마우스 비장세포의 증식과 생존율에 대한 BCG-CWS의 면역자극 효과

이제욱,고은주,주홍구,Lee, Che-Wook,Ko, Eun-Ju,Joo, Hong-Gu 대한수의학회 2012 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.52 No.2

Mycobacterial cell-wall skeleton (CWS) is an immunoactive and biodegradable particulate adjuvant and has been tried to use for immunotherapy. The CWS of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG-CWS) was studied as an universal vaccine vehicle for antigen conjugation, to develop potentially effective and safe vaccine. Although a variety of biological activities of BCG-CWS have been studied, the effects of BCG-CWS on spleen cells are not fully elucidated. Using MTT assay and trypan blue exclusion test, we found that BCG-CWS significantly enhanced the viability and proliferation of cells. Multiple clusters, indicating proliferation, were observed in BCG-CWS-treated spleen cells and surface marker staining assay revealed that BCG-CWS promoted the proliferation of $CD19^+$ B lymphocyte rather than $CD4^+$ or $CD8^+$ T lymphocyte. In addition, BCG-CWS up-regulated the expression of anti-apoptotic molecules such as bcl-2, bcl-xL. BCG-CWS increased the surface expression of CD25 and CD69 as well as IL-2 production of spleen cells, suggesting increased activation. Furthermore, BCG-CWS enhanced the antigen-specific cell proliferation and interferon-gamma production of spleen cells. Taken together, these results demonstrate the immunostimulatory effects of BCG-CWS on spleen cells via multiple mechanisms, providing valuable information to broaden the use of BCG-CWS in clinical and research settings.

제주지역 모기의 계절적 발생소장 및 Real Time RT-PCR을 이용한 Flavivirus 감염조사(2017)

이제욱,황규계,Lee, Che-Wook,Hwang, Kyu-Kye 한국응용곤충학회 2018 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.57 No.3

기후온난화 현상이 지속되고 있는 제주지역에서 환경적으로 다른 지역 모기의 계절적 발생밀도를 조사하기 위해 제주시의 국제공항, 항만구역과 축사 그리고 서귀포 도심지의 11지점을 선정하여 3월부터 11월까지 매달 2회씩 Black light trap과 BG sentinel trap을 이용하여 모기를 채집하였다. 채집된 모기는 5속 7종. 6,042마리였으며, 이 중 빨간집모기(Culex pipiens)가 4,159마리(68.8%)로 우점종이었으며 흰줄숲모기(Aedes albopictus)는 1,348마리(24.4%)였다. Black light trap를 이용한 채집에서 중앙동주민센터는 트랩당 72.8마리를 채집하여 모기 밀도가 가장 높게 나타났으며 제주국제공항은 트랩당 1.4마리로 가장 낮게 나타났다. BG sentinel trap을 이용한 채집에서는 항만에서 트랩당 71.7마리로 가장 많았고 도심지의 걸매생태공원에서 28.3마리로 가장 낮았다. 시기별로 모기의 밀도는 5월부터 증가하기 시작하여 8월에 1,156마리(19.1%)로 가장 높은 밀도를 나타내었다. 채집된 암컷모기를 종별, 시기별, 지점별로 나누어 pool당 50마리 이하로 설정하여 총 364 pools에서 flavivirus 존재여부를 real time RT-PCR로 검사하였으나, 검출되지 않았다. This study examined the seasonal, regional distribution of mosquito vectors related with disease vectors in the Jeju. From March to November, sample were collected from 11 points in four environmentally different sites in Jeju Island. Samples were collected twice a month using a black-light trap and a BG sentinel trap. Overall, five genera and seven species types of 6,042 female mosquitos were collected. Among the collected mosquitos, 4,159 (68.8%) and 1,348 (24.4%) were Culex pipiens and Aedes albopictus, respectively, making them the dominant species. Additionally, collection using the black light trap produced 72.8 entities per trap in Jungang-dong service center in the center of the city, which was the highest value, while the lowest amount of 1.4 per trap was recovered from the airport. When the BG sentinel trap was used, the largest recovery was observed in the port, where there were 71.7 entities per trap, while the lowest amount of 28.3 entities per trap was recovered at Gealmae Eco Park. The overall number of mosquitoes collected started to increase from May, and reached the largest value of 1,156 (19.1%) in August. Trapped mosquitoes are created 364 pools of up to 50 grains per pool, by season, by environmental, and by species. When the pools were used, no flaviviral infection was observed upon real time RT-PCR.

