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동결액에 첨가된 macromolecule 및 EGF, FGF가 vitrification 법으로 동결한 소 수정란의 체외생존성에 미치는 영향
이은송,후쿠이 유타카,Lee, Eun-song,Fukui, Yutaka 대한수의학회 1998 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.38 No.2
Cryopreservation of embryos by vitrification is a simple method to preserve bovine embryos for subsequent embryo transfer, but embryonic viability after vitrification has been inconsistent and low compared with conventional slow freezing. The aim of the present study is to examine the effect of serum or serum albumin in a vitrification solution and epidermal growth factor(EGF) or fibroblast growth factor(FGF) on in vitro viability of bovine blastocysts frozen by vitrification. Bovine blastocysts were produced by in vitro maturation, fertilization of follicular oocytes and culture of embryos in a synthetic oviduct fluid medium(SOFM) containing BSA and 19 essential and nonessential amino acids. Blastocysts with excellent or good morphology were selected at 7 or 8 days after culture and utilized for vitrification. In experiment 1, blastocysts were vitrified in a solution containing semi-fetal calf serum(SFCS) or BSA(5 or 10mg/ml) and then their subsequent viabilities were examined by culturing thawed embryos in a SOFM containing BSA and 19 amino acids. Effect of EGF or FGF added to a SOFM containing polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) on the viability of vitrified-thawed blastocysts was investigated in experiment 2. BSA added at 5 or 10mg/ml to a vitrification solution showed significantly higher(p < 0.05) developmental rate to expanded and hatching blastocysts than SFCS, but there was no significant difference in the developmental rate to hatched blastocysts after thawing. Supplementation of a culture medium with EGF and/or FGF significantly increased(p < 0.05) embryo development to expanded blastocysts compared with control but showed no beneficial effect on the development to hatching or hatched blastocysts. Coculture of thawed embryos with granulosa cells in a TCM 199 containing 10% fetal calf serum(FCS) showed the highest developmental rate to expanded, hatching and hatched blastocysts among the groups tested. In conclusion, supplementation of a vitrification solution with BSA at 5mg/ml and culture of thawed blastocysts in a medium containing EGF and/or FGF can improve in vitro viability of bovine blastocysts frozen by vitrification.
젖소 동결수정란의 비외과적 이식에 있어서 수정란의 상태 및 이시조건이 수태율에 미치는 영향
이은송,조충호,황우석,Lee, Eun-song,Jo, Choong-ho,Hwang, Woo-suk 대한수의학회 1989 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.29 No.3
This study was performed to investigate the effects of stage and quality of embryo, synchrony between donor and recipient and difficulty of transfer on pregnancy rate following non-surgical transfer of frozen-thawed bovine embryos. The results were as follows; 1. The overall pregnancy rate of this experiment was 63.4% and that of heifers(73.1%) was higher than that of cows(46.7%). 2. The pregnancy rates of recipients transferred with morulae, early blastocysts and blastocysts were 50.0%, 64.7% and 71. 4%, respectively. 3. The pregnancy rate of recipients transferred with good embryos(67.9%) was higher than that of recipients transferred with fair embryos(53.8%). 4. The pregnancy rates of embryos transferred to left and right uterine horn were 63.2% and 63.6%, respectively. 5. The pregnancy rate of recipients in estrous synchrony 0(76.2%) was higher than those of recipients in synchrony -1(55.6%) and +1(44.4%). 6. The pregnancy rate of recipients transferred with 2 embryos (71. 4%) was higher than that of recipients transferred with 1 embryo(61.8%). 7. The pregnancy rate of embryos transferred to uterine tip (72.0%) was higher than that of embryos transferred to uterine base(50.0%). 8. Ease of transfer was ranked to a scale of one to three on the basis of increasing difficulty. Transfers ranked as ease score 1 accounted for 77.8% of pregnancies and had higher pregnancy rate than ease score 2(66.7%) or 3(45.5%). 9. The pregnancy rate of recipients with excellent corpus luteum(CL) (70.0%) was higher than those of recipients with good CL(61.1%) or fair CL(61.5) %. In reviewing above results, it was considered that the factors such as embryo stage, embryo quality, estrous synchrony, corpus luteum quality, transfer site within uterus, recipient's parity and ease score affected the pregnancy rate after non-surgical transfer of frozen-thawed bovine embryos.
폐기물 소각시설 비산재의 함량-용출 상관관계 도출을 통한 수은화합물 안정도 평가
이은송 ( Eun-song Lee ),백승기 ( Seung-ki Back ),조수진 ( Soo-jin Cho ),김기헌 ( Ki-heon Kim ),서용칠 ( Yong-chill Seo ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2019 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.36 No.7
This study provides the correlation between mercury (Hg) content and leachate concentration of fly ash (FA) from waste incinerators: a municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) and a medical waste incinerator (MWI). In addition, the stability and leaching characteristics of Hg were estimated to develop stabilization treatment technology for hazardous waste having the leachate Hg concentration as 0.005 mg-Hg/L based on the waste management law in Korea. As a result of a sequential extraction procedure consists of five-steps, FA (MSWI) and FA (MWI) contained mainly unstable mercury compounds with high solubility or sensitive to changes in pH. The major constituents were found to be Ca, Fe and Si by the x-ray fluorescence analysis. The high alkalinity ([Ca]/[Si]) could affect the conversion of Hg compounds to amphoteric ions, then could contribute to the increasing of F3 fraction from the sequential extraction procedure. Fe could affect oxidation of Hg and increasing the production of HgO. These factors could affect the increase in mobility of Hg compounds in fly ash; spraying lime (Ca(OH<sub>2</sub>) in air pollution control devices also could affect the high mobility of Hg compounds. Therefore, the development of control technology (e.g. stabilization) of discharged fly ash by considering the chemical properties and stability.
