논문편 : 개인적 자원이 스트레스인지도에 미치는 영향

이영석,최외선 ( Young Suk Lee,Wae Sun Choi ) 대한가정학회 1993 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.31 No.2

무기인산염이 골재생에 미치는 효과에 대한 조직계측학적인 연구

이영석,박준봉,권영혁,허익,정종혁,주성숙,Lee, Young-Seok,Park, Joon-Bong,Kwon, Young-Hyuk,Herr, Yeek,Chung, Jong-Hyuk,Jue, Seong-Suk 대한치주과학회 2007 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.37 No.1

In this study, author examined the effect of the concentration of the inorganic polyphosphate on the process of the bone regeneration by using the 6 weeks old rabbit with the weight of 2.0kg in average. we performed the experiment by using TR-eITFE membrane filled with collagen immersed with 1%, 2%, and 4% of inorganic polyphosphate, respectively, after removing the proper sized cort-ical bones from the calvaria of rabbit. The experimental results were compared with the one of the following four groups: The control group for membrane only, experimental group I for membrane filled with collagen im-mersed with 1% of inorganic polyphosphate, experimental group II for membrane filled with collagen immerse with 2% of inorganic polyphosphate, experimental group III for membrane filled with colla-gen immersed with 4% of inorganic polyphosphate. The fragments of the tissue with membrane were obtained from each group of the sacrificed rab-bits for 4 or 8 weeks sustained after surgery, were then prestained and coated. New bone formation was assessed by histomorphometric and statistical analysis. We may draw the conclusions from these experiments as following: 1. Collagen was an excellent carrier with a minimal inflammatory reaction and sustaining the form. 2. The sample of the 8th week group has shown the best bone regeneration compared with the cases of all groups including the control group. 3. The samples of collagen immersed with 2% and 4% of inorganic polyphosphate have shown more bone regeneration relative to the sample of the 1% inorganic polyphosphate. 4. The new bone regeneration was shown actively in the group for membrane filled with collagen immersed with 4% of inorganic polyphosphate. With above results, it is strongly suggested the use of inorganic polyphosphate with vehicle under TR-eITFE membrane.

귀밑샘의 형질세포와 호산성 조직구를 다량 함유한 림프절외 변연부 B-세포 림프종의 세침흡인 세포검사 소견 -1예 보고-

이영석,안정석,채양석,염범우,최종상,김철환,Lee, Young-Seok,An, Jung-Suk,Chae, Yang-Seok,Yeom, Bom-Woo,Choi, Jong-Sang,Kim, Chul-Hwan 대한세포병리학회 2007 대한세포병리학회지 Vol.18 No.2

The authors present the fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) cytologic findings of a case of extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma (MZBCL), which featured abundant plasma cells and eosinophilic histiocytes arising in both parotid glands. A 49-year-old female presented with palpable masses in both parotid glands. She had been suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. The lesions were evaluated by FNAC and smears showed a small number of clusters of oncocytic cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and small nuclei, intermixed with small to medium-sized lymphoid cells containing round to lobulated nuclei, which suggested Warthin's tumor. Some of lymphoid cells had a plasmacytoid appearance, and some scattered large cells contained a large amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm. Bilateral superficial parotidectomy was performed and a histopathologic study indicated MZBCL with abundant plasma cells, intermixed with eosinophilic histiocytes. The presence of oncocytic cells and a mixture of lymphoid and plasma cells indicates Warthin's tumor, but the cytologic features of a relatively monotonous small to medium-sized lymphoid infiltrate suggest the possibility of MZBCL in the clinical setting of an FNAC study performed on a patient suffering from a connective tissue disease.