흡연과 수면의 관계

배수진(Sujin Bae,),이여진(Yeojin Lee),이우성(Wooseong Lee),이원준(Wonjun Lee),이제욱(Jeuk Lee),이준형(Joon-Hyung Lee),이지환(Jihwan Lee),인재훈(Jaehun In),임지혜(Jihye Lim),전영미(Yung-Mee Jeon),전채리(Chaery Jeon),한덕현(Doug Hyun Han) 한국중독정신의학회 2017 중독정신의학 Vol.21 No.2

Purpose : Smoking adversely affects the health of smokers and passive smoking threatens the health of people around smokers. The purpose of this review was to summarize the effect of smoking on sleep. Methods : We reviewed 430 articles on smoking and the effect of medication for smoking on sleep. These 430 articles consisted of 78 articles on the physiological effects of nicotine, 20 articles on the effects of nicotine on sleep, 56 articles on smoking related diseases provoking a sleep disorder, 183 articles on other substances (except nicotine) provoking a sleep disorder, and 93 articles on the effects of stopping smoking and medication for stopping smoking on sleep. Results : We summarized the physiological effects of nicotine on sleep, the effects of other substances such as acetaldehyde on sleep, smoking related illnesses including obstructive sleep apnea, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic rhinosinusitis, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, depression, sleep bruxism, and restless legs syndrome, and the effects of smoking cessation on sleep. Conclusion : Research on the effect of smoking on sleep is necessary to understand the mechanism of smoking. More research on smoking, sleep, and brain mechanisms will give us a closer insight into the relationship between smoking and sleep.

하브루타 학습법이 PIRSO 요소 변화에 미치는 영향

이제욱(LEE, Je–,Uk),류희수(Ryu, Heuisu) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2017 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.17 No.24

본 연구는 하브루타 학습법이 수와 연산과 측정 영역의 수학적 정당화 분석틀(PIRSO) 요소 변화에 미치는 영향을 탐색하기 위하여 시행되었다. 연구대상자는 인천 G초등학교 3학년 학생 24명이었으며, 하브루타 학습의 효과를 확인하기 위해 양적자료를 이용한 연구를 설계하였다. 2016년 7월 사전검사를 실시하였고, 2016년 9월∼12월 하브루타 학습을 적용하여 수업을 실시한 뒤 사후검사를 실시하였다. 양적자료 분석은 준실험설계의 단일집단 사전-사후검사 설계를 적용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 본 연구에 참여한 3학년 학생들의 경우 PIRSO 요소의 수준은 학생별로, 과제별로 차이가 있었으나 전반적으로 모든 영역의 요소 수준이 상승하였으며, 그중에서도 특히 측정 영역의 조작적 불변자(I) 평균 0.88단계, 수학적 정당화 단계(S) 평균 0.54단계, 논리의 구성(O) 평균 0.5단계가 다른 요소들보다 높은 단계 상승이 있었다. 또한 수와 연산 영역의 조작적 불변자와 수학적 정당화 단계와 측정 영역의 조작적 불변자, 논리의 구성이 대응표본 t검정에서 유의미한 차를 나타내었다. 위와 같은 결과를 통해 본 학습의 적용은 학습자에게 유용한 학습법이라 보여진다. This study purposes to provide implications of the PIRSO factor level improvement in the math classes of elementary school by verifying the PIRSO factor level in number, operation and measurement of students in the 3rd grade of elementary school, and analyzing effect of Havruta learning method on change of PIRSO factors by measuring the PIRSO factor level after conducting classes applying Havruta. Through this study, the following conclusions have been identified: in the case of the 3rd grader students participating in this study, the PIRSO factor level differed by students and tasks, but overall, the factor levels in all areas were increased, in particular, operant invariant(I), mathematical justification(S), and composition of logic(C) in measurement increased higher than other factors.

