 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.18 No.suppl.

본 연구는 사료에 서양고추냉이 분말 0.03%, 팽이버섯폐배지 0.5% 및 서양고추냉이 분말 0.03%와 팽이버섯폐배지 0.5%의 혼합제를 사료에 각각 첨가한 후 비육돈에 급여하여 분뇨에서 발생되는 악취물질의 농도변화를 조사하였다. 1. 분뇨의 단쇄지방산 농도를 측정한 결과 초산, 프로피온산, 부티르산 및 이성체지방산의 농도는 처리구간에 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 2. 분뇨의 페놀, p-크레졸 및 이들을 합한 페놀류 농도는 처리구간에 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 그러나 인돌 농도는 고추냉이 처리구에서 낮았으며(p<0.05), 스카톨 농도는 대조구와 고추냉이구에서 가장 높았고, 고추냉이와 버섯폐배지의 혼합구에서 가장 낮았으며, 버섯폐배지구는 중간이었다(p<0.05). 인돌류 농도는 고추냉이와 버섯폐배지의 혼합구에서 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). This study was to performed to investigate the effect of horseradish powder and mushroom waste in fattening pig diet on odorous compound concentration from slurry. Twenty fattening boars [Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire) ${\times}$ Duroc] weighing an average body weight of $78.4{\pm}8.88$ kg were randomly assigned to one of 4 treatments (control, horseradish 0.03%, mushroom waste 0.5%, and combination; horseradish 0.03% + mushroom waste 0.5%). This experiment was a randomized complete block (RCB) design using 5 pigs per treatment with 1 pig per metabolizable cage. Pigs were fed experimental diet (amount proportional to 3% of their body weight) twice a day (09:00 and 16:00) for 7 d after having 14 d adaptation period. Experimental diets were mixed with water by 1:2.5 v/v. Odorous compounds in slurry including acetate, propionate, butyrate, trans fatty acid isomers were not different (P>0.05) among treatments. There was no difference (P>0.05) in the levels of phenol compounds including phenol and p-cresol in slurry among treatments. Concentration of indole was lower (P<0.05) in horseradish group compared with others. Skatole level was highest in control and horseradish group, middle in mushroom waste group, and lowest in combination group (P<0.05). Concentration of indole compounds was lowest (P<0.05) in combination group. Data from our current study suggest that indole compounds in slurry can be reduced by administrating pigs with 0.03% horseradish powder and 0.5% mushroom waste in their diet.

이스라엘 잉어에 있어서 Spirulina Platensis 의 사료영양적 가치

오상집,김정대,이현용,박정금,이준엽 ( S . J . Ohh,J . D . Kim,H . Y . Lee,J . K . Park,J . Y . Lee ) 한국영양사료학회 1998 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.22 No.1

실험경매법을 이용한 동물복지형 달걀에 대한 수용성 분석

오상집 ( Sang Jip Ohh ),정윤필 ( Yun Pil Jung ),이준엽 ( Jun Yeob Lee ),이종인 ( Jong In Lee ) 한국축산경영학회 2012 농업경영정책연구 Vol.39 No.4

The purposes of this study are to analysis the consumer`s WTA and WTP for egg produced by animal welfare in Korea. Data were collected by two times of experimental auctions and questionnaire for housewives and university students in Chuncheon. In the result of the first experiment, average WTP for the animal welfare egg was estimated as 91% higher than the usual egg price that was suggested in the experiment. And average WTA for the egg was estimated as 41% higher than the usual egg price. In the second experiment, the average WTP for the animal welfare egg was estimated as 205%~199% higher than the usual egg price. And average WTA for the animal welfare egg was estimated as 197%~87% higher than the usual egg price. The results of the TOBIT analysis were as follow. In the first experiment, birth year in WTP, and birth year and monthly income were statistically significant. The results of the second experiment were as follow. In the experiment for studdents, genger, birth year, and residental area in WTP, and sex, birth year, residentail are, and monthly income in WTA were statistically significant. In the experiment for housewives, birth year in WTP, and birth year, marital status, family member in WTA were statistically significant.

