http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
IPv6 플로우 레이블을 이용한 실시간 트래픽의 QoS 개선 방안
이인화(Inhwa Lee),김성조(Sungjo Kim) 한국정보과학회 2003 정보과학회논문지 : 정보통신 Vol.30 No.6
IPv6(1P version 6)는 QoS(Quality of Service) 제공을 위해 플로우 레이블이라는 새로운 필드를 정의하고 있다. 기존 플로우 레이블 부여 방안인 랜덤 넘버(Random Number) 방식은 플로우에 대 한 식별자 기능만을 수행함으로써 다양한 실시간 트래픽 특성에 따른 차별화된 서비스 제공에는 제약이 따른다. 본 논문에서는 플로우 레이블 필드를 플로우의 구성요소 및 QoS 파라미터로 사용하는 하이브리드(Hybrid) 방안을 제시하였다. 즉, 플로우 레이블에 사용되는 파라미터를 사용자가 표시하게 함으로써 실시간 트래픽에 대한 종단간 품질 보장과 함께 백본의 전송 자원을 효율적으로 사용할 수 있는 방법을 제시한다. 본 논문에서는 백본을 MPLS-TE(Multi Protocol Label Switching - Traffic Engineering) 환경으로 가정하고 시뮬레이션을 통해 램덤 넘버 방식과 제안된 하이브리드 방식에 대한 성능을 평가하였다. 그 결과 하이브리드 방식이 랜덤 넘버 방식에 비해 처리 성능 및 백본 자원의 활용 측면에서 효율적인 것을 알 수 있었다. The flow label field in IPv6 has been proposed to provide the QoS. Since the existing flow label specification scheme like random-number format utilizes the label only as the identifier of flow, it is not appropriate for providing differentiated services according to the characteristics of various types of real-time traffic. This paper proposes a hybrid scheme that makes use of the flow label fields as components of flow and QoS parameters as well. To be specific, this paper investigates a scheme that both guarantees the end-to-end service Quality and utilizes efficiently backbone resources by allowing users to specify QoS parameters using flow labels. Assuming an MLPS-TE network as the backbone, we compare the performance of our proposed scheme with that of random-number scheme through simulation. The simulation result shows that our scheme is more efficient than the existing one in terms of the transmission rate as well as the resource utilization of the backbone.
Survival analysis for colon subsite and rectal cancers
Inhwa Lee(이인화),Seung-Hyun Baek(백승현),Hyunsung Kim(김현성),Hong-Jae Jo(조홍재),Nahm-Gun Oh(오남건),Sanghwa Ko(고상화) 대한종양외과학회 2015 Korean Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol.11 No.2
Purpose: The survival rates of patients with colorectal cancers have been well documented in many studies. Some studies have shown that proximal colon cancers have inferior survival rates when compared with distal colon cancers. However, the prognostic significance of tumor location with respect to survival remains controversial. By using data from a single physician, we analysed patient survival rates based on colon cancer subsite location, including rectal cancers. Methods: We retrospectively analysed 881 patients with colorectal cancers between 1987 and 2008. Colon subsite locations were defined as cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum. Subsite-specific survival analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards ratios. The median follow-up time was 93 months. Results: A total of 689 colorectal cancer cases were included in our analysis, of which 14 were cecum (2.0%), 95 were ascending colon (13.8%), 21 were transverse colon (3.0%), 25 were descending colon (3.6%), 129 were sigmoid colon (18.7%), and 405 were rectum (58.8%) cancers. The 5-year overall survival rates were 77.8% for all colorectal cancers, which consisted of 92.9% for cecal cancer, 69.5% for ascending colon cancer, 76.2% for transverse colon cancer, 84.0% for descending colon cancer, 82.2% for sigmoid colon cancer, and 77.5% for rectal cancer. Conclusion: Ascending colon cancer was associated with the poorest survival outcome, whereas descending colon cancer was associated with the best survival outcome except cecal cancer. Moreover, the survival rate associated with left colon cancer was better than the survival for right colon and rectal cancer.