지하수내의 철촉매를 이용한 질산성 질소 제거특성

이제욱 ( Je Wook Lee ),이종대 ( Jong Dae Lee ) 충북대학교 산업과학기술연구소 2005 산업과학기술연구 논문집 Vol.19 No.2

Energy Bad Smells 기반 소모전력 절감을 위한코드 리팩토링 기법

이제욱 ( Jae Wuk Lee ),김두환 ( Doo Hwan Kim ),홍장의 ( Jang Eui Hong ) 한국정보처리학회 2016 정보처리학회논문지. 소프트웨어 및 데이터 공학 Vol.5 No.5

최근 스마트폰, 태블릿과 같은 기기의 사용량이 증가하면서, 이에 탑재되는 소프트웨어는 더욱 복잡해지고 규모가 커지고 있다. 배터리의 전력으로 구동되는 모바일 기기들은 전력 공급의 한계로 인해 운용시간을 증가시키는 것이 중요한 이슈이다. 최근에는 소프트웨어 동작이 하드웨어 구동을 통해 전력 소모를 일으킨다는 점에서, 효율적인 동작 패턴을 갖는 소프트웨어 개발에 대한 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 그러나 모바일기기에 탑재되는 소프트웨어는 그 개발 주기가 짧은 경우가 많아 최적화와 전력 소모량을 반영하기 어려운 경우가 많다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 소모전력 절감을 위한 코드 리팩토링 기법을 제안하여, 소프트웨어 개발 및 유지보수에서 보다 용이하게 저전력 요구사항을 충족시키고자 한다. 이를 위해 전력 소모량을 감소시킬 수 있는 코드 패턴에 대하여 Energy Bad Smell을 식별하고, 이를 제거하기 위한 새로운 코드 리팩토링 기법을 제안하며, 실험을 통해 그 효용성을 검증하였다. While the services of mobile devices like smart phone, tablet, and smart watch have been increased and varied, the software embedded into such devices has been also increased in size and functional complexity. Therefore, increasing operation time of mobile devices for serviceability became an important issue due to the limitation of battery power. Recent studies focus on the software development having efficient behavioral patterns because the energy consumption of mobile devices is caused by software behaviors which control the hardware operations. However, it is often difficult to develop the embedded software with considering energy-efficiency and behavior optimization due to the short development cycle of the mobile services in many cases. Therefore, this paper proposes the refactoring techniques for reducing energy consumption, and enables to fulfill the energy requirements during software development and maintenance. We defined energy bad smells with the code patterns that can excessively consume the energy, and our refactoring techniques are to remove these bad smells. We performed some case studies to verify the usefulness of our refactoring techniques.

Bounding Circular Arcs를 이용한 기하학적 계산의 가속화

이제욱(Jaewook Lee),김명수(Myung-Soo Kim) 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회 2014 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.7

수중에서 호흡운동이 뇌성마비 아동의 폐기능 및 최대발성시간에 미치는 영향

이제욱 ( Je-wook Lee ),황보각 ( Gak Hwangbo ) 대한물리의학회 2019 대한물리의학회지 Vol.14 No.3

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of breathing exercise in the water on the pulmonary function and maximum phonation time in children with cerebral palsy. METHODS: The subjects were 24 children with cerebral palsy at GMFCS levels Ⅰ-Ⅲ, who were allocated randomly to either the aquatic breathing exercise group or general breathing exercise group 12 subjects per group. Each subject was required to complete 40 minutes of exercise twice a week for eight weeks. Those in the aquatic breathing exercise group performed aquatic breathing exercise, whereas those in the general breathing exercise group performed general aquatic exercise. RESULTS: Significant differences in FEV₁, PEF, VC, TV, ERV, and maximum phonation time were observed in the aquatic breathing exercise group after intervention, but there were no significant differences in either FVC, FEV₁/FVC, IC, or IRV. In the general breathing exercise group, there were no significant differences in the FVC, FEV₁, FEV₁/FVC, PEF, VC, IC, TV, IRV, ERV, and maximum phonation time after intervention. In terms of the pulmonary function, the two groups showed a significant difference in the change in FEV₁, PEF, and TV after intervention, but not in the FVC, FEV₁ /FVC, VC, IC, ERV, IRV, and maximum phonation time. CONCLUSION: These results above show that aquatic breathing exercise training in water is more effective in improving the pulmonary function than general breathing exercise training.