모형 슬러리 돈사 활용한 분뇨의 저장기간별 악취물질 농도 조사

이강훈,조성백,박규현,양승학,이준엽,오상집,김인호,최동윤,유용희,황옥화,Lee, K.H.,Cho, S.B.,Park, K.H.,Yang, S.H.,Lee, J.Y.,Ohh, S.J.,Kim, I.H.,Choi, D.Y.,Yoo, Y.H.,Hwang, O.H. 한국축산환경학회 2012 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.18 No.suppl.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of storage time of manure on the concentration of odorous compounds. Levels of odorous compounds were measured from manure incubated in $20^{\circ}C$ for 6 wk in pilot chamber whose structure is similar to slurry pit. Levels of short chain fatty acids were decreased (p<0.05) by 4,159, 1,925, 844, and 483 ppm as storage time increased as 0, 2, 4, and 6wk, respectively. Transfatty acid level was not changed for 2wk but decreased (p<0.05) afterwards (levels were 250, 248, 151, and 61 ppm at 0, 2, 4, 6wk, respectively). Levels of phenol compounds were decreased (p<0.05) by 68, 48, 26, and 9 as storage time increased as 0, 2, 4, 6wk, respectively. Phenol concentration was increased whereas p-cresol level was decreased as storage time increased showing ratios of phenol and p-cresol were 6:94, 34:66, 51:49, and 67:33 at 0, 2, 4, and 6wk, respectively. Concentration of indole compounds was not different for 2wk but increased (p<0.05) after 4wk. The ratios of indole and skatole were 71:29, 42:58, 28:72, and 36:64 at 0, 2, 4, and 6wk, respectively. Skatole concentration was increased as storage time increased. Therefore, our current results indicate that levels of volatile fatty acid and phenol compounds were deceased but indole compounds were increased as manure storage time was increased. 본 연구는 돈사 슬러리 피트와 유사한 형태의 모형의 아크릴 반응조에서 분뇨를 6주간 배양하면서 2주 간격으로 악취물질의 농도를 측정하기 위해 수행되었다. 1. 분뇨를 6주간 저장하는 동안 2주 간격으로 단쇄지방산의 농도를 측정하였을 때 시간이 경과함에 따라 뚜렷하게 감소하였으며(p<0.05), 이성체지방산의 농도는 저장 4주 이후 크게 감소되었다(p<0.05). 2. 분뇨 저장기간별 페놀류 농도는 0, 2, 4, 6주에 각각 68.27, 47.69, 26.08, 8.84 ppm으로 시간 경과와 함께 크게 감소되었다(p<0.05). 3. 그러나 분뇨를 6주간 저장하는 동안 인돌류 농도는 저장 4주부터 증가되었다(p<0.05).

비육돈 사료의 고추냉이 첨가수준별 분뇨의 악취물질 농도 변화

이강훈,황옥화,박규현,양승학,송준익,전중환,이준엽,오상집,성하균,최동윤,조성백,Lee, K.H.,Hwang, O.H.,Park, K.H.,Yang, S.H.,Song, J.I.,Jeon, J.H.,Lee, J.Y.,Ohh, S.J.,Sung, H.G.,Choi, D.Y.,Cho, S.B. 한국축산환경학회 2012 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.18 No.suppl.

서양고추냉이를 비육돈에 급여하여 분뇨에서 발생되는 악취물질의 농도변화를 조사하였다. 1. 서양고추냉이 분말을 사료에 혼합하여 돼지에 급여한 후 분뇨의 단쇄지방산 농도를 측정한 결과, 사료에 고추냉이를 0.02% 혼합했을 때 아세트산, 프로피온산, 부티르산, 이소부티르산, 이소발레르산, SCFA 및 I-SCFA 농도가 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 2. 페놀과 p-크레졸을 합한 페놀류 농도는 고추냉이를 0.01~0.02% 첨가하였을 때 대조구보다 감소하였다(p<0.05). 인돌과 스카톨을 합한 인돌류 농도는 사료에 고추냉이를 0.03% 첨가하였을 때 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 3. 따라서 분뇨의 페놀류 농도를 줄이기 위해서는 사료에 고추냉이를 0.02% 이하로 첨가하고, 인돌류 농도를 줄이기 위해서는 사료에 고추냉이를 0.03% 정도 첨가하여야 할 것으로 판단된다. This study was performed to test the effect of horseradish powder in fattening pig diet on odorous compound concentration from manure. Twenty fattening boars [Landrace ${\times}$ Yorkshire) ${\times}$ Duroc] weighing an average body weight of $68.4{\pm}4.95}$ kg were randomly assigned to one of 4 treatments (horseradish level in diets: 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03%) based on their body weight. This experiment was a randomized complete block (RCB) design using 5 pigs per treatment with 1 pig per metabolizable cage. Pigs were fed experimental diet (amount proportional to 3% of their body weight) twice a day (09:00 and 16:00) for 7 d after having 14 d adaptation period. Experimental diets were mixed with water by 1:2.5 v/v. Concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) was highest (p<0.05) when pigs fed diet with 0.02% horseradish powder. Level of phenol compounds including phenol and p-cresol were decreased (p<0.05) in 0.01~0.02% horseradish treatment group compared with control group. Concentration of indoles including indole and skatole was lowest (p<0.05) in 0.03% horseradish treatment group compare to others. Therefore, results from our current study suggest that the optimal levels of horseradish powder in diet for reducing phenol and indole compounds in pig manure were 0.02 and 0.03%, respectively.

옥외 광배양조에서 광합성 미세조류인 Spirulina platensis의 대량배양에 관한 동력학적 연구

성기돈(Ki-Don Sung),안주희(Ju-Hee Ann),이준엽(Jun-Youp Lee),오상집(Sang-Jip Ohh),이현용(Hyeon-Yong Lee) 한국생물공학회 1995 KSBB Journal Vol.10 No.4

크롬과 구리의 형태별 병용급여가 육성돈의 육성성적, 소화율 및 분의 Cr, Cu, Zn 배출량에 미치는 영향

박정금 ( Jeoung Keum Park ),김진웅 ( Jin Woong Kim ),유영범 ( Young Beom Yoo ),이준엽 ( Jun Yeop Lee ),오상집 ( Sang Jip Ohh ) 한국동물자원과학회 2008 한국축산학회지 Vol.50 No.3

사료 내 생균 또는 사균 형태 김치 유산균의 첨가가 육계의 생산성, 영양소 이용률, 장내 미생물 및 계육 특성에 미치는 영향

이정헌(Jeong Heon Lee),김상윤(Sang Yun Kim),이준엽(Jun Yeop Lee),무사비르 아메드(Musabbir Ahammed),오상집(Sang Jip Ohh) 한국가금학회 2013 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.40 No.1