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Al 박막의 힐록 형성에 미치는 Mo 하부층의 영향에 관한 실시간 분석
이용덕,황수정,이제훈,주영창,박영배,Lee, Yong-Duck,Hwang, Soo-Jung,Lee, Je-Hun,Joo, Young-Chang,Park, Young-Bae 한국재료학회 2007 한국재료학회지 Vol.17 No.1
The in-situ scanning electron microscopy observation of real-time hillock evolution in pure hi thin films on glass substrate during Isothermal annealing was analyzed quantitatively to understand the compressive stress relaxation mechanism by focusing on the effect of Mo interlayer between Al film and glass substrate. There is a good correlation between the hillock-induced stress relaxation by in-situ scanning electron microscopy observation ana the measured stress relaxation by wafer curvature method. It is also clearly shown that the existence of Mo interlayer plays an important role in hillock formation probably due to the large difference in interfacial diffusivity of Al films.
이용덕,이재헌,김광식,Lee, Y.D.,Lee, Jae-Heon,Kim, K S. 대한설비공학회 1992 설비공학 논문집 Vol.4 No.3
Temperature distributions in a 3.5 inch hard disk drive including disk surface and internal air have been simulated numerically. Solutions were obtained from fifteen cases regarding three power consumption rates and five ambient conditions. As a result, the velocity of cooling air should be maintained greater than ㏐/s when the power consumption reached 3W in the disk drive. A correlation equation was proposed to predict the temperature field of disk surface and caseing surface.
Expression and localization of endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthase in bovine uterus
이용덕,김승준,문창종,신태균,Lee, Yongduk,Kim, Seungjoon,Moon, Changjong,Shin, Taekyun The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2003 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.43 No.4
Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) has been reported in uterus. We examined the expression of the NOS isoforms, constitutive endothelial (eNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS), in bovine uterus by immunohistochemistry. eNOS immunoreactivity was localized predominantly to the endothelial cells that line uterine microvessels and to endometrial glandular epithelial cells, but was barely detectable in endometrial stromal cells. iNOS immunostaining was detected in glandular epithelial and stromal cells in the endometrium and in the endothelial cells of myometrial blood vessels. These findings suggest that both eNOS and iNOS may play important roles in the physiology of the uterus, possibly by generating NO.
공정 조성 SnPb 솔더의 배선 길이에 따른 electromigration 특성
이용덕,이장희,윤민승,주영창,박영배,Lee, Yong-Duk,Lee, Jang-Hee,Yoon, Min-Seung,Joo, Young-Chang,Park, Young-Bae 한국재료학회 2007 한국재료학회지 Vol.17 No.7
In-situ observation of electromigration behavior of eutectic SnPb solder was performed as a function of line length at $100^{\circ}C$, $6{\times}10^4A/cm$ condition in a scanning electron microscope chamber. The incubation time for edge drift and the edge drift velocity increase as line length increases, which are discussed with the void nucleation stage of solder bump and the electromigration back flux force, respectively. Finally, the existence of electromigration product (jL) and its line length dependency are also discussed.
R134a용 터보냉동기의 원심압축기 개발 Part 1 : 원심압축기 설계
이용덕,정진희,이현구,윤필현,김길영,Lee, Yongduck,Jeong, Jinhee,Lee, Hyeonkoo,Yoon, Pil-Hyun,Kim, Kilyoung 한국유체기계학회 2000 한국유체기계학회 논문집 Vol.3 No.4
The present study has been conducted to design the high efficiency centrifugal compressor for a R134a turbo-chiller. The centrifugal compressor consists of an impeller with splitters, two vaneless diffusers, a low-solidity vaned diffuser and a volute. A cycle analysis program for a turbo-chiller was developed to obtain compressor design parameters and requirements. We have designed the high efficiency centrifugal compressor by applying the repeated design procedure including a meanline design, a 3D geometry generation and fluid dynamic loading calculations.
한ㆍ중ㆍ일 대학생의 문자메시지 커뮤니케이션에 관한 연구
이용덕(李庸悳)(Lee, Yong-Duk) 일본어문학회 2011 일본어문학 Vol.53 No.-
本硏究は、韓ㆍ中ㆍ日の大學生の携帶電話の利用に關して調査したものである。それによると、文字メッセージの利用契機は中國は、‘時間場所にかかわらず利用できるから’が、日本と韓國は‘友人戀人家族が利用しているから’が一番高かった(χ²=111.80, p<.001)。その內容についてみると、中國は‘そのときにあった出來事や氣持ちの伝達’が、日本と韓國は‘待ち合わせや訪問などの約束や連絡’が一番高かく現れ、韓中日の有意な差がみられた(χ²=97.89, p<.001)。 利用目的について、中國は‘自分が聲を出して話せない場所にいるとき’が、日本と韓國は‘急用ではないが伝えることがあるとき’が一番高かく現れ韓中日の有意な差がみられた(χ²=94.12, p<.001)。 やり取りする相手の數を聞く質問については、三か國ともに‘ふだんよく會う友人’が一番多かった。文字メッセージ利用後のコミュニケーションの変化をみると、‘直接會う’とか‘電話の回數’、‘親近感の変化’などが增えていることが分かる。特に韓國と中國の學生は文字メッセージをやり取りしながらお互いに親近感を感じているように見受けられる。