시어도어 젤딘과 감성의 역사

이영석(Lee Young-Suk) 부산경남사학회 2005 역사와 경계 Vol.54 No.-

This article aims at introducing Theodore Zeldin's writings to Korean historians. Zeldin is one of the great historians who are popular among the readers in Britain. But his historiography has been criticized by some scholars because his style of writing was very different from that of traditional historians. He did not try to find new historical facts nor to present new interpretations in writing his books such as France 1848-1945, The French, or An Intimate History of Humanity. He only selected the method that used wide historical knowledge to write the history of passions and emotions.<br/> This attempt to find new form of historiography as a substitute for the traditional one, seems to be originated from his belief that historian should write for common readers. He wrote not only for common people, but also did the history of the present ordinary people. It means writings of the common people, by the common people, and for the common people.<br/> Zeldin's aim of writing is to seek an answer to the meaning of life. What is life? He emphasized not so much reason or knowledge as emotion and passions. In his books historical knowledge only acts as a rudder for the journey to realize what life is. Is he really a historian? Historical knowledge in itself is not important for him because it is only a mean to find some wisdom for our life.<br/> Zeldin, after all, seems to be similar to the Encyclopedists in eighteenth-century France or a modern figure of Guru. He is a counselor to teach his readers wisdom of life. Why does historical knowledge seem to come to life again in his writings? Perhaps it is because he is above all the historian for the life of humanity in the future.

영국 공장입법의 영향 , 1833 - 56

이영석 ( Young Suk Lee ) 한국서양사학회 1993 西洋史論 Vol.40 No.1

근대 초 런던 소매업의 재검토

이영석(Lee, Young Suk) 도시사학회 2011 도시연구 Vol.6 No.-

오늘날 소비도시에서 떠오르는 낯익은 이미지는 도로변에 들어선 각종 상점들이다. 이러한 경관은 언제부터 조성된 것일까? 전통적인 견해에 따르면, 소상점 중심의 소매업이 장시와 시장, 그리고 행상에 근거를 둔 이전의 상업 메커니즘을 대신한 것은 산업혁명 이후의 일이다. 그러나 소매업은 이미 17세기에도 중요한 경제부문이었다. 이러한 차원에서 본 논문은 근대 초 런던의 소매업 발전을 다루고자 한다. 근대 런던에서는 왜 소매업이 성장하였는가? 먼저 런던 인구의 급속한 증가가 이러한 소매업 발전에 유리한 환경을 조성하였다. 16세기 이래로 런던의 인구증가율은 늘 다른 유럽 도시들의 증가율을 웃돌았다. 둘째로 1666년의 ‘대화재’로 인해 소매업 번성을 자극하였다. 대화재 이후 도심지를 재건축하는 과정에서 많은 새로운 소매업 종사자들이 각자의 점포를 위한 장소들을 확보할 수 있었다. 이들은 또한 경제활동과 관련해서도 자유롭게 소매업에 종사할 수 있도록 해주는 면허장을 쉽게 획득할 수 있었다. 마지막으로 해외무역 또한 런던과 웨스트민스터의 소매업 성장을 부추겼다. 이처럼 런던의 소비문화는 17∼18세기에 급속히 변화해 나갔다. 그러나 동시에 소비에 대한 의식과 담론들은 새로운 사회변화에 알맞은 유형의 의식으로 변화하지 못하고 있었다. 그보다는 런던 시민들의 과소비에 대한 비판적 시각과 담론들이 여전히 지배하고 있었다. 18세기에 들어서야 버나드 맨더빌이나 애덤 스미스와 같은 몇몇 지식인들은 소비의 중요성을 강조하기 시작했다. 상업과 소비활동에 대한 이들의 새로운 관점은 소비와 상품에 대한 새로운 태도들을 대변하는 듯이 보인다. Today, the familiar images on large cities are related with various retail shops by the roadside. When did the retail trade begin to develop in London? For a long time traditional historians have focused on the development of retailing after the Industrial Revolution. But that trade was one of important economic trades in the seventeenth century. This paper deals with the development of retailing in early modern London. Why did the retail trade grow in early modern London? First, the rapid growth of the population in London was helpful for the development of retailing. Since 16th century the rate of the population growth in London was always higher than those of other European cities. Second, the ‘Great Fire’ of 1666 encouraged for retailing. In the process of the reconstruction of downtown after the Great Fire, many new comers of the retail trade could get shop places for manage their own retailing. They were also easy to get a licence by which they became free in the economic activities for their retailing. Finally, Foreign trade also promoted the growth of retailing in the City and Westminster. Like this, London consuming culture was rapidly changed in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. But that the time the consciousness and discourses of consuming were not changed into new types of consciousness suitable for new social changes. Rather there were many views and discourses criticizing over-consuming among Londoners. In the eighteenth century some intellectuals such as Bernard Mandeville and Adam Smith began to emphasize the importance of consuming. Their new views on commercial and consuming activities seem to represent the new attitudes towards consuming and goods.

