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자궁경부 편평상피병소에서 인체유두종바이러스 감염과 Ki-67표출에 대한 연구
김창진,강상균,이종칠 순천향의학연구소 1997 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.3 No.2
The squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix is the most common malignant tumor among women in Korea. Since 1976, when a research result that human papillomavirus(HPV) infection played some role in the tumorigenesis of the uterine cervical carcinoma had been published, numerous reports supporting the result has been released. They reported that about 90% of the carcinoma had some relation with HPV infections. About 20 subtypes of HPV has been observed in the anogenital lesions. As subtypes of the virus can be grouped into three according to the potentiality of malignant tumorigenesis, high risk group (HPV16, 18), intermediate risk group(HPV31, 33)and low risk group(HPV6/11), it is very important to identify the subgroups in the precancerous and cancerous lesions of the cervix for either diagnosis or prognosis. When HPV infects the epithelial cells, it promotes cellular proliferation. The cellular proliferation can be evaluated by immunohistochemistry with the antibodies for proliferting cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and KI-67. Because PCNA has long half-life, and can be detected 48 hours after completion of mitosis, an estimation of proliferating cells by PCNA could be inaccurate. The expression of Ki-67 antigen is more correct than PCNA for the evaluation of proliferating cells due to its short half-life and rapid degradaton after completion of the mitosis. This study was conducted to see the relation between subtypes of HPV and cell proliferation by in situ hybridization(ISH) and immunohistochemistry in 60 cases of squamous intraepithelial lesions(SILs) and invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix. The results are as follows; 1. HPV was detected in 50 out of 60 cases (83.5%). 2. The subtypes HPV6/11, the low risk group, were detected in 78.2% and 4.5% of low grade SIL and high grade SIL respectively, while not detected in any of invasive carcinomas. 3. The subtypes HPV 16, 18, the high risk groups, were detected in 4.3%, 59.1% and 80% of low grade SIL, high grade SIL and invasive carcinomas respectively. 4. In normal squamous epithelium and squamous metaplasia, the cell fraction expressing Ki-67 were 13.5%±6.7% and 8.7%±3.5%, while in low grade SIL, high grade SIL and invasive carcinomas they were 35.8±7.9%, 66.8±11.8% and 84±13.4% resepectively. 5. There was no relation between HPV subtypes and cell fractions expressing Ki-67. Above results shows that subtypes HPV6/11 are prevalent in low grade SILs, while HPV16, 18 are common in the high grade SIL and invasive carcinoma. It seems that there is no correlation between the cell fractions expressing Ki-67 and subtypes of HPV, which suggests that cellular proliferation can be induced by other than HPV infections. As the cell fraction expressing Ki-67 increases according to the grade of SIL and invasiveness, it would be useful prognostic factor along with the identification of high risk HPV type in the uterine cervical squamous epithelial lesions.
[차량운동성능부문] 후미경사각 변화에 따른 자동차 저저항 설계에 관한 수치적 연구
강동민(Dongmin Kang),이종칠(Jongchil Lee),박원규(Warngyu Park),정영래(Youngrae Jung) 한국자동차공학회 2000 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
In this paper, numerical analysis is used to find the effects of rear end slant angle acting on low drag design of an automobile. The rear end slope angles used in this study are 24', 26.6', 28.6', 31.6', 36.4'. The governing equations of the 3-D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are solved by the iterative time marching scheme. The computed surface pressure coefficients have been compared with experimental results and a good agreement has been achieved. The A- and C-pillar vortex and other flow phenomena around the ground vehicle are evidently shown. The variation of aerodynamic coefficients of drag, lift with respect to rear end slant angle are systematically studied.