이은송 ( Eun-song Lee ),백승기 ( Seung-ki Back ),정법묵 ( Bup-mook Jung ),성진호 ( Jin-ho Sung ),서용칠 ( Yong-chill ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2017 한국폐기물자원순환학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2017 No.-
수은의 배출로부터 국민의 건강과 환경을 보호하기 위하여 국제수은협약(Minamata Convention on Mercury)이 2013년도에 채택되었다. Article 11에서는 수은폐기물을 수은 오염, 함유, 구성 폐기물 등 총 3가지 종류로 구분하여 정의하고 있다. 현재 국내법 체계상 수은폐기물은 따로 분류 및 처리되고 있지 않은 상황이다. 국내 수은폐기물은 발생원에 따라 넓은 농도범위의 수은을 포함하고 있다. 산업시설에서 발생한 수은폐기물은 지정 폐기물로 분류되어 폐기물관리법에서 지정하고 있는 고형화 처리 후 매립되고 있다. 매립된 고농도 수은 함유 폐기물은 장기간에 걸쳐 환경에 노출되었을 때 시멘트 고화체로부터 고농도 수은 함유 침출수가 유출되어 2차 오염원이 발생할 가능성이 높다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 고형화 처리를 거쳐 매립된 수은폐기물이 매립지에 장기간 존재하였을 때 환경에 미칠 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 또한 수은폐기물의 처리방법으로써 고형화 처리법이 적절한 방법인지 알아보기 위해 장기용출 시험법을 적용해보았다. 대상 시료로써 국내 산업시설 발생 폐슬러지 및 원소수은을 사용하였다. 시멘트 고화체 제작을 위해 현재 국내 폐기물관리법에 명시된 고형화물 1 ㎥ 당 시멘트 150 kg 이상 첨가기준 및 28일의 양생기간을 준수하였다. 또한 장기용출 실험의 용출용매로써 pH 4, 7, 10의 버퍼용액을 사용하였다. 용출용매는 1, 3, 7, 28일 주기로 교체해 주었다. 용출액 수은 함량분석결과 초기단계에 용출시험 기준치 수은항목 0.005 mg/L 이상의 수은이 용출되었음을 확인하였다. 28일 이후에 용출되는 수은량이 점차 감소하는 추세를 나타내었으나 여전히 수은이 용출되는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 실험결과로 보아 고농도 수은폐기물을 대상으로 고형화 처리를 진행하는 것은 적절하지 않은 방법으로 판단된다. 그러므로 고농도 수은폐기물은 고형화 처리 이외의 기술을 적용시킬 필요가 있으며 고농도의 수은을 포함하고 있는 수은폐기물의 매립을 제한할 필요가 있다고 판단된다.
전문대학 사회체육과 특성화에 따른 학과명 및 교과목 선호도 조사연구
이은송(Eun Song Lee) 한국체육교육학회 2002 한국체육교육학회지 Vol.7 No.2
The purpose of this study was to understand college students` preference of curriculum and present a way of renaming Department of Community Sports Science in college based on the research and investigation. To achieve this purpose, we made up a new research paper related in literature and other studies. Moreover, 4 doctorates majored in Physical Education verified propriety, function and suitability. This survey inquired into 182 Department of Community Sports Science students in College. To discuss this study based on the result of survey, the facts were as follows. 1. The most preference in subject was Department of Sports Science, the next preference list as follows Teaching Leisure and Sports. Leisure Sports, Sports Management, Sports Medicine, Adapted Physical Education. 2. For more detail in Department of Sports Science, the 1st major preference was School of Arts and Physical Studies, the 2nd was Health Sports Management. the 3rd is Adapted Physical Education, Sports Medicine. 3. The most preference theoretical subject was Exercise Prescription and as follows next preference subject were Teaching Methods of Society of Physical Education, Water Safety, Management of Sports and Leisure, Sports Marketing, Theory of Leisure Business. 4. The most preference practical subject was Golf and as follows ski. scuba diving, squash.
A Trend Analysis of Cultivation Status of Medicinal Crop Farmers
Eun Song Lee(이은송),Yong Il Kim(김용일),Tae Jin An(안태진),Woo Tae Park(박우태),Jin Tae Jeong(정진태),Yun Ji Lee(이윤지),Mok Hur(허목),Jong Won Han(한종원),Sin Hee Han(한신희),Young Guk Kim(김영국),Chun Geun Park(박춘근),Jae Ki Cha 한국약용작물학회 2019 한국약용작물학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.1