1666년 런던 대화재

이영석(Lee, Young-Suk) 역사학회 2016 역사학보 Vol.0 No.230

The Great Fire of London in 1666 is well-known to us. At that time the most area of the City was burnt and collapsed by the fire. But it is also true that the Great Fire was served as a turning point at which London began to be changed from medieval city to modern one. How had London been redeveloped and re-built after the fire? How could contemporaries who initiated the redevelopment of London overcome some conflicts and estrangements between their ideal for modern city and residents’ realistic interests? After depicting the whole precess of the Great Fire on the basis of two contemporaries’ diaries, this essay focuses on examining the above problems. Of course, the ideal of modern city that some contemporaries such as John Evelyn, Christopher Wren and Robert Hooke had sought, was deformed and distorted in the process of redevelopment of the city. Their original plans were strongly influenced by residents’ interests and the city authorities’ realistic necessity. For all that, a generation later, London grew as one of the most prosperous cities in Europe. Destruction is sometimes followed by new construction. The economic prosperity of London in the end of the 17<SUP>th</SUP> century was helped upon its half-successful result of redevelopment after the fire.

한 평범한 인물의 기록에 나타난 나폴레옹 전쟁 - 독일인 귀환병사 야코브 발터의 회고(回顧) -

이영석 ( Lee Young-suk ) 호남사학회(구 전남사학회) 2018 역사학연구 Vol.69 No.-

나폴레옹 전쟁기에 징집된 독일인 병사 야코브 발터는 후에 자신의 경험을 기록으로 남겼다. 그 기록은 미국으로 이민을 떠난 그의 아들에게 전해졌다가 1930년대에 발견되었다. 이 논문은 발터의 기록을 정리해 소개하는 데 목적을 둔다. 발터의 회고를 분석하면, 두 가지 특징이 나타난다. 하나는 그가 독일 지역에서 일반적으로 나타났을 민족 정체성을 드러내지 않는다는 점이다. 당시 라인연방으로 재편된 뷔템베르크 출신으로서 그는 나폴레옹 지배에 적개심이나 또는 독일 민족의식을 전혀 가지고 있지 않다. 그렇다고 해서 구질서의 해체와 해방전쟁이라는 나폴레옹의 슬로건에 동조하지도 않는다. 다른 하나는 그가 러시아 원정과정에서 끝까지 놓지 않고 집착한 것은 가톨릭 신앙이라는 점이다. 일반적으로 19세기 초 서유럽사회에 종교적 심성은 점차 약화되었다고 본다. 그러나 발터는 고난의 행군과정에서 극단적일만큼 신의 가호와 기도에 집착하며 모든 것을 신의 은총으로 받아들인다. 물론 발터가 예외적일 수 있으며, 회고록 자체의 선택적 성격을 반영한 것일 수도 있다. 그렇다고 하더라도 이 회고는 19세기 초 평범한 사람들의 일상적인 신앙 생활에 관해 또 다른 해석을 가능케 한다. Jakob Walter, a German soldier who had been conscripted into the French army during the Napoleonic Wars, later recorded his experiences. The record was passed to his son who emigrated to the United States and was discovered in the early 1930s. This paper aims to summarize Walter's memoirs. When analyzing Walter's reminiscences, two distinct features emerge. One is that he does not reveal the national identity that normally appears in German peoples in the nineteenth century. Born in Burttemberg, he has no animosity toward Napoleon or no affinity to German nationalism. He does not sympathize with Napoleon's slogan, 'liberation and the breaking of the old regime'. The other is that he had continuously clung to the Catholic beliefs during the Russian expedition. It is, in general, argued that the religious attitude of Western European society has become increasingly weakened in the early nineteenth century. But Walter is extremely dependent on God's mercy and prayer, and accepts everything as divine grace. Walter, of course, may be an exception. Even so, this memoir enables us to interpret the ordinary peoples' religion somewhat differently from the existing interpretations of the religious attitude in modern European societies.