스포츠 VR게임의 프레즌스 경험이 몰입, 태도 및 스포츠 참여의도에 미치는 영향

이제욱 ( Lee Jea-woog ),김현정 ( Kim Hyun-jung ) 한국체육학회 2021 한국체육학회지 Vol.60 No.1

본 연구는 스포츠 VR게임을 통한 직접 스포츠 참여에 영향을 미치는 요인으로써 프레즌스 경험을 근간으로 유기적 모형을 형성할 수 있는 몰입, 태도요인을 적용하여 가설을 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 온라인 설문을 이용하여 데이터를 수집하였으며, 각 요인 간 관계검증을 위해 연구모형을 설정하고 경로분석을 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 스포츠 VR게임 이용자의 프레즌스는 몰입에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 스포츠 VR게임이 높은 현실감은 강한 집중상태에 이르게 될 수 있다는 의미로 볼 수 있다. 둘째, 스포츠 VR게임 이용자의 프레즌스는 태도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 가상 환경에서 즐기는 스포츠와 유사한 행위가 제공하는 현실감이 높을수록 실제 스포츠에 대한 긍정적 신념으로 이어질 수 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있다. 셋째, 스포츠 VR게임 이용자의 몰입은 태도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 스포츠 VR게임을 강하게 집중하여 플레이할수록 실제 스포츠에 대한 신념을 긍정적으로 내제할 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있다. 넷째, 태도는 스포츠 참여에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 스포츠 VR콘텐츠를 통해 형성된 스포츠에 대한 신념은 실제 스포츠 활동으로 이어지는데 일조하는 것을 확인할 수 있다. 제시된 결과와 같이 스포츠 VR게임 이용과정에서의 프레즌스, 몰입이라는 온라인 경험과 반응은 직접적인 오프라인 행동으로 전이되는 태도, 스포츠 참여에 효과적인 요인임을 알 수 있었다. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis by applying the flow and attitude factors that can form an systematic model based on the presence as a factor influencing the direct sports participation through the sports VR game. Data was collected using an online survey, and the results of setting up a research model and conducting path analysis to verify the relationship between each factor are as follows. First, the presence of sports VR game users was found to have a positive effect on flow. The high sense of reality in sports VR games can lead to a strong concentration state. Second, the presence of sports VR game users was found to have a positive effect on attitudes. The higher the sense of reality provided by actions similar to sports enjoyed in a virtual environment, the more positive beliefs about actual sports can be. Third, it was found that the flow of sports VR game users had a positive effect on attitude. The more intensely the sports VR game is played, the more positively the belief in actual sports can be assumed. Fourth, it was found that attitude had a positive effect on sports participation. The belief in sports formed through sports VR contents contributes to actual sports activities. In a conclusion, It was found that the online experience and reaction of presence and flow in the process of using a sports VR game are effective factors for the attitude that is transferred to the direct offline action and participation in sports.

스포츠 가상현실 콘텐츠에 대한 혁신저항과 수용

이제욱(Lee, Jea-Woog),박성제(Park, Sung-Je) 한국체육과학회 2016 한국체육과학회지 Vol.25 No.6

Purpose on this study is to recognize factors that influence the process how users embrace or resist virtual reality sports content, innovative technique and products. We conducted survey on 314 people from relevant online communities and analyzed the result. Study model verification was path analyzed with AMOS 22.0 statistical program and the result is as follow; First of all, the factor that affects content users to show innovation resistance manner is cognition on danger, and cognized advantage is the factor that reduce innovation resistance manner. Second of all, the factor that shows positive effect on acceptance is cognized advantage, and cognition on danger was drawn as the factor that hinder acceptance. Third of all, innovation resistance influence acceptance of virtual reality sports in a negative way, but this would be considered as general early stage of the process to embrace new technology and product at the market. Finally, cognition on complexity does not affect innovation resistance and acceptance. This study refutes the early stage phenomenon that only emphasizes the positive factors of innovative products and seeks for balanced perspective to consider acceptance as well as resistance.