공항 지상직 서비스 근무자의 이직행동 요인에 관한 연구

이영석(Young-Suk Lee),이정현(Jung-Hyun Lee) 한국산학기술학회 2016 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.17 No.10

본 연구는 비약적으로 증가하는 인천국제공항 이용객들의 수요로 제 2 신공항의 개항을 빠르게 추진하는 현재, 인천국제공항 이용하는 이용자들의 편의를 제공하는 공항 서비스 인력자원의 이탈을 방지하고 보다 나은 서비스를 제공하여 공항 서비스 품질의 인적관리 부분에 중점을 주고자 공항 서비스 인력자원의 이직요인을 조직헌신의 매개효과를 중심으로 연구되었다. 연구결과 첫째, 직무관련 요인에서는 역할갈등과 역할과중만이 조직헌신에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째로는 조직관련 요인 중에서는 보상과 동료상사관계가 조직헌신에 영향을 주고 있는 것으로 나타났고, 세번째로는 조직헌신이 높을수록 이직행동이 높았다. 네 번째 이직에 영향을 주는 직무관련 요인은 역할갈등으로만 나왔으며, 다섯 번째로 조직혁신 요인 중에는 보상과 의사결정만이 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 종사원의 이탈을 방지하기 위해서 앞에서 제시했던 것처럼 가치적이나, 금적적인 보상이 이루어져야 하며, 장기근속으로 연결할 수 있도록 할 수 있는 환경을 기업의 입장에서 종사원에게 제시하고 동료, 상사와의 관계를 돈독할 수 있는 제도를 마련하는 것이 시급하다고 할 수 있다. The opening of a second new airport is urgently needed to meet the growing number of visitors to Incheon International Airport. This study focused on effectiveness of mediating effects on the dedication to organization in order to determine why manpower resources of the airport service sector should take job-changing into account and to focus on staff who provide service to customers visiting Incheon International Airport management of airport service quality by providing a better service and preventing them from leaving their job. The results show that, first, only obligation conflicts and heavy workload affect the dedication to organization in terms of task-related causes. Second, compensation and relationships with seniors also affect the dedication to organization in terms of organization-related causes. Third, if more dedication is required, more employees will leave their job. Fourth, role conflict is the only reason to leave the job related to task. Fifth, only compensation and decision making affect the cause of the dedication to organization. The employer urgently needs to make a system to develop a relationship with colleagues and seniors, make a better work environment so that employees can work for a longer period and monetary or valuable compensation should be provided as indicated above in order to keep them employed.

특집(特輯) : 기후변동과 역사 ; 17세기 템스 강 결빙과 상업세계의 변화

이영석 ( Young Suk Lee ) 이화사학연구소 2011 梨花史學硏究 Vol.0 No.43

The Thames was frosted over ten times in the seventeenth century which historians nowadays call the little ice age. The contemporary writings let us know that many tradesmen, peddlers and hawkers opened a large blanket fair on the frosted river especially in the Winter season of 1683-4. The focus of this paper is on how the blanket fair influenced the regular markets` transition to the free markets. The frosted Thames was the place that the municipal authorities of the City did not regulate free commercial activities. This temporary market was based on the desire of tradesmen and peddlers trying to escape from the traditional regulations. At that time, free commercial activities were represented with the prolongation of the opening time, or with the extension of the market site. In the late seventeenth century the regular markets of London were all experiencing these changes, which had stemmed from the pressure of the increased demand and supply. In addition, pure retail shops unrelated to guild masters in urban handicrafts also began to develop beyond the traditional regulations. The blanket fair was actually functioned as a free market that was exempt from the traditional regulations. It is not easy, of course, for us to find the evidence that it directly influenced some change in commercial activities. But, some experiences and memories of the blanket fair would have been helpful for the regulative markets to remove the final outer garment of traditional regulations in commercial activities.